http://www.unwaterlibrary.org/Developed by the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) with the support of the Municipality of Zaragoza, SpainenUN Documentation Centre on Water and Sanitation (UNDCWS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1137This publication compiles, analyses and disseminates experiences, and thereby demonstrates and illustrates important steps and lessons learned as well as good practices to take into account when developing a climate change adaptation strategy for water management in the basin or transboundary context. It includes lessons learned and good practices mainly from the programme of pilot projects under the implemented since 2010 by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) in cooperation with partner as well as from the UNECE/International Network of Ba...[Read full description]April 2015Adaptation, Awareness raising, Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Ecosystems, Financing, Infrastructure, Investments, Legal aspects, Mitigation, Monitoring, Participation, Practices and habits , Public policy, River Basin Management, Scenarios, Technology, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water allocation, Water cooperation, Water cycle, Water management, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1135The World Water Development Report gives an overall picture of the state of the world's freshwater resources and analyses pressures from decisions that drive demand for water and affect its availability. It offers tools and response options to help leaders in government, the private sector and civil society address current and future challenges and suggests ways in which institutions can be reformed. This 2015th edition illustrates the complex linkages between water and critical areas such as human health, food and energy security, urbanization, industrial gr...[Read full description]March 2015Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Disasters, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Equity, Food security, Gender, Groundwater, Health, Hygiene, Industry, Information and data, Investments, Livelihoods, Post-2015 agenda, Poverty, Resilience, Sanitation, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water availability, Water conservation , Water demand, Water efficiency, Water governance, Water management, Water scarcity, Water supplyUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1139These press briefs focus on the value of wetlands, as well as the role of wetlands in relation to: ecosystem services; meeting the challenges of the future; the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. After each briefs important links are provided.February 2015Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Valuation, WetlandsSecretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1136This analytical brief highlights wastewater management as a critical step in improving global water quality and public health. It analyses the current situation on wastewater and wastewater management, the challenges of wastewater as a resource, wastewater management in the Post-2015 Development Agenda and the challenges for implementing effective wastewater management.February 2015Agriculture, Financing, Health, Industry, Information and data, Post-2015 agenda, Urban areas, Wastewater, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water treatmentUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1112This report analyzes, for the first time, investments needed to scale up implementation required to achieve the targets of the World Health Organization (WHO) Roadmap on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and universal coverage against NTDs. The report outlines an investment strategy for NTDs and analyzes the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs following the adoption by the 66th World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on NTDs. The report consists of four main sections on: the Resoluti...[Read full description]February 2015Disease, Drinking water, Equity, Financing, Health, Hygiene, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1109This booklet contains 50 innovative solutions in the field of water and development. The innovations were created with their global partnership network to develop, implement and validate novel solutions that ultimately aim to improve the quality of life on the planet. Innovations are often of a technological nature, but their adoption also has social, economic, environmental, governance, institutional and political dimensions. The research-based innovations originate from the six research themes of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organ...[Read full description]February 2015Accounting, Aquaculture, Arid zones, Coastal zones, Desalination, Drought, Floods, Hygiene, Infrastructure, Irrigation, Monitoring, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Technology, Urban areas, Utility services, Water management, Water supply, Water treatmentUNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Educationhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1095This guidance note aims to explain key features of the irrigation subsector and identify entry points for mapping governance risks. It is part of a series of guidance notes for selected sectors and subsectors of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The guidance note offers a framework for mapping governance risks to inform the preparation of future country partnership strategies, and supplements ADB's Guidelines for Implementing the Second Governance and Anticorruption Action Plan. Section 2 highlights the significance of irrigation and its challenges. Section 3...[Read full description]February 2015Agriculture, Capacity building, Corruption, Financing, Irrigation, Risk management, Water governanceAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1121The present publication collects the proceedings of the Conference'Public Participation and Water Resources Management: Where Do We Stand in International Law?' organized by the Platform for International Water Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Geneva at the Palais des Nations on 13 December 2013. This Conference was organized in partnership with the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) with the financial support of the Swiss Nations Fund for Scientific Research (SNF). The proceedings have been published by the UNESCO Internation...[Read full description]January 2015Community participation, Conflicts, Energy, Human right to water and sanitation, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Participation, Public policy, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water conservation , Water managementUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1107For the purpose of the 2015 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2015 focusing on 'Water and Sustainable Development', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief looks at the role of water in achieving sustainable development. It analyses the interlinkages between water and agriculture, industry, energy, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), ecosystems, urbanization and climate change.January 2015Agriculture, Climate change, Ecosystems, Energy, Hygiene, Industry, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urbanization, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1105For the purpose of the 2015 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2015 focusing on 'Water and Sustainable Development', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief presents the current commitments to progress, challenges and tools for implementation in relation to WASH.January 2015Capacity building, Economic instruments, Financing, Hygiene, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Technology, Water availability, Water governance, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1103For the purpose of the 2015 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2015 focusing on 'Water and Sustainable Development', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief presents the current commitments, challenges and tools for implementation in relation to water resources management.January 2015Capacity building, Economic instruments, Financing, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Technology, Water governance, Water management, Water scarcityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1101For the purpose of the 2015 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2015 focusing on 'Water and Sustainable Development', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief presents the need to manage water risks, as well as the current commitments, challenges and tools for implementation in relation to risk management in water and sanitation.January 2015Capacity building, Economic instruments, Financing, Risk management, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Technology, Water availability, Water governance, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1099For the purpose of the 2015 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2015 focusing on 'Water and Sustainable Development', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief presents why water quality matters, as well as the current commitments, challenges and tools for implementation in relation to water quality and protection of ecosystem services.January 2015Capacity building, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Financing, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Technology, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1094This guidance provides companies with practical measures on how to bring a human rights lens to their existing corporate water stewardship practices. It aims to help companies translate their responsibility to respect the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) into their existing water management policies, processes, and company cultures. It complements related efforts to clarify the obligations and responsibilities of other actors (particularly states and public or private water and sanitation service providers) with regard to the HRWS. The report is de...[Read full description]January 2015Communication, Community participation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Human right to water and sanitation, Participation, Private sector participation (PSP), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Risk management, Sanitation, Water managementUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1079This study presents evidence on the costs and benefits of sanitation improvements in different programmatic and geographical contexts in Southeast Asia. It aims to promote evidence-based decision making to increase the volume, effectiveness, and sustainability of sanitation expenditure in Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Vietnam and Yunnan Province (China). This evidence enables explicit comparison of sanitation options on the basis of their relative merits and thus informs both public and private decisions on sanitation investment.January 2015Economic impact, Financing, Investments, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Tourism, Urban areasWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1073This annual report delivers key insights about the 2030 Water Resources Group (WRG) partner countries progress in the year 2013. It identifies focus areas where projects and programs will soon take shape to ensure a sustained change process. Through its work, the 2030 Water Resources Group is developing replicable models for public private- civil society engagement on water sustainability.January 2015Communication, Environment, Financing, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sustainable development, Water demand, Water governance, Water security, Water supplyhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1070This paper summarises the case for linking the development of the financial system with green and inclusive policy objectives, highlights emerging innovation across the world, and offers a set of questions and themes to frame inputs and feedback to the Inquiry's work. This paper is based on an initial mapping of existing efforts to align the rules that govern the financial system with a green and inclusive economy, as well as inputs from the Inquiry's Advisory Council and dialogue with policymakers, financial institutions and civil society organisations. It i...[Read full description]January 2015Financing, Green economy, Sustainable developmentUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1071This booklet is a manual for GIS and remote sensing practitioners that provides a step-by-step method for communicating the scientific findings of time-series satellite imaging studies to a wide lay audience. It makes creative use of environmental stories, satellite images, aerial photos, maps and pictures to illustrate environmental change in a clear and comprehensible way. The ultimate aim is to make the scientific evidence compelling enough to stimulate sound environmental policy-making. This manual will be especially useful in learning how to effectively ...[Read full description] 2014Environment, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Information and dataUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1066This document is one of the outcomes of a joint research initiative called Transcultural Transparency. It focuses on how to overcome sociocultural clashes between communities, service providers, development co-operation actors and local authorities, particularly in areas with large groups of indigenous peoples. It poses recommendations on how to implement an intercultural approach throughout the project cycle in rural water and sanitation projects with indigenous peoples, focusing in Latin America. The recommendations made in the document apply to any work on...[Read full description] 2014Drinking water, Gender, Participation, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Technology, Traditional knowledge, Vulnerable groups, Water supplyStockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), UNDP Water Governance Facilityhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1063The purpose of the Water User Interface Platform (Water UIP) is to provide the necessary structure and processes to identify and respond to the needs of the water sector at all levels, in order to improve sector performance and management through the fuller use and understanding of climate information. This exemplar details the functioning of the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach. This Water UIP plan outlines the general structure for partnerships and leadership, guiding needs, and opportunities to support and enhance climate informed deci...[Read full description] 2014Climate change, Communication, Financing, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Monitoring, Risk management, Water managementWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1059"In 2013, a Technical Task Force meeting of the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation was convened to consider how improved measures of water quality and water system safety could be used to improve water safety in the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goal era. While the MDG to halve the number of people without access to safe water was achieved, questions remain regarding the quality of these new water sources. Due to technological limitations at the time of the formulation, the MDG target made use of a proxy indicator for w...[Read full description] 2014Capacity building, Drinking water, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Technology, Water management, Water quality, Water supply, Water treatmentWHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1023The objective of this discussion paper was to provide background for discussions of the UNESCO-IHP Side-Event on "Water in the Post-2015 Development Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals" during the 21th session of the Intergovernmental Council of IHP (18-20 June 2014, UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, France). The paper looks at 5 integral points, the first gives the basis of the discussion background: defining the post-2015 development agenda; followed by Water: A key for Sustainable Development which discusses water in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ...[Read full description] 2014Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1018The UNEP Yearbook compiles data on all areas of UNEP's work, divided into 10 chapters that cover different emerging issues. The chapter 'Excess Nitrogen in the Environment' focuses on the consequences of pollutants in the water cycle whereas the chapter 'The emergence of infectious disease' demonstrates the importance of access to clean water and sanitation in the battle against the spread of disease. The combination of different areas of focus demonstrates the diverse roles water and sanitation play. 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Climate change, Disease, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Health, Land management, Pollution, Resilience, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledge, Water cycleUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=984Local and indigenous knowledge is yet to be included in policies on disaster risk reduction or climate change adaptation, and the wealth of documented knowledge and practices have not led to increased efforts to make use of this knowledge to enable communities to increase their resilience. A project officially launched in 2011 focussing on local and indigenous knowledge related to hydrometeorological hazards and climate change in Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor-Leste addresses this gap. This publication begins with an introduction of the background, basi...[Read full description] 2014Adaptation, Agriculture, Aquaculture, Climate change, Communication, Disasters, Dissemination of scientific knowledge, Education, Gender, Information and data, Resilience, Risk management, Small islands, Technology, Traditional knowledge, VulnerabilityUNESCO Office in Jakartahttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=981This study challenges the idea that dryland areas over the world are often considered as 'wastelands' as they are characterized through their scarce water resources, poor organic soils, low biological productivity, and extreme climatic conditions. Scientists from ten countries - Belgium, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, China, Egypt, India, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Jordan, Pakistan and Tunisia - studied dryland ecosystems from a research, environmental conservation and sustainable development perspective and detail 9 case studies from 9 of these countries -excludi...[Read full description] 2014Agriculture, Arid zones, Community participation, Drylands, Ecosystems, Groundwater, Livelihoods, Perceptions, Sustainable development, Technology, Water scarcity, Water supply, WatershedsUNESCO- Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB), United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=936This strategy paper is rich in examples that demonstrate the practicability of the street-led slum upgrading approach that UN-Habitat is advocating for. It showcases the incremental street-led development and transformation of slums that builds on the fundamental notion of streets being the stepping stone in improving the quality of life and living conditions in slums. The paper is presented in two parts: The conceptual framework and the Practical framework, throughout these parts there is continued reference to the importance of access to clean water and san...[Read full description] 2014Community participation, Disasters, Drinking water, Gender, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Land management, Participation, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=928This report presents a synthesis of studies conducted in the framework of the Cubango-Okavango River Basin Water audit (CORBWA). This water audit is part of a larger project 'Coping with water scarcity: the role of agriculture ¿ developing national water audits in Africa' On the supply side, the audit provides information about water availability. On the demand side, it gives a detailed picture, on how water is used, for which purpose and with which value. The audit intends to assess the status and trends of water resources; evaluate water demand trends and a...[Read full description] 2014Agriculture, Auditing, Economic instruments, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Monitoring, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water demand, Water policy, Water scarcity, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=921This report analyses the emerging challenges and risks to which urban and rural Africa are being exposed with a view to facilitating discussions at regional, national and local levels on how best to address the challenges ahead and apply solutions that are innovative, location-specific and effective. It contains 6 chapters that study the different regions of the African continent, with the sub-categories Social and Environmental vulnerabilities and Emerging Issues focussing on the water and sanitation challenges faced in each. 2014Climate change, Environment, Informal settlements, Risk management, Sanitation, Slums, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=904This report has three objectives. The first is to identify targeted policy and infrastructure interventions in inland waterway transport (IWT) and coastal shipping that can enhance the competitiveness and environmental sustainability characteristics of Vietnam's freight transport system. The second objective of the report is to estimate the economic benefits and costs associated with the interventions identified, and to use that information to produce a prioritized list of evaluated recommendations for implementation. Finally, the report seeks to info...[Read full description] 2014Coastal zones, Industry, Infrastructure, Investments, Pollution, Shipping, Sustainable development, Transport, Water policyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=903This compilation of documents is the o¿cial manual for the implementation of Sanitation Entrepreneur Training. This manual aims to provide a comprehensive reference for planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluations. It consists of four sections and appendices: background and training objectives; the pre-training phase; the training phase; post training (monitoring phase) and is meant to be used as a whole. This manual was developed by a team of facilitators and resource people who have experience in implementing training in provinces across Ind...[Read full description] 2014Monitoring, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=875This document complements the Aquaculture. Junior Farmer Field and Life School Facilitator's guide. The purpose of this module is to provide guidance, making available different exercises that facilitators can use as applicable, and adapt as necessary, to the specific socio-economic and cultural contexts and needs of each target group and country in which the module will be used. At the end of this module participants will: (1) be aware of different types of fish products; (2) better understand quality and safety issues; (3) develop a business approach to pos...[Read full description] 2014Aquaculture, Food security, Hygiene, Livelihoods, Risk managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=874This Toolkit is a companion document for the Planning for Climate Change Guide. The tools included are designed to help planners, or other project facilitators, to work through the planning framework in "Planning for Climate Change: A strategic values-based approach for urban planners". The toolkit contains four different modules: Module A: What's happening?; Module B: What matters most?; Module C: What can we do about it?; Module D: Are we doing it?. While the tools are best used in conjunction with the planning framework, every process will be different and...[Read full description] 2014Adaptation, Behaviour change, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Energy, Financing, Floods, Mitigation, Monitoring, Participation, Resilience, Risk management, Sanitation, Urban areas, Vulnerability, Water planning, Water scarcityUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=873This report was developed for city planners to better understand, assess and take action on climate change at the local level. Specifically targeted to the needs of planners and allied professionals in low and middle-income countries where the challenges of planning for climate change are particularly high. The guide's strategic, values based planning framework promotes a participatory planning process that integrates local participation and good decision-making. It provides practical tools for addressing climate change through different urban planning proces...[Read full description] 2014Adaptation, Behaviour change, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Energy, Financing, Floods, Mitigation, Monitoring, Participation, Resilience, Risk management, Sanitation, Urban areas, Vulnerability, Water planning, Water scarcityUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=852This guide provides insight into the critical role of aquaculture for food security. It provides details on the various types of aquaculture, the value of aquaculture as a means of livelihood diversification and business opportunity and the importance of careful planning. The module intends to provide flexible guidance to facilitators that can be adapted according to specific socio-economic and cultural contexts and the needs of each target group and country where it is used. This is a Junior Farm Field and Life Schools (JFFLS) module and complements other JF...[Read full description] 2014Aquaculture, Food security, Hygiene, Livelihoods, Risk managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1140This brief synthesizes the key findings from a workshop jointly sponsored by the Asian Development Bank and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). The workshop brought together 80 academics; researchers; industry practitioners; and members of the public and private sectors, civil society, and development organizations to study the current situation, discuss the gaps in women's leadership, and learn from good practices.December 2014Capacity building, Community management, Gender, Participation, Practices and habits , Public policyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1122This synthesis report takes stock of the negotiations on the post-2015 agenda and reviews lessons from pursuit of the MDGs. It aims to guide negotiations for a new global agenda centred on people and the planet, and underpinned by human rights. It comes at a crucial time as UN Member States proceed with negotiations on the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals. The report draws from and informs those continuing discussions. It identifies six essential elements for delivering on the SDG's: Dignity; Prosperity; Justice; Partnership; Planet and People. These e...[Read full description]December 2014Capacity building, Children, Ecosystems, Equity, Financing, Gender, Health, Human rights, Information and data, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Peacebuilding, Post-2015 agenda, Poverty, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), TechnologyUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1120This report summarizes the results of a series of studies, led by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with 14 leading research institutions, estimating the burden of disease caused by unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene in 145 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Sections 2, 3 and 4 summarize for drinking-water, sanitation and handwashing respectively the estimates of exposure in LMICs, the meta-regression results, and the resulting burden of diarrheal disease. Section 5 considers the integration of WASH interventions, while Section 6,...[Read full description]December 2014Disease, Drinking water, Health, Hygiene, Pollution, Poverty, Risk management, Sanitation, Water supply, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1116This report documents the pilot application of the guidance note for mainstreaming Water Safety Plans (WSP) in water projects supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) as piloted in the Chongqing Municipality in the Peoples' Republic of China. It seeks to promote systematic assessment and management of water safety risks from infrastructure construction to operation. It also summarizes challenges and lessons learned from the pilot.December 2014Infrastructure, Monitoring, Risk management, Rural areas, Urban areas, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1138This study aims to understand the water and poverty linkages in rural Asia in order to provide guidance for policies and investments in innovative water interventions and to mobilize government and civil society support. Through mapping the links between poverty and water, this study contributes to identifying those rural households that will benefit most from water interventions and those where water interventions will not have significant impacts on poverty levels. Chapter 2 presents the overall trends and transformations in water, poverty and agriculture i...[Read full description]November 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Children, Climate change, Community management, Gender, Groundwater, Investments, Irrigation, Livelihoods, Livestock, Poverty, Rural areas, Sustainable development, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water management, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1130This report summarizes the outcome of an attempt to combine the joint management of transboundary water resources and the development of recommendations on adaptation to climate change as a means of disaster risk reduction in Central Asia. It focuses on the Chu River and the Talas River, which flow through Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The report is an outcome of the project,'Strengthening cooperation on adaptation to climate change in transboundary basins of the Chu and Talas Rivers'.November 2014Adaptation, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Risk management, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water managementEnvironment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1119The November issue of the UN Environment Programme's (UNEP)'Our Planet' magazine focuses on the interactions between biodiversity, climate change and protected areas. The issue contains 11 feature articles and provides highlights of UNEP's work as well as country-level action on climate change mitigation and environmental conservation. The UN Environment Programme Executive Director, Achim Steiner, opens the publication. This is followed by feature articles by Ali Bongo Ondimba, President of Gabon, Anote Tong, President of Kiribati and Razan Khalifa Al Mubara...[Read full description]November 2014Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Coastal zones, Ecosystems, Environment, Forests, Green economy, Land degradation, Mitigation, Monitoring, Sustainable development, Urban areas, YouthUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1110The objective of the UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) is to monitor the inputs required to extend and sustain water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) systems and services. This includes the components of the 'enabling environment': documenting government policy and institutional frameworks; the volume, sources and targeting of investment; the sufficiency of human resources; priorities and gaps with respect to external assistance; and the influence of these factors on performance. A secondary goal is to analyse the ...[Read full description]November 2014Communication, Drinking water, Equity, Financing, Hygiene, Information and data, Investments, Monitoring, Public policy, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water availability, Water services, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1098This report aims to (i) propose an SDG indicator framework and principles for effective SDG monitoring that are for discussion and improvement; (ii) identify gaps that need to be filled so the world has a clear roadmap for monitoring the SDGs from their first day; and (iii) outline other ways to promote the data revolution. It outlines the rationale and criteria for indicators, including suggestions for how the data might be reported upon annually, with a first table summarizing the proposed'Global Reporting Indicators' and the suggested'Complementary Nationa...[Read full description]November 2014Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)United Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1093This report aims to galvanize attention and action by highlighting how preventable drowning is, and how collaboration across sectors ¿ be it health and rural development, fisheries, maritime or disaster risk management ¿ can save lives. Section 1 sets out key estimates and risk factors for drowning based on the most recent data available. It describes who is most affected, where, and how, and gives an overview of how tackling the drowning burden can be stepped up. Section 2 outlines 10 drowning prevention actions. Section 3 presents conclusions and recommenda...[Read full description]November 2014Coastal zones, Community management, Community participation, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Floods, Health, Livelihoods, Public policy, Resilience, Risk management, Rural areas, Water safety plans (WSPs)World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1082This report outlines current theories about why international water cooperation occurs and subsequently matches these theories with the identified factors that lead to cooperative events. Section 1 provides an overview of the report and the theoretical background on cooperation over transboundary aquifers by describing the transboundary aquifers of the world, summarizing current theories of cooperative water resources management, and generally describing instances of cooperation and conflict over transboundary aquifers. Section 2 extrapolates enabling factors...[Read full description]November 2014Conflicts, Groundwater, Peacebuilding, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water management, Water securityInternational Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1080This overview of the climate change economy in Latin America and the Caribbean is intended to present an analysis of climate change with reference to the creation of a sustainable development path. The study is divided in seven chapters. The second chapter looks at the potential impacts of climate change in various sectors, including water.November 2014Adaptation, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Coastal zones, Economic impact, Equity, Forests, Health, Mitigation, Private sector participation (PSP), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Risk management, Scenarios, Sustainable development, Urban areasEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1134This discussion paper explores how companies can go about conducting a water stewardship assessment and use it as the basis of their water-related collective action efforts. It selectively focuses on water stewardship action at the scale of local watersheds and aquifers, as pursued through collective action with the community of water users sharing those local water resources. Specifically, it introduces the concept of 'sufficiency' in managing water stress.October 2014Community participation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Groundwater, Participation, Private sector participation (PSP), Water governance, Water scarcity, Water security, WatershedsUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1085This fourth edition of the Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO-4) provides a mid-term assessment of progress towards the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, as well as the UN Decade on Biodiversity. It summarizes the latest data on the status and trends of biodiversity and draws conclusions relevant to the further implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.October 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Awareness raising, Biodiversity, Capacity building, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Forests, Knowledge management, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Participation, Pollution, Post-2015 agenda, Resilience, Risk management, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledgeSecretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1084This report examines water resource conflicts in the context of the Arab Spring. It contains comments and papers on: the state of water and politics in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region; the water-energy nexus and climate change; sectarianism and Middle Easter geopolitics; and nuclear non-proliferation. Among issues addressed is the proposed Red Sea-Dead Sea canal, which would be designed to rehabilitate parts of the Jordan River Basin as well as the relationship between energy and food demand and water supply.October 2014Climate change, Conflicts, Energy, Ethics, Food security, Public policy, River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Water management, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1075This document summarizes the key questions, recommendations and best practices regarding water, sanitation and hygiene management when dealing with Ebola Virus Disease. It reflects input and advice from microbiologists and virologist with expertise in the environment, environmental engineers, and those with practical knowledge about WASH in emergencies and disease outbreaks.October 2014Disease, Emergency situations, Environment, Health, Hygiene, Microbiology, Practices and habits , Sanitation, Wastewater, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1113This publication reviews efforts to define and identify how to deliver a land degradation neutral world as part of the post-2015 development agenda. The publication presents issues discussed by the Intergovernmental Working Group (IWG) about the follow up of the Rio+20 outcome. It examines the overlaps among the objectives of the three Rio Conventions (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, UNCCD, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC, and Convention on Biological Diversity, CBD), and notes benefits of adopting common lan...[Read full description]September 2014Biodiversity, Climate change, Desertification, Ecosystems, Land degradation, Land management, Livelihoods, Post-2015 agenda, Resilience, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1072This book summarizes alternatives to provide practitioners with the tools to adapt to the realities of climate change by following a decision-making process that incorporates bottom-up thinking. After considering the pros and cons of these practices, the book concludes with a framework for an adaptation approach in water resources management, planning, and investment.September 2014Adaptation, Climate change, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Investments, Resilience, Risk management, Sustainable development, Vulnerability, Water management, Water planningWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1062This report provides the guidance, methods, data, and analyses needed to assess water availability and needs in micro watersheds. It shows how to prepare short-, medium-, and long-term water investment and management plans on the basis of volume of surface and groundwater within a watershed and the needs of agriculture, people, and livestock. It also offers a practical approach based on real-life assessments that have helped planners decide on investments to develop and manage water. While emphasizing the need for assessing precise water availability and its ...[Read full description]September 2014Agriculture, Dams, Groundwater, Information and data, Investments, Livelihoods, Livestock, Monitoring, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water balance, Water demand, Water management, Water planning, WatershedsAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1052This handbook aims to clarify the meaning of the human rights to water and sanitation; explain the obligations that arise from these rights; provide guidance on implementing the human rights to water and sanitation; share some examples of good practice and show how these rights are being implemented; explore how States can be held to account for delivering on their obligations; provide its users with checklists, so they can assess how far they are complying with the human rights to water and sanitation. The target audiences for this Handbook are governments a...[Read full description]September 2014Drinking water, Equity, Financing, Human rights, Hygiene, Monitoring, Participation, Private sector participation (PSP), Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water planning, Water quality, Water supplyUN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitationhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1047This report presents progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) with concrete examples from around the world. As a cross-cutting theme, water and sanitation issues are highlighted in different sections of the report. September 2014Children, Disease, Drinking water, Education, Environment, Equity, Financing, Gender, Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Vulnerable groups, Water supplyUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1040This publication provides a synthesis of the importance of tropical mangroves to people. It provides a range of policy and management interventions that can be used to better protect, sustainably use and restore mangroves to ensure they continue to support the people who have depended on them for generations. The document is divided into five thematic chapters, with several case studies that present local studies which support the chapter messages. Each chapter is led by key chapter messages and closes by recommending further (online) resources for policy mak...[Read full description]September 2014Adaptation, Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Coastal zones, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Forests, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1038The Green Infrastructure approach refers to the natural or semi-natural systems that provide services for water resources management with equivalent or similar benefits to conventional (built) "grey" water infrastructure. This guide addresses one of the main barriers to widespread adoption of Green Infrastructure (GI) solutions: a general lack of awareness of the solutions and associated cost benefits. The case studies in this guide provide examples of GI options that address water management challenges, while delivering a number of significant co-benefits. T...[Read full description]September 2014Coastal zones, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Environment, Floods, Forests, Infrastructure, Investments, Rainwater harvesting, Risk management, River Basin Management, Urban areas, Water management, Water quality, Water supply, WetlandsInternational Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), The Nature Conservancy, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1035This white paper explores why action on sanitation is a moral imperative for companies around the world, and why there is also a good business case for making it so. It discusses the business risks resulting from a lack of sanitation, and the business opportunities and benefits offered by sanitation interventions. The paper focuses on unpacking the business drivers for action on sanitation as well as on presenting a framework for how companies can support sanitation objectives. September 2014Corporate Social Responsibility, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Education, Health, Hygiene, Open defecation, Risk management, Sanitation, Water supplyUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1033This discussion paper seeks to assert common definitions for water-related terminology. The paper summarizes key outcomes from a dialogue process through which participant organizations sought to work toward a mutual understanding on key questions such as: (1) Do "scarcity", "stress", and "risk" refer to three distinct, useful concepts in the context of corporate water stewardship?; (2) What specifically is meant by each term? How do organizations conceive of them differently?; (3) How do these terms relate to one another?; (4) How can these terms be used in ...[Read full description]September 2014Corporate Social Responsibility, Risk management, Water scarcityUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1032These Corporate Water Disclosure Guidelines seek to advance a common approach to corporate water disclosure that addresses the complexity and local nature of water resources. In order to achieve this overarching goal, the Guidelines: (1)identify common corporate water disclosure metrics that support harmonization and comparability over time and across companies; (2) provide guidance on how companies can assess the water-related topics that are the most relevant to them and their stakeholders (as well as how to report this assessment process); (3) describe how...[Read full description]September 2014Accounting, Communication, Corporate Social Responsibility, Information and data, Risk management, Sustainable development, Water efficiency, Water management, Water scarcityUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1074This report examines the relationship between water and energy in Mongolia and the stress factors of urbanization and mining, in particular. The water¿energy nexus is examined at a national level and in two basins that are essential to Mongolia's immediate socioeconomic development and long-term prosperity: The Tuul River Basin and the Galba-Uush Doloodin Gobi Basin.August 2014Deserts, Energy, Food security, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Mining, River Basin Management, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water availability, Water balance, Water management, Water securityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1065This global review of formative research studies identifies a number of commonalities across countries and regions, as well as a number of emerging themes that positively and negatively influence sanitation behaviours. Although some differences are found across countries, in general themes coalesced around facets of opportunity, ability, and motivation. The document suggests a numbers of factors which serve to promote positive sanitation behaviours, including changing social norms, challenging perceptions of latrine affordability, fostering positive latrine a...[Read full description]August 2014Open defecation, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1048"This evidence-based study explores the opportunities, limits, costs, and benefits of different experiences of prepaid systems and their equity implications for serving urban poor communities. It provides urban utilities, oversight agencies, and other stakeholders in Africa with a basis for decision-making on the suitability, introduction, and management of prepaid meters. The report offers a tour of real-life cases in eight very different African cities: Kampala, Lusaka, Maputo, Maseru, Mogale City, Nakuru, Nairobi, and Windhoek. The study canvassed the pers...[Read full description]August 2014Children, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Equity, Gender, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Technology, Urban areas, Water governance, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1046Using projects conducted in various countries in sub-Saharan Africa, this publication shows, in myriad ways, the direct benefits of adaptation actions and their capability to provide transitional pathways to green growth and sustainable development. It also shows how concrete demonstration actions can provide solutions that can move countries and communities in Africa towards climate-resilient development. The first part of the booklet presents "snapshots" of the many elements of the climate change context (including water scarcity, agricultural production, ...[Read full description]August 2014Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Drought, Energy, Floods, Forests, Green economy, Health, Land management, Resilience, Risk management, Sustainable development, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1039The International Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation Utilities (IBNET) provides a set of tools that allows water and sanitation utilities to measure their performance both against their own past performance and against the performance of similar utilities at the national, regional, and global levels. The Blue Book is designed to raise awareness of how benchmarking and specifically IBNET tools can help enhance utility performance and thereby help to improve water and wastewater services. This issue summarizes water sector development in 2006¿11, des...[Read full description]August 2014Economic impact, Information and data, Monitoring, Sanitation, Utility services, Wastewater, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1036This report, focusing exclusively on Africa, has two key components. Chapter 1 provides an in-depth analysis of child demographic trends in Africa, for the region as a whole, by subregion, and country-by-country, and contextualizes some of these trends. Chapter 2 seeks to raise some key policy questions on the implications of Africa's child demographics for the continent itself and for the world. It addresses the fact that parts of Africa already face considerable shortages of vital services and resources such as water, food and energy. August 2014Children, Gender, Poverty, Urbanization, Water scarcity, YouthUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1034This document sets forth a summary of UNU-INWEH's strategy for addressing key global water challenges. The new approach focuses on knowledge exchange through research and strategic partnerships with universities and the private sector as key components. The plan presents the strategic priorities for 2015-2019, with a revamped organizational design and business model aimed at strengthening institutional capacity and impact over the next five years. Specific action items and estimated timelines (starting August 2014) for their completion are identified for each...[Read full description]August 2014Ecosystems, Financing, Food security, Hygiene, Knowledge management, Private sector participation (PSP), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=997This report brings together outputs from the UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2014, summarising contributions from different UN agencies and programmes, more than 120 experts, representatives of international companies in the water and energy sector, governmental and non-governmental organisations. An introduction provides insight into the interlinkages between water and energy and the prospects for a sustainable future. The report then examines the future of the water-energy nexus and partnership under 6 key headings: The UN and the Water-Energy Nexus; Water and...[Read full description]August 2014Energy, Industry, Participation, Sustainable development, Water efficiency, Water policyUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), United Nations University (UNU), UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1096This report aims to contribute to the discussion on how to assess and possibly improve agricultural water productivity. It presents findings from a first attempt to survey the agricultural productivity and efficiency literature with regard to the explicit inclusion of water aspects in productivity and efficiency measurements. The focus is on studies applying single-factor productivity measures, total factor productivity indices, frontier models, and deductive models that incorporate water.July 2014Agriculture, Irrigation, River Basin Management, Water efficiencyWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1053This report to the UN General Assembly focuses on the right to participation in the context of realizing the right to safe drinking water and sanitation, emphasizing that States have an obligation to ensure participation. The UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation seeks to provide guidance on what the right to participation requires, what elements are essential for ensuring active, free and meaningful participation, and what participation entails at various levels of decision-making.July 2014Drinking water, Equity, Financing, Human rights, Hygiene, Monitoring, Participation, Private sector participation (PSP), Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water planning, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations General Assembly (UNGA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1028The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations since 1998 has been issuing revised estimates and projections of the urban and rural populations of all countries in the world and of their major urban agglomerations, every two years. Accurate, consistent and timely data on global trends in urbanisation and city growth are critical for assessing current and future needs with respect to urban growth and for setting policy priorities to promote inclusive and equitable urban and rural development. This report contain...[Read full description]July 2014Rural areas, Sustainable development, Urban areas, UrbanizationUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1026This study looks at the successes in twinning between Water PNG (Papua New Guinea) and Australia's Water Hunter utility. The study looks at the project through conception and implementation, noting the successes and challenges encountered under the titles: water quality: top priority; tackling non-revenue water; managing assets better; benefits of utility partnerships; master planning; and summarises with success factors in water utility twinning.July 2014Nonrevenue water, Utility services, Water operators, Water quality, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1025This paper looks at a knowledge sharing initiative called Water Operators Partnerships in Asia and the Pacific, established by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The program twins an experienced mentor utility¿in this case Maynilad¿with a recipient utility, here Khulna WASA. Maynilad provides on-site training to improve the performance of Khulna WASA. The paper examines the potential of the initiative under the titles: the challenge of expansion; learning from the mentor; from theory to practice; mutual exchange; and finally a summary of ADB's role as facilita...[Read full description]July 2014Small-scale providers, Utility services, Water operators, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1017This book weaves a collection of ideas and concepts on how "change management" was used to transform the Manila Water Company into a world-class water utility service. It provides an insider's view of the transformation of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) using the public-private partnership (PPP) concept. This complete account of a water company transition is presented in 6 chapters: Overview; Corporate transformation: from public to private; Attaining sustainability: the building blocks for change; Attaining sustainability: the fruits ...[Read full description]July 2014Climate change, Corporate Social Responsibility, Investments, Privatization, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Resilience, Risk management, Sustainable development, Urbanization, Wastewater, Water efficiency, Water operators, Water supply, Water treatmentAsian Development Bank (ADB), Manila Water Companyhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1000The Pyanj, on the border between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, is a dynamic river system that has caused considerable damage to life and property in both countries due to flooding and riverbank erosion. Flood management efforts have often been short-lived and expensive to maintain, and have worsened hazards in adjacent areas because of the river's sudden shifts in channel position, rapid bank erosion, and continual meander growth. This report presents more sustainable approaches to better understand river processes and help anticipate how the river channel will...[Read full description]July 2014Floods, River Basin Management, Rivers, Sustainable developmentAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=999The present prototype global sustainable development report is the result of a collaborative effort of more than two thousand scientists and 50 staff from 20 UN entities from all world regions. The report illustrates a range of potential content and discusses potential overall directions for the Global Sustainable Development Report. The report maps sustainable development assessments and related processes, and identifies key remaining challenges to eliminate poverty and hunger; to feed, nurture, house, educate and employ the global population; to ensure peac...[Read full description]July 2014Climate change, Economic impact, Education, Energy, Investments, Land management, Livestock, Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Poverty, Scenarios, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), TechnologyUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=996The SIDS 2014 Partnership Briefs were prepared with the intent of contributing to preparation leading up to the partnership dialogues by: reviewing key priorities to SIDs; reviewing existing partnerships; identifying gaps which could inspire new partnership, focusing on public-private partnership. This brief looks at the priority area 'water and sanitation, food security and waste management' and highlights examples of existing partnerships based on the SIDs 2014 Partnership Platform. The brief summarises three points within the priority area: The challenges...[Read full description]July 2014Drinking water, Food security, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Small islands, Wastewater, Water supplyUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=988The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report, an annual assessment of regional progress towards the Goals, reflects the most comprehensive, up-to-date data compiled by over 25 UN and international agencies. The report acknowledges those MDGs that have already been met including access to clean drinking water and provides a statistical analyse of the future goals. In goal 7 'ensure environmental sustainability', target 7. C focuses on the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.July 2014Drinking water, Education, Environment, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=966Executive summary of Human Development Report 2014 "Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience".July 2014Resilience, Risk management, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Vulnerability, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=965The 2014 Human Development Report "Sustaining Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience" aims to help decision-makers and other development gains through policies which reduce vulnerability and build resilience. Much of the existing research on vulnerability has considered people's exposure to particular risks and is often sector-specific. This Report takes a different and more holistic approach. It considers the factors which contribute to risks to human development and then discusses the ways in which resilience to a broad group of evolving...[Read full description]July 2014Resilience, Risk management, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Vulnerability, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=963This report is a summary on groundwater monitoring practices in Latin America and provides a compilation of the information shared during the 3rd regional workshop of the Global Groundwater Monitoring Network. The report begins by describing the International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC) Global Groundwater Monitoring Network (GGMN) followed by a brief overview of each country to capture the current state of groundwater monitoring networks in Latin America and their main challenges.July 2014Groundwater, Information and data, Monitoring, Transboundary waters, Water managementUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=952This Atlas seeks to raise awareness of changing characteristics (frequency, location, severity) of weather, climate and water-related hazards and other challenges to collecting and analysing disaster risk information. It presents a worldwide analysis of extreme weather, climate and water events, drawing on the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT), compiled by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). The Atlas compares the reported impacts of meteorological, climatic and hydrological extremes (as categorised by CRED) on people and economi...[Read full description]July 2014Awareness raising, Climate change, Desertification, Disasters, Drought, Drylands, Environment, Floods, Information and data, Meteorology, Risk managementWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1118This meeting report presents the proceedings of the World Health Organization (WHO) Joint Expert Meeting on Water Quality and Health with support from the public utility board (PUB) of Singapore, held in Singapore from 5-7 June 2014. It focuses on the guidelines for drinking-water quality and discusses the post 4th edition activities.June 2014Drinking water, Health, Microbiology, Risk management, Water quality, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1097This report attempts to provide answers to the appropriateness, costs and requirements of the 2011 Hydropower Sustainability Protocol, as well as how it relates to existing procedures and standards for large infrastructure development. It also aims to shed light on the complementarity of the Protocol to existing World Bank policies and procedures and issues covered by its Environmental and Social Safeguards and Performance Standards, as well as to provide guidance on the Protocol's application by World Bank clients.June 2014Capacity building, Energy, InfrastructureWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1083This publication describes small-scale hydrogeological mapping activities, which started in Europe fifty years ago and successively covered the whole globe. The report consists of three major parts, on (1) Hydrological Maps, General Issues and Surface Water Maps, on (2) Groundwater Maps, Tools and Results and (3) the World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping Assessment Programme WHYMAP. An Annex contains the list of relevant literature and of meetings and their participants, to the extent names could be still found in reports and files.June 2014Groundwater, Hydrology, Risk management, Transboundary watersUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1027Water quality deterioration in distribution systems, mainly caused by inappropriate planning, design and construction or inadequate operation and maintenance and water quality control, has been linked to a significant proportion of the burden of waterborne and water-related illness. Stresses on these systems caused by rapid urbanization, population growth and aging infrastructure further exacerbates the problems. This reference tool has been developed to help water suppliers and regulators who are familiar with the Water Safety Plan (WSP) approach enhance the...[Read full description]June 2014Capacity building, Communication, Disease, Drinking water, Health, Infrastructure, Monitoring, Pollution, Risk management, Urban areas, Wastewater, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supply, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1022The purpose of this document is to provide stakeholders in Southeast Asian urban water supply and sanitation (meaning governments, utilities, consultants, donors, and non-government organizations) with a point of reference and some tools to move effectively and efficiently to improve both development and operational performance. It is a contribution toward ADB's overarching goal of poverty reduction.June 2014Information and data, Monitoring, Poverty, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Urban areas, Water governance, Water management, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1019This Annual Report summarises UNICEF's work during 2013, with specific reference to the implementation of the Strategic Plan to guide equity-focused work over the next four years across all priorities: child health, HIV and AIDS, water, sanitation and hygiene, nutrition, education, child protection and social inclusion - and cross-cutting issues like gender and early childhood development. The report covers a wide body of humanitarian work that refers consistently to the importance of water and sanitation in achieving UNICEF's goals.June 2014Children, Education, Equity, Gender, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Vulnerable groupsUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1006Executive summary of "State of the World's Forests 2014. Enhancing the socioeconomic benefits from forests".June 2014Climate change, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Food security, Forests, Health, Investments, Livelihoods, Poverty, Rural areas, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledge, Water conservation , Water securityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1005State of the World's Forests, which is published on a biennial basis, presents up-to-date information on key themes affecting the world's forests. This report addresses a crucial knowledge gap by bringing together and analysing data about the socioeconomic benefits of forests that has not been systematically examined before, through 4 chapters each providing a summary of key findings. The report acknowledges that forests also play a vital role in global climate change mitigation and contribute to soil and water conservation in many fragile ecosystems. The fir...[Read full description]June 2014Climate change, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Food security, Forests, Health, Investments, Livelihoods, Poverty, Rural areas, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledge, Water conservation , Water securityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1003Developed in collaboration with United Nations agencies, civil society and other organizations, the United Nations challenge badges are intended to raise awareness, educate and motivate young people to change their behaviour and be active agents of change in their local communities. The challenge badge series can be used by teachers in school classes and by youth leaders, and especially Guide or scout groups. The Soils Challenge Badge provides activities to aid understanding of natural environments and their ecosystems at three different age levels, between 5...[Read full description]June 2014Biodiversity, Climate change, Desertification, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Education, Environment, Land degradation, Land management, Poverty, Practices and habits Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=980"This colloquium summary is the continuation of a series of biennial international scientific meetings organized jointly by the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) of UNESCO and the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) in the fields of water resources research. The 11th Kovacs Colloquium took place on 16 and 17 June 2014 at UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, and addressed the emergence and development of water security concepts over the past decades, the state of present day ideas and opinions and looked to likely developments in the futu...[Read full description]June 2014Capacity building, Climate change, Energy, Hydrology, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Monitoring, Water availability, Water governance, Water management, Water operators, Water quality, Water securityUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=978"This information brief presents the results of a sector analysis and dialogue carried out during the implementation of the Monitoring Country Progress in Drinking Water and Sanitation (MAPAS) regional initiative in Honduras. It provides details on what the MAPAS initiative is and how it works, as well as highlights of the challenges faced. A combination of infographics and statistics give a detailed account of the financial analysis regarding investments in urban water and sanitation, followed by a MAPAS scorecard which demonstrates the average value...[Read full description]June 2014Drinking water, Hygiene, Investments, Monitoring, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=960This policy brief looks at the Sustainable Management of Marginal Drylands (SUMAMAD) project which began with a first phase running from 2003-2007, and a second phase from 2009 until 2013. The second phase of the project built on the successes of the first phase and focused on the following points included in the policy brief: the improvement of dryland agriculture and the rehabilitation of degraded lands; the promotion of sustainable livelihoods, and the development of policy-relevant guidelines for future land use. The brief uses multi-partner resea...[Read full description]June 2014Agriculture, Arid zones, Drylands, Investments, Land degradation, Land management, LivelihoodsUNESCO- Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB), United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=955This strategy explores the methods employed to achieve the goals set for UN-Water by 2020. It gives a complete account of the coordination mechanism's vision, mission and strategic directions; how to maximise potential through 'delivering as one' and stronger mechanisms towards success. The strategy concludes with a projection of what success might look like in 2020.June 2014Knowledge management, Post-2015 agenda, Sustainable development, Water managementUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=953The UNEPFI Principles for Sustainable Insurance (PSI) Initiative brings together insurers from around the world to help communities manage risk. The PSI Initiative's Global Resilience Project represents a phased approach to protecting communities from natural disasters. The report looks at disaster risk reduction measures assessed according to how much they cost, the economic benefits they bring and their potential to save lives and reduce the number of people adversely affected. The analysis also looks at downstream benefits and other advantages to communiti...[Read full description]June 2014Awareness raising, Climate change, Desertification, Disasters, Drought, Drylands, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Environment, Financing, Floods, Information and data, Land management, Post-2015 agenda, Resilience, Risk management, River Basin Management, Rivers, WetlandsUnited Nations Environment Programme Financing Initiative (UNEPFI)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=899The focus of this discussion paper are those companies that engage externally to address water risks through a variety of means (often as a collective action with NGOs, government agencies, other businesses, etc). This paper acknowledges the real threat of corporate policy capture and "greenwashing," as well as the inherent asymmetries in conceptions and realities of water risk. However, the paper argues that current conditions actually offer a much greater incentive for companies to align their water-related policies and practices with the public interest th...[Read full description]June 2014Capacity building, Conflicts, Development cooperation, Participation, Risk management, Sustainable development, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water management, Water policy, WatershedsUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1031This document is intended to contribute to a better understanding of Results-Based Financing (RBF) instruments and the conditions for success or failure of the approach in water. Given the broad variety of issues covered and the complexity faced by the water sector as a whole (from irrigation to flood protection, to water conservation and hydropower), concrete examples are provided in an attempt to make the document as practical as possible in guiding the design of future RBF schemes. Chapter 2 provides an analytical framework to explore if and when RBF can b...[Read full description]May 2014Ecosystem services, Energy, Financing, Floods, Forests, Infrastructure, Irrigation, Poverty, Risk management, Sanitation, Small-scale providers, Technology, Urban areas, Wastewater, Water scarcity, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=982This publication gives an overview of implementation of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) principles and water sector reforms in the countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. The report is structured in accordance with key IWRM principles and it describes the efforts to create institutional and legal frameworks and implement IWRM principles in these countries. It also details the contribution of National Policy Dialogues (NPDs) to this process, and provides conclusions and recommendations for the further development of the NPDs on ...[Read full description]May 2014Economic instruments, Ecosystems, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, Participation, River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Water governance, Water policyOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=945This guide provides ADB's perspective on asset management, as well as an overview of the concept, processes, and systems of asset management, followed by a presentation of case studies about what utilities have done to manage their assets, including the results achieved. It focuses on medium-sized and large operators and discusses techniques that apply to situations where asset types and conditions vary widely and in-house engineering and financial skills exist. It aims to provide a brief overview of the concept, processes, and systems of asset management, in...[Read full description]May 2014Financing, Risk management, Water management, Water operatorsAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=943This concept note is an analysis of the water-food-energy nexus starting with an explanation of what each focus area represents and how the complex interactions between all three can be managed. It asks "What is the added value of a nexus approach?" Followed by an exploration of the sustainability debate and the working areas of the water-food-energy nexus, through the following sub headings: A cross-sectoral and dynamic perspective; Is the concept of the Water-Food-Energy nexus just "some old wine in new bottles" or does it bring something new to the table? ...[Read full description]May 2014Energy, Food security, Participation, Scenarios, Sustainable development, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=922This new edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture highlights the significant role that fisheries and aquaculture play in eliminating hunger, promoting health and reducing poverty. This report is presented in four chapters, part 1 World review of fisheries and aquaculture, part 2 Selected issues in fisheries and aquaculture, part 3 Highlights of special studies and part 4 Meeting future fish demand: outlook and approaches. May 2014Aquaculture, Climate change, Community management, Food security, Health, Poverty, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=916This Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation report evaluates access to drinking-water and sanitation worldwide and progress towards related targets under Millennium Development Goal 7 "to halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation". Section 1 presents the status of and trends in access to improved drinking water sources and sanitation. Section 2 provides a snapshot of inequalities in access to improved drinking water sources and sanitation. Section 3 presents efforts to strengthen...[Read full description]May 2014Drinking water, Education, Equity, Hygiene, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Open defecation, Post-2015 agenda, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areasWHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=915This report outlines important suggestions by international experts to improve the health of those in prison and to reduce both the health risks and risks to society of imprisonment. In particular, it aims to facilitate better prison health practices in the fields of: (i) human rights and medical ethics, (ii) communicable diseases, (iii) noncommunicable diseases, (iv) oral health, (v) risk factors, (vi) vulnerable groups and (vii) prison health management. It is aimed at professional staff at all levels of responsibility for the health and well-being of detai...[Read full description]May 2014Disease, Drinking water, Health, Human rights, Hygiene, Sanitation, Vulnerable groupsWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=911This report explores a hybrid mechanism of microfinance, based on community networks and third party collateral for meso-scale loans, to provide a different financing model for small community water and sanitation supplies. Embedding these community water entities within local government structures provides a mechanism for sustainability and for eventual government management as part of the progressive realization of rights. The report approaches the question 'Why focus on rural Water and Sanitation provision in sub-Saharan Africa?' followed by details of the...[Read full description]May 2014Agriculture, Community participation, Financing, Rural areas, Sanitation, Water supplyUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=910The Little Data Book 2014 is the pocket edition of World Development Indicators 2014. It contains 55 key development indicators such as energy use and electricity use per capita, freshwater use, access to an improved water source and access to improved sanitation facilities. Information is presented by regional and income groupMay 2014Drinking water, Energy, Information and data, Sanitation, State of water resources, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=900This working paper describes the results of research conducted in Central Asia. The research on Water and Adaptation Interventions in Central and West Asia combined field observations with satellite-based data and created models to demonstrate the impacts of climate change on the hydrology of the Aral Sea Basin. The paper is presented in three parts Assessing Climate Change; Impacts of Climate Change which explores these sub categories ¿ Glaciers, Glacial Lakes, Water Resources, Future water Availability in Syr Darya and Amu Darya Basins, Floods, Permafrost a...[Read full description]May 2014Adaptation, Arid zones, Climate change, Drylands, Floods, Glaciers, Hydrology, Lakes, State of water resourcesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=891This publication aims at strengthening the capacity of farmers to adapt to climate change through land and water management among rural communities in three countries of Eastern Africa ¿ Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. It stresses the importance of investing in better soil health and water conservation. The analysis of the results from these pilot schemes identifies which technologies have proven to be better suited to particular regions. The publication is presented in two parts. Part 1 provides the framework consisting of the priority themes for climate chang...[Read full description]May 2014Adaptation, Agriculture, Aquaculture, Capacity building, Climate change, Community participation, Drought, Drylands, Floods, Food security, Forests, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Land management, Livelihoods, Rainwater harvesting, Water conservation , Water management, WatershedsFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1132This report outlines the proposal for the development of Mexico's Financial System for Water (Sistema de Financiamiento del Agua or SFA). Funded by the Spanish Fund for Latin America and the Caribbean (SFLAC) and the World Bank's Water Partnership Program (WPP), the report examines the SFA through basic concepts and its current legal framework, while offering suggestions on the existing instruments and mechanisms that could provide access to various sources of financial resources towards the water sector.April 2014Agriculture, Climate change, Disasters, Economic instruments, Financing, Legal aspects, Markets, Risk management, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water servicesWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1117This report summarizes the results of a day's meeting on'Many Hands: Harmonising Capacity, Knowledge and Documentation in Sanitation and Hygiene' organised by the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC), on November 2013, which brought together key partners from the water, sanitation and hygiene sector, including Plan International, WaterAid and UNICEF, among others. It focuses on water, sanitation and hygiene related capacity building in Asia and Africa. It also looks at the documentation, learning and knowledge systems required to achieve ...[Read full description]April 2014Capacity building, Hygiene, Sanitation, Water supplyWater Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1111This progress report presents a preliminary analysis of data that will be used for the 2014 UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) report. It uses data from 86 countries and 21 external support agencies (ESAs). The topics covered include the human right to water and sanitation, national policies and financing.April 2014Equity, Financing, Human right to water and sanitation, Monitoring, Public policy, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water servicesWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1060"The overall purpose of this meeting was to support the new European policy for health 'Health 2020'. The expert meeting discussed options for domains and indicators for objective well-being in Health 2020, as well as the theoretical and practical constraints affecting choices of indicators. In addition to the well-established requirements for indicators (face and construct validity, for example), a core requirement was that indicators should have reasonable availability across the 53 Member States in the WHO European Region. In practice, this proved to be a ...[Read full description]April 2014Education, Environment, Health, Information and data, Livelihoods, Sanitation, Sustainable developmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=994This information brief demonstrates the results of a sector analysis and dialogue carried out during the implementation of the Monitoring Country Progress in Drinking Water and Sanitation (MAPAS) regional initiative in Panama. It provides details on what the MAPAS initiative is and how it works, as well as highlights of the challenges faced. A combination of infographics and statistics give a detailed account of the financial analysis regarding investments in urban water and sanitation, followed by a MAPAS scorecard which demonstrates the average value of rur...[Read full description]April 2014Drinking water, Hygiene, Investments, Monitoring, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=961This information brief presents the results of a sector analysis and dialogue carried out during the implementation of the Monitoring Country Progress in Drinking Water and Sanitation (MAPAS) regional initiative in El Salvador. It provides details on what the MAPAS initiative is and how it works, as well as highlights of the challenges faced. A combination of infographics and statistics give a detailed account of the financial analysis regarding investments in urban water and sanitation, followed by a MAPAS scorecard which demonstrates the average value of ru...[Read full description]April 2014Drinking water, Hygiene, Investments, Monitoring, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=954This assessment report provides a better understanding of climate change threats to the project infrastructure. It also provides project stakeholders with information necessary for consensus building for the adoption of a robust approach to responding to climate change. The study illustrates that a constrained time frame and limited resources may not be significant impediments to the undertaking of climate risk vulnerability assessments, which can provide valuable information at the project design stage to increase the climate resilience of large investment p...[Read full description]April 2014Adaptation, Climate change, Financing, Floods, Infrastructure, Resilience, Risk management, Rivers, VulnerabilityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=942This paper uses a quasi-experimental approach to provide evidence on the electoral effect of government economic transfers as compensation for the damage caused by a natural shock: severe drought on rain-fed agricultural regions. Exploiting the discontinuity in payment of a government funded climatic contingency aid program in Mexico, it shows that voters reward the incumbent presidential party for delivering drought relief compensation. Its estimates suggest 7.6 additional percentage points for the presidential incumbent's share of votes in those electoral s...[Read full description]April 2014Agriculture, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Financing, Resilience, Rural areas, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=937The objective of this case study is: (i) to develop tools for assessing climate change impacts on the operation of hydraulic infrastructure such as regulating dams and hydropower plants in the Sanaga river basin, and (ii) to take steps towards an institutional framework for climate resilient water resources management in Cameroon. The aim of this initiative is to build resilience to climate risks into water management in general. The study includes three components: (i) developing suitable climate change scenarios for the Sanaga basin,...[Read full description]April 2014Climate change, Dams, Energy, Infrastructure, Resilience, Risk management, Scenarios, State of water resources, Vulnerability, Water availability, Water managementWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=934This report looks at the development of River Basin Organisations (RBOs) in terms of availability of data, logical demarcation, adequate organisational design, clear mandates, stakeholder participation and transparent decision-making, integrated planning systems and capacity building amongst others. It contains five central chapters including a background on IWRM, Justification for river Basin Management through River Basin Organisations, Types of River Basin Organisations, Decentralisation and Subsidiarity and Development of River Basin Organisations. April 2014Capacity building, Cost recovery, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, Participation, River Basin Management, RiversUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=917This reader is intended for all those interested in getting familiar with issues related to water and health. The reader provides basic references for easy reading and some of the latest and most relevant United Nations publications on the issue. The publications are categorised according to overview; drinking water quality and risk management; water quantity; avoiding water-related diseases; water, health and economics; waste and wastewater management and by regionApril 2014Disease, Drinking water, Economic impact, Health, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Risk management, Sanitation, Wastewater, Water quality, Water scarcityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=913The magazine features stories by leaders from local and national governments, companies, and international organizations on a wide range of topics, including green growth, energy access, low-carbon development, and the conservation of water, forests and biodiversity. In particular the article 'Achieving more with Less' focuses on access to clean water as the world¿s biggest future challenge, citing the consequences of water scarcity, poor water quality and inadequate sanitation as impacting factors on food and energy security as well as health and livelihood. [Read full description]April 2014Biodiversity, Climate change, Energy, Forests, Green economy, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water efficiency, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=912Globally, the great majority of urban dwellers, especially poor people, rely for their sanitation on non-sewered systems that generate a mix of solid and liquid wastes generally termed fecal sludge. In poor and rapidly expanding cities, fecal sludge management represents a growing challenge, generating significant negative public health and environmental risks. Without proper management, fecal sludge is often allowed to accumulate in poorly designed pits, is discharged into storm drains and open water, or is dumped into waterways, wasteland, and unsanitary du...[Read full description]April 2014Disease, Environment, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, State of water resources, Urban areas, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=908This information brief looks at the intangible connections between availability of safe drinking water and sanitation as some of the world's most urgent issues. It exams the individual health risks of safe water, providing statistical evidence and goes on to explain the UN commitment to Water and Sanitation through the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It provides an outline of the 'future we want' in terms of the MDGs and some recommended measures to help achieve it including information monitoring services and drinking water safety plansApril 2014Drinking water, Health, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Risk management, Sanitation, Water qualityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=905The Handbook is a guide to pre and post disaster response management. Chapter 10 examines the implications for Water and Sanitation in 5 sections, first providing some general considerations. It then presents the procedures for estimating damage to water and sanitation systems through information on national institutions and information on each system of the sector in the affected territory. Part 3 'Estimating damage to drinking water and sanitary sewer systems, solid waste collection and disposal and flood control structures' contains 4 categorical considera...[Read full description]April 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Environment, Floods, Gender, Health, Infrastructure, Mitigation, Sanitation, Tourism, Transport, Valuation, Water securityEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=902This study seeks to estimate and quantify the total economic costs of the inadequate water supply and sanitation situation in Kiribati¿s main urban centre, South Tarawa. It also aims to demonstrate that vulnerable groups such as women are most likely to bear a disproportionate amount of the economic costs associated with low levels of access and poor quality of basic water supply and sanitation services. It is intended to be used to inform the design of reforms in improving the urban water supply and sanitation sector performance as a means of supporting more...[Read full description]April 2014Aquaculture, Awareness raising, Economic impact, Gender, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Tourism, Vulnerable groups, Water quality, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=901This report analyses water related coordination mechanisms in 13 countries representing differing humanitarian and development situations and geographic locations. The information collected has been supplemented by selected case studies on coordination provided by UN-Water Members and Partners and an examination of the literature on coordination mechanisms of government for water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and water resources management. It includes an introduction by UN-Water which explains the scope, purpose and benefit of its work, a summary of ...[Read full description]April 2014Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water cooperation, Water management, Water supplyUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=856The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) consists of Cambodia, the People's Republic of China (PRC, specifically Yunnan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region), the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam. In 1992, with the assistance of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the GMS countries launched the GMS Economic Cooperation Program to strengthen economic links between them. This study summarizes a recent major initiative to assess the initial impact of ADB-supported projects under the Greater Mekong Subregion Program.April 2014Capacity building, Communication, Development cooperation, Disease, Health, Participation, Tourism, Transport, Water cooperationAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=964This report summarises the goals achieved by the Global Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance and its Secretariat during 2013. The report introduces the creation and adoption of GWOPA's 2013-2017 Strategy. The Strategy pulls together and rationalizes the work that GWOPA had been doing in a more organic fashion than before, presenting it in a coherent and results-oriented framework that allows the GWOPA members, partners and Secretariat to work together towards its realization. The Strategy has begun to reframe GWOPA's work, with this annual report following ...[Read full description]March 2014Communication, Financing, Knowledge management, Water operatorsGlobal Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance (GWOPA), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=929This document provides a statistical framework consisting of a comprehensive set of tables and accounts, which guides the compilation of consistent and comparable statistics and indicators for policy making, analysis and research. It is a multipurpose conceptual framework for understanding the interaction between the environment and the economy. By providing internationally agreed concepts and definitions on environmental-economic accounting, it is an invaluable tool for compiling integrated statistics, deriving coherent and comparable indicators and measurin...[Read full description]March 2014Accounting, Economic instruments, Energy, Environment, Information and data, State of water resources, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Valuation, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations (UN), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=914This report includes the concept paper and presentations given during the Pacific and Caribbean Conference on Effective and Sustainable Regulation of Power and Water Services in Nadi, Fiji, on 25-27 March 2014. The conference promoted South-South cooperation on effective and sustainable regulation of electricity and water utility services in small island countries in the Caribbean and the Pacific. The concept paper looks at how Pacific islanders need access to adequate, safe water for domestic and commercial uses, such as drinking, sanitation, commercial deve...[Read full description]March 2014Drinking water, Energy, Sanitation, Small islands, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Water cooperation, Water services, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=884This field guide provides a step-by-step introduction to the Water Safety Plan (WSP) approach and a range of ready-to-use templates to assist those locally involved in rural water supply to develop and implement their own WSPs. The field guide particularly addresses the rural community members responsible for the operation and management of their water supplies, as well as the staff of the local health and water supply offices responsible for safeguarding drinking-water quality and nongovernmental organizations that support drinking-water safety in rural comm...[Read full description]March 2014Capacity building, Community management, Community participation, Drinking water, Health, Monitoring, Risk management, Rural areas, Sanitation, Water management, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=883This document summarizes the latest proposals for post-2015 targets developed by global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) stakeholders. In May 2011, anticipating the debate that would inevitably arise about what should succeed the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF convened a global stakeholder meeting to consider which targets and indicators would be appropriate for drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) post-2015.March 2014Drinking water, Equity, Health, Human right to water and sanitation, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Open defecation, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Water availability, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=882The 5th edition of the United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR 2014) examines the close interdependency between water and energy. The report demonstrates how water and energy are closely interconnected, the choices and actions made in one domain greatly affecting the other; it addresses a wide range of key issues, including agriculture, cities, industry, infrastructure and the environment. Volume 1 provides a comprehensive overview of major and emerging trends from around the world, with examples of how some of the trend-related challenges have be...[Read full description]March 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Behaviour change, Capacity building, Climate change, Conflicts, Dams, Desalination, Drinking water, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Food security, Green economy, Industry, Information and data, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), State of water resources, Technology, Urban areas, Water availability, Water cooperation, Water demand, Water efficiency, Water policy, Water scarcityUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=881The 2013 Annual Report lays out the highlights of UNEP's work in 2013, focusing on UNEP's achievement in the key focus areas of Climate Change; Disasters and Conflicts; Ecosystem Management; Environmental Governance; Harmful Substances and Hazardous Waste; Resource Efficiency; and Sustainable Consumption and Production. There is specific reference to the impacts on and necessity for water, the human reliance upon this resource and the scarcity caused by our changing environment. Water as a theme runs throughout, but is more clearly summarised under the title ...[Read full description]March 2014Climate change, Disasters, Ecosystems, Environment, International trade, Resilience, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water efficiency, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=876This paper presents a study conducted in Bangladesh, which quantifies the prospective relationship between climate-induced changes in sea level, temperature, rainfall, and altered riverine flows from the Himalayas, and the spread and intensity of salinisation on river water in the coastal zone by 2050. The research takes into account the projected land subsidence of the Ganges Delta, as well as alternative scenarios of upstream withdrawal of freshwater. The findings indicate that climate change will cause significant changes in river salinity in the southwest...[Read full description]March 2014Adaptation, Aquaculture, Awareness raising, Climate change, Coastal zones, Drinking water, Environment, Groundwater, Irrigation, River Basin Management, Scenarios, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water scarcityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=872The 2nd volume of the Compendium of Best Practices on Rural Sanitation is a continuation of the 1st volume, titled 'From Dreams to Reality', released in 2010. The 16 success stories documented in this Compendium can be lessons of inspiration and serve as models for various Gram Panchayats, Districts, and States across India in overcoming hurdles and obstacles in rural sanitation in various fields as diverse as Community Participation, Sustainability, Resource Mobilization, Solid and Liquid Waste Management, Program Implementation, Information, Education and C...[Read full description]March 2014Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Communication, Community management, Community participation, Disease, Education, Financing, Hygiene, Monitoring, Open defecation, Participation, Practices and habits , Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water management, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=871This report intends to emphasize how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can overcome some of the challenges faced in the water sector when there is proper stakeholder involvement. The report showcases the significant roles stakeholders can play in the area of ICTs and Smart Water Management (SWM) and provides some initiatives and their accomplishments. It contains case studies selected to highlight how ICTs can be incorporated to address issues related to the current global water crisis, such as water security, water accessibility, climate chan...[Read full description]March 2014Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Development communication, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Infrastructure, Participation, Technology, Water availability, Water management, Water scarcity, Water securityInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=865This publication showcases a compilation of project briefs culled from case studies of good practices, new approaches, and working models on sanitation and wastewater management from different countries in Asia and the Pacific. This compilation of good practices and working models intends to show that sustainable sanitation is possible, and aims to inspire replication, institutionalization of sanitation both in policy and practice, and scaling up of investments. Cases analyzed demonstrate solution options from which useful lessons can be derived and are prese...[Read full description]March 2014Agriculture, Aquaculture, Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Coastal zones, Community participation, Energy, Financing, Groundwater, Human rights, Hygiene, Pollution, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Recycling, Rural areas, Sanitation, Slums, Technology, Tourism, Wastewater, Water treatmentAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=857This report considers the vulnerability and exposure of human and natural systems, the observed impacts and future risks of climate change, and the potential for and limits to adaptation. The report consists of two volumes: Vol. 1 'Global and Sectoral aspects'; Vol. 2 'Regional aspects', as well as a cross chapter resource. Compared to previous reports, this report assesses a substantially larger knowledge base of relevant scientific, technical and socioeconomic literature. The chapters of the report assess risks and opportunities for societies, economies and...[Read full description]March 2014Adaptation, Climate change, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Environment, Food security, Health, Livelihoods, Mitigation, Poverty, Resilience, Risk management, State of water resources, Water conservation Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=944The World Development Indicators 2014 report provides a compilation of relevant and internationally comparable statistics about global development and the fight against poverty. It is intended to help users of all kinds ¿ policy makers, students, analysts, professors, program managers, and citizens ¿ find and use data related to all aspects of development. Part 3 of the report `Environment¿, provides among others global data on internal renewable freshwater resources, access to improved water sources and access to improved sanitation services. This is followe...[Read full description]February 2014Economic impact, Environment, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=938This overview summarises UNICEF's Humanitarian Action for Children (HAC) in reflection of 2013 and throughout 2014. It includes detailed infographics demonstrating the distribution of children in crisis globally and the projected funding required for 2014. The largest part of the HAC focus goes to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) initiatives at 28% of the total spending. The overview provides a detailed insight into the structure of UNICEF's commitments and prioritiesFebruary 2014Children, Education, Financing, Health, Hygiene, Open defecation, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=920"This policy brief focuses on five global transitions first, the "urban population transition;" second, the" nutrition transition;" third, the "climate transition;" fourth, the "energy transition;"and, fifth, the "agricultural transition." It focuses on the most salient problems arising from these global transitions that can be ameliorated by specific policy instruments in the short term and discusses the global consequences of these five transitions through the effects on the nexus of food, water, energy and climate, concluding with a section entitled 'the w...[Read full description]February 2014Agriculture, Climate change, Energy, Environment, Food security, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water securityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=868This document provides specific non-binding guidance for the implementation of the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention) with regard to groundwater and facilitating the application of the principles of the Convention to transboundary groundwaters. The document comprises an introduction followed by nine model provisions, each accompanied by commentary. The Model Provisions reflect the current state of international water law with regard to transboundary groundwaters and also show, in the c...[Read full description]February 2014Groundwater, Lakes, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water policyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=867This case study describes the integration of women producers into agricultural investment programs in Zambia as well as how women's right to land influences women as it relates to the Irrigation Development Support Programme (IDSP) in Zambia. The study discusses the projects aim to develop irrigated agricultural land managed by smallholders, including emergent farmers and making sufficient water available to support large-scale commercial operations. It is comprised of two interlinked studies, the first in the internal paper "Integrating Women Producers and T...[Read full description]February 2014Agriculture, Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Capacity building, Community participation, Equity, Financing, Gender, Human rights, Investments, Irrigation, Land management, Monitoring, Participation, Water allocation, Water management, Water scarcityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=860This case study aims to highlight, within the context of a Gender Pilot of the Peru Sierra Irrigation Project, how women's different needs were identified to facilitate their access to training and to increase their participation in the management of water users' organizations (WUOs). It follows the diagnostic participatory discussions around the importance for communities to include women in water management. In response to these diagnostics and subsequent discussions, the water users resolved to set specific targets for becoming more inclusive organizations...[Read full description]February 2014Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Community participation, Gender, Irrigation, Livelihoods, Participation, Water management, Water User AssociationsWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=957This publication examines desertification as a cause of global conflict and instability and calls for urgent action to support communities in crisis. It explores the impacts desertification has on the lives of many under the titles: Food (in)security - Farming ourselves into extinction; Water (in)security - water scarcity triggers conflicts; Climate - changing the face of the earth changes the humanity; Migration - Fight or flee; National Security - breaking down; Inaction, recipe for International Political and Economic chaos; Securitizing productive land - ...[Read full description]January 2014Awareness raising, Climate change, Conflicts, Desertification, Deserts, Drought, Floods, Food security, Investments, Land degradation, Land management, Migration, Risk management, Water scarcity, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=919The purpose of this report is to assess the climate change impacts on water resources in Romania from an integrated, multi-sectoral perspective, and to recommend priority actions for addressing the identified risks and opportunities. The analysis is presented from an integrated water resources perspective, thereby including all pertinent water-related sectors, viz. municipal water supply and sanitation, industrial water supply, agriculture, energy generation, environment, and disaster management. The recommended priority actions are presented in the context o...[Read full description]January 2014Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Disasters, Energy, Environment, Financing, Industry, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Investments, Risk management, Sanitation, State of water resources, Water availability, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=887This guide is designed to give detailed advocacy advice through three main areas: learning, action and sharing. Although the information relates specifically to the World Water Day 2014 event, the guidance itself can be applied to any water and energy campaign as it contains a rich resource of facts and figures, specific messages and campaign materials relating to water and energy.January 2014Energy, Information and data, Investments, Participation, Sustainable development, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water supply, World Water DayUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=878This report highlights the critical role data and monitoring play in realizing children's rights. It contains data regarding the right to water and sanitation of children, specifically in the section 'All rights, Every child' and can be used as a resource for statistical information.January 2014Behaviour change, Children, Human right to water and sanitation, Human rights, Hygiene, Information and data, Monitoring, SanitationUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=877This report provides a detailed assessment of five public-private partnerships (PPP) projects, in an effort to evaluate the underlying rationale of the initiatives; the preparatory and bid process; key contract provisions; risk allocation and related issues that may have a bearing on the operational trajectory; and impact of the achievement of objectives. The five projects, in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh, provide a detailed analysis of the process, politics and preparation of PPP projects in India. They represent all PPP initiatives in urban wat...[Read full description]January 2014Financing, Information and data, Infrastructure, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Risk management, Urban areas, Water availability, Water efficiency, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=870This report focuses on the challenges of disaster risk in the Middle East and North African (MNA) region. It provides critical feedback to Governments and partners on efforts and processes required to make the region disaster resilient. It focuses on the human impact in the region of both floods and droughts, the consequences and suggested methods of disaster response. The overview analyses in depth the sources of vulnerability to natural hazards in the region, such as water scarcity, increasing climate variability and a fast growing population.January 2014Capacity building, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Emergency situations, Environment, Financing, Floods, Resilience, Risk management, Urban areas, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Water scarcityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=866This paper looks at the diminishing level of the Aral Sea and the multitude of economical, environmental and social problems this has caused. This is an interactive paper, with links to a video and interactive map as well as satellite images demonstrating the shrinking of the sea. The paper answers why this issue is important and provides the findings in support, demonstrating the status today plotted against previous years, the impacts and responses and concluding with the implications for policy.January 2014Arid zones, Biodiversity, Climate change, Desertification, Drought, Ecosystems, Environment, Livelihoods, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water cycle, Water governance, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=859This study examines the extent to which the national public water authority responsible for service delivery in Uganda's towns and cities - National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) - has been implementing a raft of policies explicitly focused on improving delivery of services to the urban poor. The study assesses the impact of pro-poor measures implemented by NWSC in Kampala since 2004, identifies the key factors that affected the outcomes of these policies and strategies, proposes areas for improvement, and identifies lessons that can be learned and sh...[Read full description]January 2014Capacity building, Drinking water, Informal settlements, Legal aspects, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water management, Water policy, Water services, Water supplyNational Water and Sewage Corporation (NWSC) of Uganda, World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP), World Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=858This convention, which was adopted in 1992 and entered into force in 1996, serves as a mechanism to strengthen international cooperation and national measures for the ecologically sound management and protection of transboundary surface waters and groundwaters. Furthermore, it provides an intergovernmental platform for the day-to-day development of transboundary cooperation. The Convention is open to all United Nations Member States. This document describes the amendments to the Convention with definitions of its structure and intentions in English, French an...[Read full description]January 2014Lakes, Monitoring, Transboundary waters, Water conservation , Water cooperation, Water governanceUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=855Summary for policy makers of report "Assessing global Land Use: Balancing consumption with sustainable supply".January 2014Agriculture, Climate change, Ecosystems, Energy, Food security, Human resources, Land degradation, Land management, MonitoringUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=854This report explores how the management of land-based biomass production and consumption can be developed towards a higher degree of sustainability across different scales: from the sustainable management of soils on the field to the sustainable management of global land use as a whole. Specifically, this report looks at the impacts of global trends - population growth, urbanization, and changes in diets and consumption behaviors - on global land use dynamics, considering the consequences for biodiversity, the supply of food, fibres and fuel, and the long-las...[Read full description]January 2014Agriculture, Climate change, Ecosystems, Energy, Food security, Human resources, Land degradation, Land management, MonitoringUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=840This publication discusses the challenges faced in accelerating access to improved water and sanitation services beyond the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. It examines the private sector provision of piped water services and on-site sanitation services in rural areas and small towns, with case studies from several countries. The preferences and circumstances of poor households and the performance of enterprises that provide services directly to them are examined, as are commercial and investment climate factors that may affect enterprises' actual o...[Read full description]January 2014Human right to water and sanitation, Infrastructure, Investments, Markets, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Poverty reduction, Private sector participation (PSP), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Tariffs, Water demand, Water policy, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=839This paper investigates the existence and size of benefits from access to sanitation on child health in rural India. It estimates two sources of benefits: a direct benefit a household receives when moving from open to fixed-point defecation or from unimproved sanitation to improved sanitation, and an external benefit (externality) produced by the neighbourhood's access to sanitation infrastructure. The paper is organized as follows: Section 1 introduces the study; Section 2 presents the motivation for trying to understand the source of benefits of sanitation;...[Read full description]January 2014Behaviour change, Children, Health, Hygiene, Open defecation, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=838This report looks at five case studies in India, which include: Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh; Nagpur, Maharashtra; Latur, Maharashtra; Aurangabad, Maharashtra; Mysore, Karnataka. A detailed review of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in water and sanitation in these developing cities was undertaken with great emphasis on the data necessary to build a conclusive study. The report intends to evaluate the underlying rationale of the initiatives; the preparatory and bid process; key contract provisions; risk allocation and related issues that may have a bearing on th...[Read full description]January 2014Financing, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Urban areas, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=835This reader provides a selection of basic references for easy reading and some of the latest and most relevant United Nations publications on water and energy issues. January 2014Energy, Green economy, Water efficiency, Water securityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=826For the purpose of the 2014 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2014 focusing on 'Water and Energy', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief looks at how success in economic growth requires harnessing the potential of ecosystems to satisfy the demands of water and energy. It investigates managing the environmental impacts of water and energy, some environmental effects of water and energy, ma...[Read full description]January 2014Economic impact, Economic instruments, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Risk management, Sustainable development, Water policy, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=824For the purpose of the 2014 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2014 focusing on 'Water and Energy', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief looks at access to water and energy as a precondition to economic progress and poverty alleviation. It discusses the two resources independently, but also looks at their reliance on each other. There is an exploration of the challenges faced in securing ...[Read full description]January 2014Economic impact, Economic instruments, Energy, Human right to water and sanitation, Poverty, Sustainable development, Water policy, Water security, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=822For the purpose of the 2014 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2014 focusing on 'Water and Energy', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief looks at how improving efficiency from both supply and demand sides would allow countries to reduce resource scarcity and maximize the benefits provided by existing water and energy infrastructure. It looks at the challenges faced, how to enable efficien...[Read full description]January 2014Economic instruments, Energy, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Water demand, Water efficiency, Water loss, Water management, Water policy, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=820For the purpose of the 2014 International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference and in preparation for World Water Day 2014 focusing on 'Water and Energy', the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools. This brief looks at the inter-linkages between and necessity of both water and energy in lifting developing countries out of poverty, as well as the pressure of developed countries that continue to grow and increase demand in both these resources. It discusses the ...[Read full description]January 2014Development cooperation, Energy, Poverty, Water demand, Water security, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=811This paper summarizes key findings and recommendations for a post-2015 global goal for water. The paper is the result of a broad technical consultation process among 31 UN-Water members and 36 partners, as well as a range of other stakeholders and aims to inform, provide advice and recommendations in support to Member States in their decision-making process on the post-2015 development agenda. It proposes a set of potential targets and indicators to support a dedicated global goal for water and contributes towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) consu...[Read full description]January 2014Disasters, Drinking water, Human right to water and sanitation, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Resilience, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Wastewater, Water governance, Water quality, Water securityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=833This Technical Report has been developed in an effort to provide basic know-how and the materials needed to plan, establish and operate water-quality monitoring systems on national levels but also with a view to improving access to water-quality data and information in transboundary basins and globally. It is largely intended for use by water-agency managers whose dominant technical background is in hydrology, meteorology, engineering or water-resources management, rather than water quality, but who are responsible for the effective monitoring of developments...[Read full description] 2013Agriculture, Disaster prevention, Drinking water, Hydrology, Information and data, Monitoring, Pollution, Water qualityWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=832This technical paper reviews the current status of on-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. It contains a) ten case studies on feeding and feed management practices carried out in seven selected countries of Asia (i.e., Bangladesh, China, India, Thailand, Viet Nam) and Africa (i.e., Egypt, Ghana) for eight species belonging to four major farmed species of freshwater finfish and shellfish: shrimp and prawns, Nile tilapia, striped catfish and Indian major carps; b) an analysis of the findings of these ten case studies and a case study for Indian majo...[Read full description] 2013Aquaculture, Legal aspects, Sustainable developmentFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=831This publication is a detailed account of the Mapping Systems and Services for Multiple Uses of Water Services (MASSMUS) methodology as a special module that addresses multiple uses of water. It is part of Mapping Systems and Services for Canal Operation Techniques (MASSCOTE), developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). They are presented to those wishing to understand the MUS concept and wanting to carry out specific assessments on water use in their own systems. 2013Agriculture, Aquaculture, Auditing, Drinking water, Energy, Floods, Industry, Irrigation, Livestock, Recreation, Shipping, Tourism, Urban areas, Water demand, Water management, Water planning, Water services, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=819The purpose of this guidance manual is to show how the value of ecosystem services can be estimated and incorporated into decision making. Specifically, it is designed to help a broad audience of conservation managers, government officials, private sector managers, NGOs, and statisticians to understand the available information on the values of ecosystem services and how this information can be transferred to inform the decisions that they make. The specific objective of the manual is to explain how the method of value transfer can be used to provide such inf...[Read full description] 2013Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, ValuationUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=817This publication delivers results from the project 'Transboundary cooperation and sustainable management in the Dniester River basin.' The project was led and implemented by three of the ENVSEC partners UNECE, OSCE and UNEP. The publication summarizes project activities and describes transboundary water monitoring, fish fauna conservation, information sharing on the basin level, public awareness, reducing vulnerability to extreme floods and climate change and the development and signing of the Moldovan-Ukrainian Dniester River basin Treaty. It aims to provide...[Read full description] 2013Awareness raising, Climate change, Floods, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Rivers, Transboundary waters, Water managementEnvironment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC), Organization Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=804The European Union Water Initiative takes a partnership approach with national Governments, donors, the water industry, nongovernmental organizations and other stakeholders. Through National Policy Dialogues (NPDs) in the countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia, the Initiative aims to strengthen coordination and cooperation between sectors to improve water management and facilitate more effective development assistance in the water sector. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, through the secretariat of the Convention on the Pr...[Read full description] 2013Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Water management, Water policyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=793Executive summary of report 'Vulnerability Assessment of Freshwater Resources to Climate Change: Implications for Shared Water Resources in the West Asia Region'. 2013Climate change, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=789"Seawater flooding after a severe storm or tsunami can damage wells and contaminate the groundwater. This technical note provides advice for rehabilitating wells in such circumstances. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced di...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Floods, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Pollution, Water quality, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=788"This technical note outlines ways in which excreta and urine can be managed during the early stages of an emergency, while long-term solutions are devised. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable f...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Open defecation, Sanitation, WastewaterWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=787"This Technical Note is a guide to the planning process of excreta disposal during the first two phases of an emergency. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and ...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Sanitation, WastewaterWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=786This technical note considers key issues relating to the effective and efficient use of tankers during an emergency. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygi...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=785This technical note explains why disinfection is important, why chlorine is used, how it works, how to test for its presence and where and when to test. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for f...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Water supply, Water treatmentWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=784This technical note explains why hygiene promotion is important in emergencies and describes how to carry it out. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygiene...[Read full description] 2013Communication, Disasters, Emergency situations, HygieneWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=783This technical note considers the minimum quantities of water that are required for survival in emergencies. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygiene prom...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Water demand, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=782"This technical note outlines the health implications of dealing with mass fatalities and priority actions that need to be considered when planning for the collection and disposal of the dead. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-in...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, HealthWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=781This technical note highlights the key issues to consider in managing solid waste during and shortly after a disaster. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hy...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, PollutionWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=780This technical note identifies the first steps to take towards rehabilitating a water treatment works after an emergency. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Infrastructure, Water supply, Water treatmentWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=779This technical note describes some of the most common and simple treatment options suitable for use during an emergency. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and ...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Hygiene, Water supply, Water treatmentWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=778This technical note examines the process of rehabilitating small-scale piped water distribution systems. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygiene promoter...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Infrastructure, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=777This technical note outlines a four-step approach to cleaning and disinfecting water tanks and tankers. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygiene promoters...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Infrastructure, Water quality, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=776"This technical note sets out the actions required to repair and rehabilitate a borehole after any disaster. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are relevant to a wide range or emergency situations, including both natural and conflict-induced disasters. They are suitable for field technicians, engineers and hygiene prom...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Water quality, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=775"This technical note sets out the actions needed to repair and rehabilitate a hand-dug well so that it can be returned to its former condition. The emergency repair and rehabilitation measures proposed are temporary and should be followed by measures for permanent rehabilitation. It is part of a set of four-page illustrated notes, originally prepared in 2011 and updated in 2013, provide practical, evidence-based recommendations in responding to immediate and medium-term water, sanitation and hygiene needs of populations affected by emergencies. The notes are ...[Read full description] 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Water quality, Water supplyWater Engineering Development Centre (WEDC), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=772Climate variability and change affect virtually all physical, biological and human systems on the planet. A major challenge of the research community is to provide relevant information to policymakers on vulnerability, impacts and adaptation in the context of a changing climate and to do so in a coherent and coordinated way. This report consists of 33 topics presented in three sections: Information to Support Policymaker Decisions, Systems and Regions and Emerging Topics. Each of the 33 topics includes a description of why the research is needed, followed by ...[Read full description] 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Energy, Participation, VulnerabilityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=770The WHO Regional Office for Europe organized a workshop in Trento, Italy, to enable participants to share experience in the management and communication of environmental risks such as those related to the lack of water and sanitation. This report builds on the presentations and discussions from the workshop and presents a series of key messages useful to regional and local authorities, as well as to risk managers in general. 2013Communication, Environment, Health, Participation, PerceptionsWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=769Poor waste management can lead to some significant environmental and health hazards. For example, leachate from waste can contaminate soil and water, open burning of waste can cause air pollution, and a failure to use recycled materials from waste means an acceleration of the depletion of raw' materials. In June 2012 the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development adopted, as part of the main outcome document, "The Future we Want", a call for countries to develop and enforce comprehensive national and local waste management policies, strategies, laws...[Read full description] 2013Recycling, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water treatmentUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=767This publication contains contributions from many of the speakers of a 2-day workshop on water allocation and green growth held on 22-23 November 2012 in Wageningen, the Netherlands. 2013Green economy, Resilience, Transboundary waters, Water allocation, Water management, Water scarcityNetherlands National Commission for UNESCO, Netherlands National Committee of the International Hydrological Programme (IHP-HWRP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=762This report provides an overview of roles, mandates and areas of work of United Nations agencies, along with the World Bank, to support local, national and regional efforts to reduce disaster risk. 2013Disasters, Risk managementUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=756This publication presents an overview of the people and places vulnerable to water stress related to the impacts of climate change in the Nile Basin. Satellite and other images provide striking visual evidence of the environmental changes taking place in each of the vulnerable regions identified. Data and information from detailed research provide evidence for the assessment. The report also includes analysis derived from multi-dimensional tools used at various geographic and political levels, from sub-national, national, and sub-basin to the entire Nile Basi...[Read full description] 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Hydrology, Vulnerability, Water availability, Water demand, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=746This Country Assessment Report for Vietnam investigates the capacity of the national hydrological and meteorological services (NHMSs) and recommends improvements through a regional approach. Initial assessments in the report show the cost-effectiveness of strengthening national hydro-meteorological services through regional cooperation for reducing adverse impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters and climate change which know no national boundaries. 2013Climate change, Disasters, Environment, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water management, Water qualityNational Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=745This Country Assessment Report for the Philippines investigates the capacity of the national hydrological and meteorological services (NHMSs) and recommends improvements through a regional approach. Initial assessments in the report show the cost-effectiveness of strengthening national hydro-meteorological services through regional cooperation for reducing adverse impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters and climate change which know no national boundaries. 2013Climate change, Disasters, Environment, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water management, Water qualityNational Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=744This Country Assessment Report for LAO PDR investigates the capacity of the national hydrological and meteorological services (NHMSs) and recommends improvements through a regional approach. Initial assessments in the report show the cost-effectiveness of strengthening national hydro-meteorological services through regional cooperation for reducing adverse impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters and climate change which know no national boundaries. 2013Climate change, Disasters, Environment, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water management, Water qualityNational Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=743This Country Assessment Report for Indonesia investigates the capacity of the national hydrological and meteorological services (NHMSs) and recommends improvements through a regional approach. Initial assessments in the report show the cost-effectiveness of strengthening national hydro-meteorological services through regional cooperation for reducing adverse impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters and climate change which know no national boundaries. 2013Climate change, Disasters, Environment, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water management, Water qualityNational Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=742This Country Assessment Report for Cambodia investigates the capacity of the national hydrological and meteorological services (NHMSs) and recommends improvements through a regional approach. Initial assessments in the report show the cost-effectiveness of strengthening national hydro-meteorological services through regional cooperation for reducing adverse impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters and climate change which know no national boundaries. 2013Climate change, Disasters, Environment, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water management, Water qualityNational Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=732The purpose of this study is to contribute to the process towards developing the Pacific integrated regional strategy for disaster risk management and climate change by 2015, and the global consultations for a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction. It also aims to contribute to the discussions held at the 2013 Joint Meeting of the Pacific Platform for Disaster Risk Management and the Pacific Climate Change Round Table. The study explores the drivers and process to develop Joint National Action Plans on Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change, pr...[Read full description] 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Disasters, Emergency situations, Legal aspects, Post-2015 agenda, Risk managementUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=729This 3rd edition of the UNESCO-WMO International Glossary of Hydrology builds on the pioneering efforts of the WMO Working Group on Terminology established in 1961, which evolved into the joint WMO/UNESCO Panel on Terminology in 1967, as well as the publication of the first edition in 1974 and second edition in 1992. The glossary offers a list of equivalent terms and definitions in English, French, Russian and Spanish. 2013HydrologyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=726This document details the strategy which will guide the Global Water Operator's Partnership Alliance's work over the next 5 years. 2013Water operatorsGlobal Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance (GWOPA), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=721Executive summary of report "Ending Preventable Child Deaths from Pneumonia and Diarrhoea by 2025. The integrated Global Action Plan for Pneumonia and Diarrhoea (GAPPD)". 2013Children, Disease, Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), SanitationUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=720The integrated Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea (GAPPD) proposes a cohesive approach to ending preventable pneumonia and diarrhoea deaths. It brings together critical services and interventions to create healthy environments, promotes practices known to protect children from disease and ensures that every child has access to proven and appropriate preventive and treatment measures. It also aims to help countries achieve impact by analysing local data, acting on the results and monitoring their progress towards clear...[Read full description] 2013Children, Disease, Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), SanitationUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=639This resource book aims to increase the capacities of those trainers and educators seeking to design and implement innovative educational projects using Biosphere Reserves and other designated areas as Education for Sustainable Development laboratories. The book addresses several water-related issues, including the water cycle, water ecosystems, water pollution, etc. and contains different activities, including an indicative worksheet for a water quality test. 2013Behaviour change, Biodiversity, Desertification, Ecosystems, Education, Pollution, Sustainable development, Water cycle, Water qualityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=631Based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy, this publication highlights different themes covered in the conference including: 1. The Biodiversity Knowledge Base: Taxonomy Today and Tomorrow for Environmental Sustainability and Human Well-being; 2. Conservation Biogeography: Integrating Biogeography and Conservation Science in a Changing World; 3. Priority-setting in Biodiversity Conservation: Strengthening Site-scale Approaches 4. Communication, Education and Public Awareness; 5. Mainstreaming Biodive...[Read full description] 2013Biodiversity, VulnerabilityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=629The State of Women in Cities 2012/2013 Report focuses on Gender and the Prosperity of Cities. The Report examines the gender dimensions of the defining characteristics of a prosperous city - productivity, infrastructure development, quality of life, equity and social inclusion and environmental sustainability. It provides a conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between gender and prosperity and also reviews policies and institutional framework relevant for mainstreaming gender concerns in cities. Chapter 2.2. "Gender, Infrastructure and Pros...[Read full description] 2013Gender, Infrastructure, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1064This publication aims to provide a better understanding of opportunities to successfully implement Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools programs (planning, operations, management, and policy formulation). It aims to encourage the routine collection and use of more reliable data to strengthen country and regional level planning for WASH in schools, and will serve to guide policy-makers on steps necessary to ensure that water and sanitation issues are not an obstacle to a quality education for all the children of South-East Asian Countries. The repor...[Read full description]December 2013Children, Drinking water, Education, Hygiene, Information and data, Sanitation, Water management, Water planning, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1049This report makes recommendations on natural resources management in Latin America and the Caribbean. Chapter III deals with the Public Policies for the Development of the Hydroelectric Power and Water and Sanitation Services Sectors in Countries of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC). While the region has abundant water, its distribution is unequal and water management will be key as the region adapts to climate change. The paper presents the case for incorporating renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectricity, in order to maint...[Read full description]December 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Drinking water, Economic impact, Energy, Equity, Investments, Mining, Oil industry, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water efficiency, Water management, Water supplyEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=935The main objective of this project is to develop and validate a practical guidance on how to achieve a Sustainable Sediment Management (SSM) Plan on the river-basin scale, using the Sava River Basin as a showcase. A core expert group has been established to analyze the sediment balance for the main Sava River course, also considering the input from the main tributaries, and thus to form a basis for sustainable transboundary sediment and water management. After collecting existing data the core expert group analyzed and evaluated the existing sediment data in ...[Read full description]December 2013Floods, Monitoring, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water management, Water planningDELTARES, European Sediment Network (SedNet), International Sava River Basin Commission, UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=888This publication presents the results of the Analytical Laboratories for the Measurement of Environmental Radioactivity (ALMERA) proficiency test IAEA-TEL-2011-04 on the determination of natural and artificial radionuclides in water and soil. The methodologies, data evaluation approach, summary evaluation of each radionuclide and individual evaluation reports for each laboratory are also described.December 2013Emergency situations, Energy, Environment, Information and data, Monitoring, Water qualityInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=869This briefing note outlines existing guidance and examples on water quality accounting. Inspired by the growing global focus on natural capital accounting, it identifies the ongoing challenges related to the development of natural capital accounting and water quality accounting in order to encourage debate and commitment towards effective water and biodiversity policy.December 2013Accounting, Biodiversity, Ecosystems, Environment, Financing, Water management, Water qualityThe Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=861This report aims to highlight the current regional developments in the area of water supply and sanitation with a focus on the new inter-governmental mechanism for monitoring water supply and sanitation services in the Arab region. The publication also seeks to review the processes and progress related to regional follow-up on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and regional preparations for the post-2015 development agenda within the water sector and address global and regional perspectives on securing access to drinking water and sanitation as a fundame...[Read full description]December 2013Arid zones, Drinking water, Human right to water and sanitation, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Water management, Water policy, Water scarcity, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UNESCWA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=853This Atlas examines the environmental change that has taken place at more than 80 locations across the Arab region, using a combination of on-the-ground photographs, current and historical satellite images, with a narrative based on extensive scientific evidence. The progress each country is making towards achieving environmental sustainability as part of the Millennium Goals is also described and visually portrayed. The Atlas images serve to highlight the distinctive environmental circumstances and challenges faced in the Arab region, from limited freshwater...[Read full description]December 2013Arid zones, Biodiversity, Climate change, Conflicts, Desalination, Deserts, Ecosystems, Groundwater, Land degradation, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Pollution, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=842This tool kit aims to assist development practitioners to ensure that gender perspectives are incorporated into development initiatives, and to monitor and evaluate gender equality results. It presents a menu of gender equality outcomes, results, and indicators that may be selected or adapted by users. While the tool kit focuses primarily on the sectors and strategic priorities of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Australia's aid program, it is designed for a wider audience of development policy makers, planners, implementers, and evaluators. The tool kit ...[Read full description]December 2013Climate change, Disasters, Energy, Equity, Food security, Gender, Health, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=841This guidebook provides a step-by-step introduction to Targeted Scenario Analysis (TSA), an analytical approach developed by UNDP that captures and presents the value of ecosystem services within decision making, to help make the business case for sustainable policy and investment choices. The intended audience for this guidebook is prospective analysts ¿ from government technical staff to expert practitioners in a consultancy firm to researchers in non-governmental organizations (NGOs), universities or government think tanks ¿ who want to make a clear and co...[Read full description]December 2013Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Scenarios, Sustainable development, ValuationUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=837This report focuses on the role of natural resources in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) programmes and illustrates how the management of natural resources can be used to promote more effective and sustainable reintegration. Part 1 of the report explores the relationship between natural resources, conflict economies and armed groups. Part 2 introduces the linkages between various natural resource sectors and DDR programmes, covering both potential risks as well as opportunities. Part 3 elaborates on the key entry points for DDR programmes t...[Read full description]December 2013Conflicts, Ecosystem services, PeacebuildingUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=834This working paper reviews the first decade (2001-11) of Uganda's private sector participation (PSP) model for small town water supply. In evaluating the impact of this development, this working paper aims to guide further reform within Uganda, and to inform other countries considering similar PSP approaches. The core idea behind PSP centered reform in Uganda was to improve sustainability and efficiency of piped networks. To evaluate how well the Ugandan model has managed the balance between public and private interest in water service delivery, the paper pro...[Read full description]December 2013Auditing, Financing, Investments, Private sector participation (PSP), Sustainable development, Water efficiency, Water management, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=814This report is an independent evidence-based analysis of how water can be addressed in a developing agenda beyond 2015. Its formulation, and the underlying study, was undertaken as a way of addressing the information gaps and providing background information that can be used by the UN member states and other stakeholders in negotiations. The overall goal of this report is to draw attention to the complexities of water as a resource and a human right, and the challenges associated in implementing the various formulations of Sustainable Development Goals relate...[Read full description]December 2013Drinking water, Financing, Human right to water and sanitation, Hygiene, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)United Nations Office for Sustainable Development (UNOSD), United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=886This report highlights the stark consequences for women and girls of the lack of access to toilets and use of good hygiene practices. The report presents information using infographics and visual representation, that makes it applicable to educational forums as well as creating awareness of the impacts on women of poor sanitation across the world. It calls for a concerted effort on a different scale from all levels of government, business and civil society through 5 Chapters: Chapter 1 'The Global Sanitation Crisis and Why we can't wait'; Chapter 2 'Why poo...[Read full description]November 2013Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Education, Environment, Equity, Gender, Health, Hygiene, Open defecation, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Water servicesWater Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=845This report addresses the issue of water governance in the Arab Region in a context of water scarcity. Chapter 1 reviews the state of water resources in the Arab region, the threats to these resources and the impact of diminishing water sustainability. Chapter 2 addresses major water governance challenges in the Arab region. It emphasizes policy choices and relevant interests. Chapter 3 discusses three main issues: water security, the ultimate goal in efforts to achieve sustainable development; effective water governance, the way forward in achieving water se...[Read full description]November 2013Agriculture, Desalination, Energy, Financing, Food security, Groundwater, Legal aspects, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Valuation, Vulnerability, Wastewater, Water availability, Water cooperation, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water policy, Water scarcity, Water securityUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=843This publication discusses several theoretical aspects important to the understanding, planning and monitoring of artificial recharge (AR) and aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) schemes and presents a selected number of examples illustrating the usefulness of isotopes and other tracers. The publication is expected to be of interest to hydrologists and water managers in areas where intensive exploitation of available water resources leads to shortages of water and where AR is being considered or is being implemented.November 2013Aquifer recharge, Groundwater, Isotopes, Monitoring, Water qualityInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=829This research brief explores the impacts on health and cognitive development through the practice of open defecation. The methodology used is the statistical link between open defecation and child height, which is a good indicator of overall health throughout a child's life and future achievement. The document states the problem, introduces the methodology of the research and provides key lessons and some conclusions.November 2013Children, Monitoring, Open defecation, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=828This paper highlights the keys issues arose in presentations and group discussions during the Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic conference, January 2012, which could lead to substantial improvements in the provision of a multi-sector approach to hindering sustainable water and sanitation services for all. This paper explores the understanding that infrastructure itself will not solve the global problems of inadequate access to improved sanitation and potable water, unless people adopt new behaviours.November 2013Behaviour change, Hygiene, Infrastructure, Practices and habits , Public policy, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=813This report shows why building climate resilience is critical to ending extreme poverty and building shared prosperity. The report opens international discussions related to understanding loss and damage from climate change and calls for the international development community to work across disciplines and sectors to build long-term resilience, reduce risk and avoid climbing future costs. It emphasizes the necessity of building and empowering institutions for the sustained effort needed for making development climate and disaster resilient and by highlightin...[Read full description]November 2013Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Poverty reduction, Resilience, Risk managementWorld Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=807This publication provides an analytical tool designed to help Governments and other stakeholders to establish a baseline measure of the equity of access to water and sanitation, identify related priorities, discuss further actions to be taken and evaluate progress through a process of self-assessment. The publication contains recommendations on how to plan for the self-assessment and provides concrete examples of the benefits of using the score-card in different settings. Parties to the Protocol on Water and Health and other stakeholders can use the Equitable...[Read full description]November 2013Drinking water, Equity, Human right to water and sanitation, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, Water policyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=806This guide offers explanations of legal obligations with regard to public participation and access to information under the Protocol on Water and Health and other international frameworks. It can be used as a tool to help improve the planning and carrying out of the public-participation process. It contains recommendations and examples to support Parties and members of the public to better assert their rights and fulfil their obligations in organizing or taking part in the public-participation process.November 2013Health, Legal aspects, Participation, Transboundary waters, Water cooperationUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=795This report aims to: (i) improve the understanding of the complex relationship between women and natural resources in conflict-affected settings, and (ii) make the case for pursuing gender equality, women's empowerment and sustainable natural resource management together in support of peacebuilding. Part 1 provides an analysis of the relationship between women and natural resources in peacebuilding contexts, reviewing key issues across three main categories of resources, including land, renewable and extractive resources. Part 2 discusses entry points for pea...[Read full description]November 2013Conflicts, Gender, Participation, Water managementUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Entity for Gender Equity and the Empowerment of Women (UN-Women), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=862The Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention) was adopted in 1992 and entered into force in 1996. This publication explains the obligations under the Water Convention and the way in which its institutional platform works, as well as the advantages for the States to become Party to the Water Convention. It also addresses the relationship between the Water Convention and the 1997 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-navigational Uses of the International Watercourses. The publication...[Read full description]October 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Lakes, Legal aspects, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water management, Water policyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=816The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot test a specific methodology for valuing a wider range of impacts related to water resource pollution in Indonesia. This report describes the origin of the pollution in the specific case study of the Citarum River, the effect on water quality, and the economic losses resulting from the deteriorating water quality. It also identifies feasible interventions for improving water quality and predicts the effect of these measures on water quality. October 2013Economic impact, Pollution, River Basin Management, Rivers, Sanitation, Water quality, WatershedsWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=815This report summarizes the key outcomes of the discussions held by WHO, which included experts in child and maternal health, HIV, malaria and vector borne diseases. The report aims to inform Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) scaling-up efforts with particular attention to vulnerable, at-risk populations and integrated approaches to delivering water, HIV, and other interventions using synthesized meta-analyses and recent studies on the health impact of HWTS. It begins by summarizing the main discussion outcomes, including the specific recommend...[Read full description]October 2013Children, Disease, Drinking water, Health, Human right to water and sanitation, Vulnerable groups, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=797Overview of report 'World Development Report 2014. Risk and Opportunity: Managing Risk for Development.October 2013Risk management, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=796The World Development Report (WDR) 2014 focuses on the process of risk management, addressing some of the most pressing questions. Why is risk management important for development? How should it be conducted? What obstacles prevent people and societies from conducting it effectively? How can these obstacles be overcome? What role should the State take in helping people manage risks? When should this role consist of direct interventions and when should it consist of providing an enabling environment? How can governments improve their own risk management, and w...[Read full description]October 2013Risk management, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=773The Third Hashimoto Action Plan (HAPIII) outlines UNSGAB's 2013-2015 strategy for shaping global water and sanitation policy. The Plan calls for a final push to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on water and sanitation, noting that the sanitation target is among the most off-track, and advocates for including water and sanitation objectives in the post-2015 development agenda.October 2013Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Financing, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, SanitationUnited Nations Secretary-General's Advisory Board on Sanitation (UNSGAB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=771The Indus River is a major transboundary river in Asia with nine tributaries. More than 138 million people in the Indus River Basin in Pakistan depend on irrigated agriculture. But rising population pressures, climate change, and the continuous degradation of ecosystem services have resulted in increased flood risks, worsened by inadequate flood planning and management. This report proposes a holistic approach, applying scientific assessments that take people, land, and water into account. It also includes planning and implementation realized through appropri...[Read full description]October 2013Disasters, Emergency situations, Floods, Risk management, River Basin Management, Rivers, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water planning, Water policyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=764The Forests Challenge Badge is designed to help educate children and young people about the crucial role that forests play for life on our planet. It explains how forests provide essential ecosystem services such as clean air, water, and climate change mitigation. It also describes various forest resources and explains how millions of people worldwide rely on forests for their livelihoods. The badge describes the threats to our planet's forests and what is being done to protect them. This material is appropriate for use in school classes, Guide or Scout group...[Read full description]October 2013Biodiversity, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Forests, Livelihoods, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=754This report presents the results of the application of an integrated analysis approach, the Multi-Scale Integrated Assessment of Society and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM), to three case studies: (i) An analysis of the option to produce biofuel from sugarcane in the Republic of Mauritius; (ii) An exploration of the future of grain production in the Indian state of Punjab; (iii) An assessment of two alternative energy sources to produce electricity in the Republic of South Africa. The report provides a summary of the final results and is organized in three se...[Read full description]October 2013Accounting, Energy, Food security, Water securityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=794This report underscores the urgent need to strengthen National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), especially those in developing countries, and provides cost-benefit estimates of the return that countries can hope to achieve. It also offers a recommended approach that has been tested and implemented in Europe, in Central and South Asia, and countries in other regions.September 2013Disaster prevention, Disasters, Hydrology, Meteorology, ResilienceWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=790The 2012 UN-Water Annual Report highlights UN-Water's key activities and achievements related to the post-2015 agenda but also to the World Water Day campaign, the release of flagship reports, main products from UN-Water programmes, thematic priority areas and task forces and other thematic work.September 2013Capacity building, CommunicationUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=774This publication is the result of a scoping study initiated by the Asian Development Bank to better understand the issues associated with the water-food-energy nexus in Asia and the Pacific. It provides high-level guidance on the choices available to address the region's water security issues.September 2013Accounting, Energy, Food security, Markets, Perceptions, Scenarios, Water footprint, Water governance, Water policy, Water scarcity, Water security, Water treatmentAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=768The Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention) was adopted in 1992 and entered into force in 1996. It brings together almost all countries sharing transboundary waters in the pan-European region, and is expected to achieve broader participation with its global opening to all United Nations Member States. This Guide constitutes a commentary to the Convention's provisions, providing explanations of the legal, procedural, administrative, technical and practical aspects of the Convention's require...[Read full description]September 2013Lakes, Legal aspects, Transboundary waters, Water cooperationUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=766The prototype Global Sustainable Development Report illustrates potential content, approaches and ways to engage policy makers and scientists, with the aim of facilitating Member States' deliberations on the final approach and scope. The summary includes seven sections representing planned report chapters: sustainable development assessments; a review of progress from 1950 until 2050, with the aim of putting economies and society onto a sustainable development path; the consequences of continuing a course of incremental progress until 2050; sustainable develo...[Read full description]September 2013Sustainable developmentUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=761Devolution, or the delegation of power by central government to local or regional administration, is by far the most significant initiative in governance that Kenya has undertaken since independence. Under the Constitution of Kenya (2010), devolution has wide-ranging implications for the water sector. The Constitution recognizes that access to safe and sufficient water is a basic human right. It also assigns responsibility for water supply and sanitation provision to 47 newly established counties. Effective implementation of the new devolved framework now req...[Read full description]September 2013Devolution, Legal aspects, Water governance, Water servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=759Summary for policy makers of report "Climate Change 2013. The Physical Science Basis".September 2013Climate change, Vulnerability, Water cycleIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=758This report from Working Group I is a contribution to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report. It spells out what the most up-to-date measurements and observations around the planet tell us about the extent of climate change and mankind's role in causing it. In particular, it documents multiple lines of evidence for emerging changes in climate in the atmosphere, ocean, ice, and land.September 2013Climate change, Vulnerability, Water cycleIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=755This report details the success of the MDG Acceleration Framework (MAF), a tool developed by UNDP in 2010 to guide collaborative national efforts to identify and overcome bottlenecks slowing country progress towards achieving priority MDG targets. The report also highlights how the MAF has built partnerships within more than 50 countries to re-focus existing policies and programmes into national action plans to hasten progress towards priority MDGs, and connect humanitarian efforts to longer-term results. Chapter 2.4 is dedicated to the issue of water and san...[Read full description]September 2013Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=730The Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia is the first effort led by the United Nations to catalogue and characterize transboundary surface and groundwater resources in the Middle East. The Inventory follows a standardized structure, with 9 surface water chapters and 17 groundwater chapters that systematically address hydrology, hydrogeology, water resources development and use, international water agreements and transboundary water management efforts. The chapters cover all rivers and groundwater resources shared between and by Arab countries i...[Read full description]September 2013Dams, Groundwater, Mountains, Transboundary waters, Water availability, Water cooperation, Water demandUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UNESCWA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=725Published in the framework of the International Year of Water Cooperation, this publication brings together a broad range of water professionals and stakeholders to share their knowledge and experiences in water cooperation. The different chapters reflect the progress and challenges encountered in the fields of water management and cooperation around the world. September 2013Adaptation, Agriculture, Capacity building, Climate change, Ecohydrology, Education, Financing, Floods, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Lakes, Legal aspects, Livelihoods, Participation, Poverty reduction, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water cooperation, Water management, Water security, WetlandsUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=724This report provides a global account of the environmental footprint of food wastage along the food supply chain, focusing on impacts on climate, water, land and biodiversity. Impact of food wastage has been assessed along the complete supply chain, from the field to the end-of-life of food. A specific chapter dedicated to water quantifies the amount of water wasted due to food waste.September 2013Environment, Food security, Water footprint, Water scarcityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=763This paper carries out an analysis of the welfare impacts of climatic variability in the rural areas of the Philippines. One of the main objectives of this study is to quantify the extent to which unusual or erratic weather has any negative impacts on the welfare of Filipino households. Erratic weather may affect agricultural productivity which, depending on how effective was the portfolio of ex ante and ex post risk management strategies employed, may translate into reduced income and reduced food availability at the household level.August 2013Climate change, Economic impact, Meteorology, Rural areasWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=757The Fourth Arab Report on the Millennium Development Goals 2013 highlights the progress made by Arab countries in achieving MDGs since 1990 and underlines ongoing development challenges which should be addressed in any post-2015 development framework. The report points out lack of access to water, water scarcity and lack of improved sanitation in rural areas as three limiting factors in the region.August 2013Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Water supplyLeague of Arab States, United Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=752This guide is a resource for stakeholders to conduct water governance assessments more effectively within their own local or national context. It provides practical advice on what to consider when designing and implementing an assessment. It also offers guidance on a number of concrete topics, such as which governance aspects are important to look at, the choice of indicators, data collection, how to manage multi-stakeholder processes and how to use the findings to influence policy. Specifically, this guide enables users to:- Understand how assessments can in...[Read full description]August 2013Water governanceUNDP Water Governance Facilityhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=750At the second Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) High Level Meeting (HLM) in 2012, developing countries, donors and development banks made commitments to address barriers to delivering sanitation and water services. This progress update synthesizes the status of commitments as of April 2013, based on self-reporting by partners. It describes:1) findings on the progress of implementing commitments;2) findings on the influence of the process of preparing for the HLM and the HLM itself on progress;3) implications of the findings for the next SWA HLM and the SWA P...[Read full description]August 2013Drinking water, SanitationSanitation and Water For All (SWA) partnershiphttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=748This report examines private sector provision of on-site sanitation services in Bangladesh, Indonesia, Peru, and Tanzania, four countries where the local private sector already plays a major role in the construction and maintenance of sanitation in rural (and many urban) areas. In each country, the study examines the preferences and circumstances of poor households and the performance of enterprises that provide sanitation-related services directly to them. It examines commercial and investment climate factors that may affect enterprises' actual or perceived ...[Read full description]August 2013Investments, Markets, Perceptions, Poverty, SanitationInternational Finance Corporation (IFC), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=747This report examines piped water schemes in rural areas of Bangladesh, Benin, and Cambodia, where the local private sector already plays a major role in the delivery of water. The study examines the performance of networks in each country and investigates the preferences of poor households in locations served by them. It also examines commercial and investment climate factors that may affect firms' actual or perceived costs and risks, driving their decisions about increasing investment in their business. Specifically, the study seeks answers to the following ...[Read full description]August 2013Investments, Markets, Perceptions, Poverty, Water demand, Water services, Water supplyInternational Finance Corporation (IFC), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=734This report is a result of sifting through and distilling the hundreds of stakeholder contributions made in response to dozens of practical questions raised during the 6-months "World We Want" stakeholder consultation. The questions were organized around the interdependencies regarding access to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. Recommendations emerged for a new development framework that calls for reducing inequalities around water through rights-based approaches to service provision and governance. August 2013Human right to water and sanitation, Hygiene, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Wastewater, Water management, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=733Delivering poor-inclusive urban sanitation requires improved service delivery, rather than a focus on infrastructure. This is the core finding of this global review on challenges, trends, and approaches at the global, national and city levels to achieve viable poor-inclusive urban sanitation at scale. The paper highlights key observations and lessons from the original study report: “Delivering Sanitation to the Urban Poor: A Scoping Study (2012; unpublished).August 2013Poverty, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=718This report presents a comprehensive regional assessment of the Mediterranean, Middle East, and Sahel in terms of climate change impacts, vulnerabilities, conflict/cooperation and human security at various scales and in a variety of contexts. Following an introduction, Chapter 2 explains the theoretical background on climate change, water conflicts and human security and presents the integrated and adapted Climate Change, Hydro Conflicts and Human Security (CLICO) theoretical framework. A description of the current climate and climate trends, including outloo...[Read full description]August 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Conflicts, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water policy, Water securityUnited Nations University-Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=717Climate change has a wide range of implications for human health, including increased mortality and morbidity from extreme temperatures and other extreme weather events, infectious diseases (waterborne, foodborne and vector-borne) and diseases resulting from air pollution This economic analysis tool is designed to support adaptation planning to protect health from the negative effects of climate change in European Member States. It is based on a review of the science, and provides step-by-step guidance on estimating: (a) the costs associated with damage to he...[Read full description]August 2013Adaptation, Climate change, HealthWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=760This document explores whether there is a statistical relationship between changes in climate variables such as temperature and precipitation and the frequency of intense natural disasters. The paper is structured as follows. Section II sets out a framework for analysis, based on the IPCC's disaster risk framework, focusing on the key idea that natural disaster risk is affected by hazards, exposure to those hazards, and vulnerability to their effects. Section III presents an overview of natural disaster data and trends globally, and in Asia and the Pacific. I...[Read full description]July 2013Climate change, Disasters, Information and data, Risk management, VulnerabilityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=753The WPP's strategic action plan describes the program's vision and strategic directions for its second phase, running from July 2012 to June 2016. It explains the rationale for scaling-up activities and provides details of the structural changes under second phase. The objectives, impacts, and expected outcomes of second phase are outlined in the next section. In addition, the strategic action plan includes plans to scale up partnership efforts, communications and knowledge management. Finally, it presents a new results framework to measure the impact of seco...[Read full description]July 2013Communication, Knowledge management, MonitoringWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=741This report summarizes the achievements and impact of Water Partnership Program (WPP) phase one (2009-2012) in each of the World Bank's six regions, as well as its global impact on knowledge and innovation. July 2013Dams, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, Water management, Water saving, Water security, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=735Focusing on sustainability in the realization the human rights to water and sanitation, the Special Rapporteur examines in this report how the rights to water and sanitation can and must be met for present and future generations. She highlights challenges to sustainability and particularly aggravated risks in times of economic and financial crisis. After addressing the relevance of sustainability to the core human rights concepts of progressive realization and non-retrogression, the Special Rapporteur explains how the normative content and principles of the h...[Read full description]July 2013Drinking water, Financing, Human right to water and sanitation, Human rights, Legal aspects, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Participation, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Vulnerability, Water servicesUN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitationhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=731The Little Green Data Book is a pocket-sized ready reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries. Key indicators are organized under the headings of agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, oceans, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The 2013 edition of The Little Green Data Book introduces a new set of ocean-related indicators, highlighting the role of oceans in economic development.July 2013Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Energy, Environment, Forests, Health, Information and data, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=728This guide outlines the vulnerability of Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) in the Pacific and the Caribbean and explains how gender roles and responsibilities result in differential exposure and impact of disasters. It provides an overview and should help practitioners identify and integrate gender into their decision-making and actions on the ground in every phase of disaster risk management.July 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Disasters, Emergency situations, Gender, Islands, Risk management, Small islands, VulnerabilityUNDP Caribbean Risk Management Initiative (UNDP-CRMI)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=723This report is the result of a scoping investigative study initiated by the Asian Development Bank to explore the potential for public-private partnerships in the irrigation and drainage sector in India. It identifies the areas where private sector participation can be envisaged in consonance with the current national policy framework; examines the legal and institutional status, and presence of national and international best practices; and suggests PPP models appropriate to Indian conditions.July 2013Environment, Groundwater, Irrigation, Legal aspects, Public-private partnerships (PPP), State of water resources, Water management, Water policyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=714This report provides a summary of the water supply and sanitation situation in Uzbekistan in relation to gender issues and main achievements in ADB's projects addressing the gender issues related to water supply and sanitation.July 2013Gender, Sanitation, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=711This edition of the World Economic and Social Survey focuses on sustainable development issues, especially in three important cross-sectoral issues: sustainable cities, food security and energy transformation. July 2013Climate change, Energy, Environment, Financing, Food security, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sustainable development, Urban areasUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=678This annual report, coordinated by the Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), provides a periodic assessment of progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) based on data provided by a large number of international organizations within and outside the United Nations system. The aggregate figures in the report provide an overview of regional progress under the eight goals. Water and sanitation are included in the chapter dedicated to Goal 7. July 2013Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=674Executive summary of report The Global Climate 2001-2010. A decade of climate extremes.July 2013Climate change, Disasters, Drought, Floods, VulnerabilityWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=673This publication covers the first decade of the 21st century and aims at providing a decadal perspective of climate variability and change and its observed impacts on different sectors. The report is structured into in 6 chapters. The first chapter focuses on surface temperature at global, regional and national scales, including analysis of temperature anomalies and trends. Interdecadal and interregional comparative analysis was performed and depicted using maps, charts and tables. The second chapter deals with precipitation. Chapter 3 describes the main atmo...[Read full description]July 2013Climate change, Disasters, Drought, Floods, VulnerabilityWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1001This report describes the processes that lead to losses of soil resources through erosion, effective methods of preventing unacceptable soil losses on watersheds, and methods of controlling the losses of soil resources when these losses become excessive. It also describes the processes that lead to losses of soil resources through erosion; effective methods of preventing unacceptable soil losses on watersheds, and methods of controlling the losses of soil resources when these losses become excessive. Finally it discusses the economics of selecting economicall...[Read full description]June 2013Economic impact, Groundwater, Hydrology, Land degradation, Land management, Technology, Water cycle, WatershedsUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=907This report is aimed at expressing the "lived experiences" of women and girls in India and ensuring that the voices of those who remain socially, economically and geographically marginalised are meaningfully reflected in the emerging post-2015 development discourse and agenda. The analysis contained in this report is based on in-depth interviews with women and focus-group discussions with almost 200 selected women representatives. The importance of water and sanitation pervades many of the issues portrayed which include nutrition, food security and hunger; ac...[Read full description]June 2013Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Climate change, Education, Equity, Food security, Gender, Health, Infrastructure, Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Open defecation, Post-2015 agenda, Poverty, SanitationUnited Nations Entity for Gender Equity and the Empowerment of Women (UN-Women)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=751This book conducts a micro-level analysis of various determinants of infrastructure sector performance that affect development. It focuses on the distribution segment of three basic infrastructure services: electricity, water and sanitation, and fixed telecommunications. The book is organized as follows: chapter one is introduction. Chapter two outlines changes in the electricity distribution, water and sanitation, and fixed telecommunications sectors in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region over the past 15 years. Chapter three synthesizes the imp...[Read full description]June 2013Legal aspects, Sanitation, Water operators, Water servicesWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=749The interdependence between water and energy is growing in importance as demand for both water and energy increases. As almost all energy generation processes require significant amounts of water, and water requires energy for treatment and transport, these two resources are inextricably linked. This relationship is the energy-water nexus. Section one of this paper examines the existing models, literature, and management frameworks on the nexus, as it seeks to determine what gaps exist. Section two describes the water demands of power generation in order to i...[Read full description]June 2013Energy, Water demand, Water planning, Water securityWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=727This guidebook, based on a case study from Wuhan City, People's Republic of China, bridges the gap between the theoretical analyses of climate change impact on the urban water sector and the planning decisions that municipal authorities and utility managers need to make to increase the sector's climate change resilience. It answers questions that city planners and managers globally currently ask regarding the effects of climate change, particularly on services and utilities, and what we can do to prepare for these. The guide presents steps to determine both W...[Read full description]June 2013Climate change, Infrastructure, Resilience, Urban areas, Vulnerability, Water planningAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=719This report analyzes the economic and social impacts derived from the lack of sanitation in Nicaragua. It includes basic information on Nicaragua, records of sanitation in the country and the results of the analysis of the economic impacts on health, water resources, tourism, and other impacts on welfare.June 2013Health, Sanitation, State of water resources, TourismWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=710This report summarizes main concepts, challenges, tools and experiences related to water cooperation and highlights key lessons learnt on promoting water cooperation. It also provides a summary of the discussions which took place at the `International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013. Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen', held on 8-10 January 2013 in Zaragoza, Spain.June 2013Climate change, Conflicts, Financing, Legal aspects, Rural areas, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water cooperation, Water demand, Water qualityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=709These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governanceUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=708These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=707These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=706These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=705These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governanceUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=704These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=703These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=702These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governanceUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=701These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=700These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=699These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=698These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=697These UN-Water Country Briefs present in a visual way the critical importance of water investments for human and economic development, with the intention to foster stronger interventions on water-related issues by policy makers dealing with peace and security, infrastructure investments, agricultural, health, education and environmental issues, as well as macro- and micro-economic perspectives. The briefs provide information on total water withdrawal by sector; water-related investment; the impact for development of irrigated agriculture, hydropower, water us...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Disasters, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Floods, Industry, Investments, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water qualityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=696This report focuses on the risks of climate change to development in Sub-Saharan Africa, South East Asia and South Asia. Building on the 2012 report, Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided, this new scientific analysis examines the likely impacts of present day (0.8C°), 2°C and 4°C warming on agricultural production, water resources, coastal ecosystems and cities across these regions. It finds many significant climate and development impacts are already being felt in some regions, and in some cases multiple threats of increasing extreme he...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Climate change, Drought, Ecosystems, Floods, Food security, Groundwater, Vulnerability, Water availability, Water demand, Water scarcity, Water securityInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=683This report contains business perspectives and recommendations in three areas: 1. Determining the core of a post-2015 agenda, including suggested sustainable development goals and targets, categorized around the following issues: The Poverty Apex; Human Needs and Capacities; The Resource Triad of water and sanitation, energy and climate, and agriculture and Food; Enabling Environment.2. Outlining how to engage business and investors towards sustainable development goals.3. Recommending ways that Governments can advance inclusive and sustainable markets, inclu...[Read full description]June 2013Drinking water, Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Water supplyUnited Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=682This booklet was developed for field staff involved in water management projects. It is in pocket format, so that professionals, practitioners and technicians can easily carry it with them. The ultimate beneficiaries are women and men in rural areas who will profit from equal and efficient water distribution, leading to higher yields, improved food security and poverty reduction. The passport focuses on six key issues related to water programmes for agriculture: 1) access to land and water, 2) farming context, 3) multiple use of water, 4) management of irriga...[Read full description]June 2013Agriculture, Climate change, Drinking water, Gender, Irrigation, Water allocation, Water management, Water qualityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=681This report investigates the ways in which the management of land, water, minerals, forests and drugs are linked to instability and insecurity in Afghanistan. Its aims are two-fold: first, to suggest ways that the government and the international community can maximise the peacebuilding opportunities that come from better natural resource management and, second, to encourage the international community to introduce safeguards in their existing projects to ensure they do not inadvertently exacerbate conflict. Chapter 2 is specifically dedicated to water issues.[Read full description]June 2013Adaptation, Environment, Infrastructure, Peacebuilding, Transboundary waters, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water managementUnited Nations Country Team in Afghanistan, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=670GEO-5 for Business is written for business leaders who are responsible for ensuring that risks and opportunities are understood, addressed, and turned into long-term competitive advantage for their companies. The report assesses the operational, market, reputational, and policy implications of environmental trends on ten business sectors: (1) Building and construction; (2) Chemicals; (3) Electric power; (4) Extractives; (5) Finance; (6) Food and beverage; (7) Healthcare; (8) Information and communication technology; (9) Tourism; (10) Transportation. The repor...[Read full description]June 2013Biodiversity, Disease, Environment, Health, Tourism, Water availability, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=812This publication presents the application of isotope techniques as a powerful tool for evaluating the sources, pathways, transformation and fate of nutrients in river systems, focusing on nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon containing substances. This publication aims to serve water resource managers as a guidebook on the application of isotope techniques in nutrient assessment and management, but it is also expected to be a practical aid for other interested and concerned individuals and organizations.May 2013Groundwater, Isotopes, River Basin Management, Water management, Water qualityInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=716The focus of this report is on how the regulatory system can improve water and sanitation services provided by State-owned and municipal utilities. It identifies best practice in regulatory governance and corporate governance of these utilities through a series of case studies. May 2013Community participation, Conflicts, Legal aspects, Public policy, Utility services, Water governance, Water servicesEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=687This study analyses the lives of two successive Participatory Groundwater Management programs in Andhra Pradesh, India, which ran from the mid-1990s to 2010, and were centred around small wells, typically servicing a few families each. The programs ran in 660 villagers across drought-prone districts of Andhra Pradesh, and by their culmination had and involved the participation of nearly 20,000 farmers as barefoot technicians. The core principles adopted by these programs were: demystifying hydrological science and technology for rural communities; enabling th...[Read full description]May 2013Agriculture, Aquifer recharge, Capacity building, Groundwater, Irrigation, Participation, Water balanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=686Synopsis of report 'Second Environmental Performance of Romania'.May 2013Economic instruments, Environment, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Pollution, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water demand, Water management, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=685The second Environmental Performance Review of Romania takes stock of the progress made by Romania in the management of its environment since the country was first reviewed in 2011. This second review also covers 10 issues of importance to the country related to policymaking framework for environmental protection and sustainable development compliance and enforcement mechanisms; monitoring, information, public participation and education; environmental international agreements and commitments and their implementation; economic instruments, expenditures for en...[Read full description]May 2013Economic instruments, Environment, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Pollution, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water demand, Water management, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=684This document is designed to provide the reader with a general understanding of the process and frameworks of basin planning, to provide some guidance on the specific techniques and methodologies available to assist the basin planning process, and to describe how and when these techniques might be used. This volume is divided into two sections. Part A provides an overview of the main approaches and techniques for basin planning. It starts with an overview of the historical evolution and development of basin planning, and highlights contemporary live issues in...[Read full description]May 2013River Basin Management, Water allocation, Water management, Water planningAsian Development Bank (ADB), General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design, Ministry of Water Resources of China (GIWP), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=668The purpose of this document is to assist Member States in better understanding the health risks of flooding and developing their own public health responses for flood prevention in the context of wider emergency planning. Its findings are based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature, web-based governmental and nongovernmental reports and a survey conducted by the WHO Regional Office for Europe with the United Kingdom Health Protection Agency (HPA) between 2009 and 2011.May 2013Floods, HealthWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=667This book is designed to provide the reader with a general understanding of the process and frameworks of strategic flood risk management (FRM), and guidance on the underlying philosophies and supporting techniques. It is not intended, however, to provide guidance on the detailed technical tools and means of analysis that form part of the FRM analytical process. Instead, it is intended to provide an overview of the emerging good practice in strategic risk-based FRM, the process of developing plans and policies, and the appropriate times and places at which th...[Read full description]May 2013Adaptation, Ecosystem services, Floods, Infrastructure, Risk management, Vulnerability, Water management, Water planningAsian Development Bank (ADB), General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design, Ministry of Water Resources of China (GIWP), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=665This publication focuses on the allocation of water at the basin scale and the granting of regional water shares; that is, the allocation of water from a common resource - typically a shared river - between different administrative regions. In many cases, bulk regional water allocation planning is undertaken at the basin level, and this forms the primary focus of this book. This book covers issues related to both surface and groundwater. However, given the emphasis on regional sharing arrangements, more attention is paid to surface water issues, which are gen...[Read full description]May 2013Water allocation, Water management, Water planningAsian Development Bank (ADB), General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design, Ministry of Water Resources of China (GIWP), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=663Executive summary of report'Assessing Progress in Africa toward the Millennium Development Goals. MDG Report 2013. Food security in Africa: Issues, challenges and lessons.May 2013Food security, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water supplyAfrican Development Bank (AfDB), African Union Commission (AUC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=662As the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target date of 2015 approaches, this report takes stock of Africa's progress. This 2013 MDG report reveals a mixed pattern successes and failures, improvements and challenges, innovations and obstacles. The report summarizes Africa's MDG performance and identifies the best performing countries by indicator. Information about Target 7C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation, as well as on factors hindering progress in access to safe drin...[Read full description]May 2013Food security, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water supplyAfrican Development Bank (AfDB), African Union Commission (AUC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=661This publication is intended to provide an understanding of the actions necessary to protect the public for those responsible for making and for acting on decisions in the event of an emergency involving actual or projected severe damage to the fuel in the reactor core or spent fuel pool at a light water reactor (LWR) or spent fuel pool. It provides a basis for developing the tools and criteria at the preparedness stage that would be needed in taking protective actions and other actions in response to an emergency. It could also be of direct use in the respon...[Read full description]May 2013Emergency situationsInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=660This report, produced by the High-Level Panel on the Post-2015 Development Agenda established by UN Secretary General, sets out a universal agenda to eradicate extreme poverty from the face of the earth by 2030, and deliver on the promise of sustainable development. Among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) considered, SDG6 aims at achieving universal access to water and sanitation.May 2013Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)United Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=650This issues brief summarizes main water and sanitation-related commitments made by Member States at Rio+20, different proposals for integrating water and sanitation issues into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework, and some reflections from the Post 2015 Global Thematic Consultation on Water.May 2013Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Sanitation, Water supplyUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=649This Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation reports on access to drinking-water and sanitation worldwide and on progress towards related targets under Millennium Development Goal 7 "to halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation". The estimates presented in the 2013 report describe the situation as of end-2011. This 2013 update presents country and regional estimates for the year 2011 and global trends in sanitation, open defecation and access to drinking-water for the period 1990-...[Read full description]May 2013Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Post-2015 agenda, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyWHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=648In view of the importance of water to sustainable development, and pressing problems with water availability and quality, the emphasis of this booklet is on how biodiversity provides us with solutions to meet water-related challenges. The booklet has been prepared for the International Day for Biological Biodiversity, which in 2013 focuses on water and biodiversity.May 2013Agriculture, Biodiversity, Disaster prevention, Ecosystems, Food security, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Mountains, Water cooperation, Water cycle, Water security, WetlandsSecretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=647Executive summary of the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2013. From Shared Risk to Shared Value: the Business Case for Disaster Risk Reduction. May 2013Disaster prevention, Economic impact, Resilience, Risk management, UrbanizationUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=646This 2013 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (GAR13) is the third biennial report coordinated by UNISDR. The previous two editions of the Global Assessment Report were predominantly written for an audience of policy- and decision-makers in government departments. In expanding its analysis to include and focus on the role of private investment, GAR13 aims at business leaders and private investors, on the one hand, and at local and national regulators, on the other hand.GAR13 explores how businesses, by investing in disaster risk management, ca...[Read full description]May 2013Disaster prevention, Economic impact, Resilience, Risk management, UrbanizationUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=830This book's 14 chapters explain what is currently understood about the use and application of radionuclides and related geochemical tracers and tools to assess groundwater age and movement over time spans beyond a few thousand years. It aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of why groundwater age is an important parameter for characterizing aquifer hydrogeology, how to estimate groundwater ages using different isotopes and how best to use age data for the analysis of groundwater flow.April 2013Groundwater, Hydrology, Isotopes, Water cycleInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=676This publication introduces, analyses and compares the water resources and irrigation situation in the six Central Asia countries - Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The report consists of three sections. Section I describes in detail the methodology used and contains a glossary of the terms used. Section II contains the regional analysis presenting a synopsis on water resources, water use and irrigation in the region and the trends over the last ten years. It also describes the legislative and institutional framewo...[Read full description]April 2013Agriculture, Climate change, Drought, Environment, Floods, Health, Irrigation, Legal aspects, River Basin Management, Water management, Water qualityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=620The year 2012 marked the close of the Government of India's Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). The program was started in 1999 to achieve universal rural sanitation coverage. Although rural sanitation coverage has increased during TSC, progress still falls short of the program goal of universal coverage. The objectives of this assessment are to: provide the Government of India with an overview of the range of service delivery processes adopted by different districts across states and their relative performance in terms of outcomes; identify which service delive...[Read full description]April 2013Behaviour change, Hygiene, Monitoring, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=618The purpose of this note is to provide interim guidance to World Bank staff on how to assess the contribution of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from reservoirs in preparation for dam infrastructure projects. The note describes the major biochemical processes that cause GHGs from reservoirs, provides the status of current knowledge and research, and puts the issue into a global perspective. Based on the state-of-the-art, it makes recommendation on how to assess GHG emissions and how to make preliminary rough estimates of emissions caused by biochemical processes for ...[Read full description]April 2013Dams, InfrastructureWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=616Overview of Global Monitoring Report 2013. April 2013Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Rural areas, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water supplyInternational Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=615The Global Monitoring Report (GMR) is an annual report card on the world"s progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Each annual report has a thematic focus, an aspect of the development agenda on which the GMR provides a more in-depth assessment. The theme of GMR 2013 is rural-urban disparities in development and ways urbanization can better help achieve the MDGs. The report highlights the need to accelerate efforts to improve the lives of the poor in both rural and urban areas and states that, if the forces of urbanization are not managed spe...[Read full description]April 2013Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Rural areas, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water supplyInternational Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=609This report provides a comprehensive response to addressing multiple shocks in Asia and the Pacific. It shows how people, organizations, institutions and policymakers can work together to weave resilience into economic, social and environmental policies. Chapter 4 focuses on the land, water, energy nexus and addresses the issue of water scarcity among others.April 2013Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Energy, Floods, Infrastructure, Resilience, Vulnerability, Water scarcityUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=844This Water Business Kit is the product of previous research in Southeast Asia by Aquaya and work in Kenya which has established and supported water treatment and vending businesses. The kit is designed to provide entrepreneurs with a step-by-step guide to opening and operating a successful water treatment and vending retail business in Kenya. It is organized in four parts keys to business success, planning your business, setting up your business and running your business.March 2013Small-scale providersInternational Finance Corporation (IFC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=677This publication presents a synthesis of the multi-country collaborative program of analytical and advisory activities titled Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in European and Central Asian Agricultural Systems. The program has been a collaborative effort between the World Bank and the governments of Albania, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, and Uzbekistan. The goal of this book is to bring together the lessons learned and recommendations from the country-specific work, and provide guidance on the approach and methodology for others ...[Read full description]March 2013Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Irrigation, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=635This publication highlights how people work together in Asia and the Pacific to secure water for all through innovative approaches in basins. Drawing on a cross-section of 43 case studies prepared specially for this publication, WaterWealth explains the challenges to improving water governance and management across Asia and the Pacific region. It illustrates many examples of new approaches and practices already being applied by basin managers to secure water for all.March 2013Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, River Basin Management, Rivers, Water governance, Water management, Water security, Watersheds, WetlandsAsian Development Bank (ADB), International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=634This Analytical Brief aims to provide a starting point for discussion on the range of issues that collectively fall under the umbrella of water security, identifying the challenges that lay ahead, the necessity of relating water security to policy development, and offering possible options for responding to these challenges. It underlines the important role that cooperation will play in addressing water security challenges, including collaboration between different stakeholders and across all levels, from local to international. Section 1 introduces the brief...[Read full description]March 2013Capacity building, Climate change, Conflicts, Disasters, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Human right to water and sanitation, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water policy, Water securityUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=632Developed in collaboration with United Nations agencies, civil society and other organizations, the United Nations challenge badges are intended to raise awareness, educate and motivate young people to change their behaviour and be active agents of change in their local communities. The challenge badge series can be used by teachers in school classes and by youth leaders, and especially Guide or scout groups. The water challenge badge is designed to help educate children and young people about the crucial role water plays for life on our planet. The badge loo...[Read full description]March 2013Agriculture, Behaviour change, Climate change, Energy, Pollution, State of water resources, Urbanization, Water cycle, Water management, Water quality, Water saving, Water scarcityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=630This publication provides a brief overview of the key issues, strategic goals, and recommendations for disaster risk management (DRM) in East Asia and the Pacific. Chapter one gives an overview of the key trends related to disaster impacts in the region. Chapter two focuses on cross-sectoral issues of institutional arrangements for DRM and outreach to communities. Chapter's three to seven follow the core areas of DRM: risk identification, risk reduction, emergency preparedness, financial protection, and sustainable recovery and reconstruction. The appendixes ...[Read full description]March 2013Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Economic impact, Emergency situations, Floods, Resilience, Risk managementWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=619The objectives of this study are threefold: (1) to improve the understanding of climate change projections and impacts on rural communities and livelihoods in selected regions of Jordan and Lebanon, specifically the Jordan River Valley and Lebanon's Bekaa Valley; (2) to engage local communities, farmers, local experts, and local and national government representatives in a participatory fashion in helping craft agricultural adaptation options to climate change; and (3) to develop local and regional climate change action plans that formulate recommendations fo...[Read full description]March 2013Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Livelihoods, Participation, Resilience, Rural areas, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=617This report provides the latest information on the Global Sanitation Fund (GSF), established by WSSCC in 2008 to inject nances into countries with high needs for sanitation. Currently operational in ten countries in Asia and Africa, GSF supports national programmes developed through a consultative process among representatives from governments, local nongovernmental organizations and their associations, private companies, and international development partners. All programmes supported by GSF address the problem of inadequate sanitation and hygiene by focusin...[Read full description]March 2013Financing, SanitationWater Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=614Forests play a crucial role in the hydrological cycle. They influence the amount of water available and regulate surface and groundwater flows while maintaining high water quality. Moreover, forests and trees contribute to the reduction of water-related risks such as landslides, local floods and droughts and help prevent desertification and salinization. This publication provides an overview of forest and water interactions and describes the increasing international momentum gained by this topic. It then presents, in chronological order, summaries of the vari...[Read full description]March 2013Adaptation, Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Forests, Water availability, Water cycle, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=612The first part of this background paper estimates the costs of desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD), or conversely, the benefits of sustainable land management (SLM), for different parts of the world. Consideration is also given to the costs (implementation, transaction and opportunity costs) associated with modifying current land-use practices to be more sustainable. The latter part of the background paper exemplifies the interlinkages and synergies of three Rio conventions. In particular, it argues that there is significant scope for mainstr...[Read full description]March 2013Arid zones, Desertification, Drought, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Land degradation, Land management, Legal aspects, ResilienceUnited Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=610This paper presents a methodological approach to identifying tariff structures that ensure cost recovery for the provider while increasing take-up of basic services among the poor. It entails modelling the demand function for the entire market of potential users of the service using survival curve estimation techniques and knowing the costs faced by the provider. This allows for the identification of differential pricing schemes where less disadvantaged groups are charged higher prices in order to effectively cross-subsidize the lower prices charged to the po...[Read full description]March 2013Cost recovery, Poverty, Sanitation, Tariffs, Water servicesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=607This paper outlines ADB"s interventions to improve water supply and sanitation services in Armenia. It also highlights the rationale behind the structure of a new tariff regime, which is aimed at fostering the long-term financial sustainability of the Armenian Water and Sewerage Company (AWSC), and summarizes main lessons learned.March 2013Financing, Nonrevenue water, Sanitation, Tariffs, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=602Two years into the conflict in Syria, children are paying the heaviest price. The affected population estimates made in late 2012 speak for themselves: of the 4 million affected people inside Syria, almost 2 million are children, and of the 2 million displaced, 800,000 are children. Basic infrastructure and public services are being systematically destroyed. Water availability is a third of what it was before the crisis. Children and women in shelters are more exposed to unsanitary conditions, including unsafe drinking water and a lack of water for personal h...[Read full description]March 2013Children, Conflicts, Refugees, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groupsUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=601This second edition of the Asian Water Development Outlook (AWDO) provides a quantitative and comprehensive view of water security in the countries of Asia and the Pacific. By focusing on critical water issues, AWDO 2013 provides finance and planning leaders with recommendations on policy actions to improve water governance and guidance on investments to increase their country's water security. AWDO 2013 is presented in three parts. - Part I introduces the five key dimensions of water security and presents the combination of indicators for assessment of nati...[Read full description]March 2013Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Environment, Floods, Hygiene, Resilience, Risk management, Sanitation, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water governance, Water policy, Water quality, Water security, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=690Executive summary of report'TEEB for water and wetlandsFebruary 2013Biodiversity, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Tourism, Traditional knowledge, Water cycle, WetlandsRamsar Convention on Wetlands, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=689This report underlines the fundamental importance of wetlands in the water cycle and in addressing water objectives reflected in the Rio+20 agreement, the Millennium Development Goals and forthcoming post 2015 Sustainable Development Goals. The report presents insights on both critical water-related ecosystem services and also on the wider ecosystem services from wetlands, in order to encourage additional policy momentum, business commitment, and investment in the conservation, restoration, and wise use of wetlands.February 2013Biodiversity, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Tourism, Traditional knowledge, Water cycle, WetlandsRamsar Convention on Wetlands, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=598Established in November 2006, the Water Financing Partnership Facility (WFPF) aims to provide additional financial and knowledge resources from development partners to support the implementation of Asian Development Bank's (ADB) Water Financing Program and help achieve the Program's targeted outcomes. This Annual Report covers the period January to December 2012 and presents the performance for the year against the annual work program.February 2013FinancingAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=595This paper outlines the modus operandi of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction partnership in working with and empowering stakeholders to build partnerships and political legitimacy for international agreements in the context of disaster risk reduction. With this approach the paper refers to the directions outlined in the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters. It calls for localising and leveraging partnerships for risk reduction and asserts that the strength of the Hyogo Framework f...[Read full description]February 2013Disaster prevention, Post-2015 agendaUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=593At the start of 2013, International Year of Water Cooperation, the February issue of Tunza magazine, the UNEP magazine for youth, focuses on freshwater issues.February 2013Environment, Food security, Glaciers, Groundwater, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Pollution, Sanitation, Water availability, Water cooperation, Water quality, Water savingUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=592This publication incorporates key findings from the UNEP Global Environment Outlook (GEO-5) in order to equip young readers with the latest science-based information on the current state of the global environment, including water, climate change, air quality, biodiversity, land use, and other areas. Chapter 5 focuses on water issues and suggests different ways youth can make a difference.February 2013Biodiversity, Climate change, Drylands, Environment, Urbanization, Water saving, WetlandsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=583This paper documents the cross-country gradient between sanitation and child height that can statistically explain a large fraction of international height differences. It also documents the interaction between sanitation and population density, and contributes to a resolution of the puzzle of the "Asian enigma" of Indian stunting, which has received much recent attention from economists. Three sections of the paper contribute complementary analyses of the relationship between height and open defecation, each focusing on a different dimension of heterogeneity.[Read full description]February 2013Children, SanitationWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=576This study analyzes the current and future pressures exerted by different sectors of the economy on Congo Basin forests, and highlights policy options to limit deforestation while pursuing inclusive, green growth. Emerging environmental finance mechanisms, such as reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) under the climate change negotiations, may provide additional resources to help countries protect their forests. The structure of this report is as follows: - Chapter 1 gives an overview of the forests of the Congo Basin, includin...[Read full description]February 2013Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Forests, Green economy, Land degradation, Livelihoods, Mining, Sustainable developmentWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=569The Africa Environment Outlook (AEO) is a tool of the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN) for monitoring environmental management in Africa. This issue (AEO-3) focuses on the linkages between environment and health. The AEO-3 report begins by highlighting the major drivers of environmental change in Africa and their implications for human health. It also assesses environment and health linkages in the region by focusing on seven priority themes: air quality; biodiversity; chemicals and waste; climate change and variability; coastal and ...[Read full description]February 2013Biodiversity, Environment, Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water availability, Water supplyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=568Agroforestry sustains livelihoods, alleviates poverty and promotes productive, resilient agricultural environments. In addition, when practised at scale, it can enhance ecosystems through carbon storage, prevention of deforestation, biodiversity conservation, cleaner water and erosion control while enabling agricultural lands to withstand events such as floods, drought and climate change. The guidelines presented in this report are aimed primarily at all those involved in making policies at national and regional levels, such as decision-makers, civil servants...[Read full description]February 2013Agriculture, Agroforestry, Traditional knowledgeFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=688This report presents the conclusions from a case study on the hydrological response of the Toledo River catchment in Brazil to climate change in terms of river discharge, aquifer recharge and water table depth under different scenarios.January 2013Adaptation, Climate change, Groundwater, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water qualityUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=633This document sets out the strategy adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the period 2013-2020 to manage water quality with a view to protecting and promoting human health. The strategy is centred on primary prevention of waterborne and water-related diseases. The document provides background information on the burden of disease, linkages with global change, the economic risk-benefit approach; the WHO policy framework, international agreements and strategies; and guidelines for promoting effective policies and practices.January 2013Disease, Economic impact, Health, Water qualityWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=597This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. The Water Audit manual gives guidance on all aspects from when water gets to the distribution system to when water finally gets to the consumer. The scope of this water balance manual covers all aspects from the water supplied to the distribution system as well as water losses and/or used with the distribution system and what eventually reaches to the customer's premises and is billed/converted into revenue for the utility. The manual covers the procedures for determination of the various com...[Read full description]January 2013Auditing, Water balanceUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=588This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. This manual covers all the different categories of illegal connections normally found in consumer premises and the procedures/guidelines for their investigations and identification. The manual is divided into four chapters: - Chapter one entails the background, rational, scope and objectives of the manual; - Chapter two discusses the operating procedures which is the main purpose of this manual; - Chapter three entails the key result areas and the performance indicators that help the manag...[Read full description]January 2013Nonrevenue water, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=585This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. It describes the objectives and functioning of a leakage control programme. The objectives of a Leak detection Programme (LRP) are: i. To reduce physical water losses through proactive visible-leak search campaigns and pressure regulation in all zones; ii. To reduce physical losses through prompt leak repairs in the entire water supply system / network. The manual is divided into four chapters: - Chapter one entails the background, scope and objectives of the manual; - Chapter two entails u...[Read full description]January 2013Infrastructure, Water loss, Water savingUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=584This study aims at performing an integrated environmental assessment of agricultural and farming production systems located in the Toledo River Basin (Paraná State, Brazil). Water, material, energy, and money resources invested in supporting such production systems were evaluated with the final goal of calculating a large set of multi-criteria indicators useful to describe the environmental performance and sustainability of the production systems at farm and basin level. Finally, three alternative scenarios are drawn to explore the sustainable use of resource...[Read full description]January 2013Agriculture, Environment, Livestock, Rivers, Water footprintUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=579This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. This volume is intended to provide guidance to those engaged in execution of finance and accounts function in water utilities for systematic and consistency in their financial work. The manual comprises of methods and measurers adopted by a utility to safeguard its assets, secure the accuracy and reliability of its accounting data and promote operational efficiency. The manual also provides an introduction to finance policies and procedures, role of key officers in financing and accounting fu...[Read full description]January 2013Accounting, FinancingUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=575This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. Water Utilities' Customer Service is one of the key commercial functions in any Utility. The responsibility of customer service unit lies with the Head of the Commercial department who is the overall supervisor of the customer service activities. The Lake Victoria Region Water and Sanitation Initiative has provided many useful lessons on the importance of a customer service unit in an organizational structural set-up, the appropriate office set-up framework for customer service, and the staff...[Read full description]January 2013Consumer satisfaction, Corporate Social Responsibility, Cost recovery, Fee collection, Monitoring, Utility services, Water operatorsUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=574Harmful chemicals damage the environment, thus impairing its ability to provide environmental goods (such as food and water) and ecosystem services (such as air and water purification). This document provides a practical assessment of the current state of knowledge of the economic costs of inaction on the sound management of chemicals. It aims to raise political awareness of the benefits stated in economic terms of providing resources to sound management of chemicals and to strengthen the rationale for inclusion of sound chemicals management priorities into n...[Read full description]January 2013Agriculture, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Environment, Health, Industry, PollutionUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=572This book has two main aims: to demonstrate to international development agencies, governments, policy makers, project managers, practitioners, and community residents that landslide hazard can often be reduced in vulnerable urban communities in the developing world, and to provide practical guidance for those in charge of delivering Management of Slope Stability in Communities (MoSSaiC) on the ground. The purpose of the book is to take readers into the most vulnerable communities in order to understand and address rainfall-triggered landslide hazards in thes...[Read full description]January 2013Behaviour change, Community participation, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Land degradation, Land management, Resilience, Risk management, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=571This manual is part of a Utility Management Series for Small Towns. It can be used either as a training module to support the delivery of capacity building programmes in utility management and operations or as a reference manual to guide operations and maintenance staff in designing and implementing programmes in Block Mapping. The Manual introduces the concept and procedure of "Block mapping", which aims at sub dividing the water and sewerage services area so that developments and services can be clearly mapped. January 2013Auditing, Fee collection, InfrastructureUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=561This second report is mainly concerned with assessing the progress made in preventing and controlling neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in relation to the targets and milestones in the WHO roadmap. This report also includes updated information on the distribution and impact of NTDs and their effects on women and children. Assessed water-related diseases include dracunculiasis (Guinea-worm disease) and Schistosomiasis among others. Chapter 4 makes a situation report of key interventions, including safe water, sanitation and hygiene. January 2013Disease, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=543This report provides a framework to help city leaders make informed decisions for sustainable development in their cities. What must be done to improve living conditions, especially in slums and hazard-prone areas? To expand the coverage and quality of basic infrastructure services (water, sanitation)? To manage the city's physical form? These are some of the questions this report tries to respond.January 2013Financing, Infrastructure, Land management, Slums, Tariffs, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=542This report speaks directly to governments involved in development of the global treaty on mercury. It presents updates from the UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 in facts and figures backed by graphics that provide governments and civil society with the rationale and the imperative to act on this notorious pollutant. January 2013Ecosystems, Environment, Health, Industry, PollutionUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=538For the purposes of the International Year of Water Cooperation (IYC) and the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013 "Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen!" which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 8 to 10 1 2013, UNW-DPAC has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools on water cooperation. This brief provides information on information sharing and joint assessments: how can they contribute to water cooperation processes at basin levels and in cities? The brief also hi...[Read full description]January 2013Information and data, Water cooperationUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=536For the purposes of the International Year of Water Cooperation (IYC) and the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013 "Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen!" which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 8 to 10 January 2013, UNW-DPAC produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools on water cooperation. This brief provides information on financing water cooperation: what are the main challenges in financing water cooperation processes? Which tools are available for financ...[Read full description]January 2013Financing, Water cooperationUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=534For the purposes of the International Year of Water Cooperation (IYC) and the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013 "Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen!" which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 8 to 10 1 2013, UNW-DPAC has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools on water cooperation. This brief provides information on legal frameworks and institutional arrangements: in what way do they contribute to water cooperation processes at different levels? The brief high...[Read full description]January 2013Legal aspects, Transboundary waters, Water cooperationUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=532For the purposes of the International Year of Water Cooperation (IYC) and the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013 "Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen!" which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 8 to 10 Jaunary 2013, UNW-DPAC has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools on water cooperation. This brief provides information on Alternative Dispute Resolution methods: what are the key approaches and techniques? Which skills are required to apply these techniques? The...[Read full description]January 2013Conflicts, Negotiation, Peacebuilding, Water cooperationUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=530For the purposes of the International Year of Water Cooperation (IYC) and the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013 "Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen!" which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 8 to 10 1 2013, UNW-DPAC has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools on water cooperation. This brief provides information on water cooperation: why is this theme important? What are the main challenges and benefits? Which tools can be used to promote water cooperation?January 2013Water cooperationUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=527This report provides the most recent information available on worldwide atmospheric mercury emissions, releases to the aquatic environment, and the transport and fate of mercury in the global environment. The report emphasizes emissions to air from human (anthropogenic) activities, but includes releases to water because the aquatic environment is the main route of exposure to humans and wildlife. It is in aquatic systems that the inorganic mercury is transformed into the more toxic form, methylmercury, which can accumulate in fish and marine mammals consumed ...[Read full description]January 2013Ecosystems, Environment, PollutionUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=792West Asia countries have been experiencing different degrees of natural and anthropogenic water risk affecting the sustainability of their limited water resources and preservation of the ecosystem equilibrium. The fragile arid environment and its resiliency to cope with external natural and anthropogenic activities, including the expected impacts of climate change, present a major challenge to decision-makers who must achieve adequate, safe and dependable water and food supply in the future to improve human well-being in their societies, and to meet the requi...[Read full description] 2012Climate change, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=636The World Health Statistics series is WHO's annual compilation of health-related data for its 194 Member States, and includes a summary of the progress made towards achieving the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and associated targets. Unsafe water supplies and inadequate levels of sanitation and hygiene increase the transmission of diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera); trachoma; and hepatitis. The report presents a series of regional charts and, for six indicators - including population without access to improved drinking-water sources a...[Read full description] 2012Disease, Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=621The South Eastern Mediterranean Environment Project (SEMEP) is an interdisciplinary environmental education project primarily focusing on the South Eastern Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea region. The project promotes education for sustainable development through science and intercultural dialogue. This publication provides examples of good practices in education for bridging cultures and for sustainable development based on scientic methodology. Two of the best practices presented specifically focus on water-related issues: 1. A practice from Cyprus: Eut...[Read full description] 2012Biodiversity, Ecosystems, Education, Lakes, Sustainable development, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=596This thematic paper examines urban-rural tensions and opportunities for co-management. It provides a macro view of how urban-rural tensions develop in various domains and how the development of appropriate structures of governance can reduce conflicts and eliminate, or at least ameliorate, the problem. 2012Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Rural areas, Urban areas, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=591This brief account of groundwater institutions attempts to point to the discernible trends in the evolution of local groundwater management institutions and their effectiveness in sustaining the practice of groundwater use. It looks at the scope for securing benefits through improved governance within institutional arrangements and examines the prospects for implementing such improvement. This Technical Paper is organized in three parts: - Part 1 (Baseline) presents a broad overview of the types of local groundwater institutions and identifies a set of key d...[Read full description] 2012Groundwater, Water governance, Water management, Water scarcityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=590The purpose of this Thematic Paper is to review the trends in groundwater quality and pollution, taking into account the physical, environmental, institutional and social actors involved in groundwater quality governance. The final goal is to diagnose historical and current issues related to groundwater use under the threat of pollution, and to identify prospects for improved and sustainable aquifer governance through prevention and mitigation of the factors that may impact water quality. 2012Arid zones, Groundwater, Pollution, Water governance, Water management, Water qualityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=587This paper draws attention to case studies from a range of hydro-geological, climatic and societal settings where innovative management has been successful in reversing groundwater storage declines (or increases). Informing and engaging stakeholders in governance has resulted in more resilient outcomes that take better account of local needs. Importantly, in many settings local action by motivated communities has run ahead of state and national policies and been highly effective in managing groundwater storage, increasing farm incomes and protecting the envir...[Read full description] 2012Aquifer recharge, Groundwater, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=573Conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water in an irrigation setting is the process of using water from the two different sources for consumptive purposes. The planned conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water has the potential to offer benefits in terms of economic and social outcomes through significantly increased water use efficiency. This paper explores the reasons underpinning the apparent poor approach to full integration in the management and use of both water sources, and the absence of more coordinated planning. This paper is intended to...[Read full description] 2012Aquifer recharge, Arid zones, Groundwater, Irrigation, Water governance, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=493This report forms part of an awareness-raising campaign by the United Nations Environment Programme and the Environment and Security initiative on the effects of climate change. Representatives of governments, international organizations, civil society organizations and research institutions and other experts from the region have compiled this booklet with the objective of revealing and explaining the linkages between people and the environment in the Balkans. The influence of climate change on water resources is also addressed. 2012Adaptation, Climate change, Vulnerability, Water availabilityEnvironment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=611This report informs readers about the elements that are driving increases in disaster risk in the South Asia Region (SAR). The report first examines the regional rise in disaster events and losses, the nature of the hazards, the drivers of current and future disaster loss, and provides an overview of activities that can reduce the vulnerability of exposed assets. A more detailed profile of each of the major hazards in SAR is then provided in Annex 1. Finally, Annex 2 examines the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) profile of each country in the region. These incl...[Read full description]December 2012Disasters, Drought, Economic impact, Floods, Resilience, Risk management, Urbanization, VulnerabilityWorld Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=600This workbook is designed to be used by participants attending a water safety plan (WSP) training workshop that has been organized around the materials developed by the International Water Association (IWA) and World Health Organization (WHO). The learning material included in this workbook relates explicitly to the theory sessions that will be presented and the designed exercises. It therefore cannot be used as a standalone document to train people on all WSP aspects.December 2012Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs)International Water Association (IWA), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=599This handbook is one third of a water safety plan (WSP) training package. It accompanies the WSP training workbook and WSP training PowerPoint presentations. The handbook is designed to be used by professional and non-professional trainers, who should have prior knowledge and understanding of WSPs, and who are facilitating WSP training based on the 2009 WSP manual of the International Water Association (IWA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The training is targeted at all professionals involved in the management of drinking-water safety. The handbook ...[Read full description]December 2012Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs)International Water Association (IWA), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=562This book tries to respond to a series of core questions, including among others: What are the roles that water plays in sustaining diverse forms of human sociocultural life? What roles do diverse human societies and cultures play in valuing, managing, preserving and using water and its associated ecosystems? What are the consequences of these resource relations in sustaining, or undermining the means to sustain, the viability of human communities and their environments? The traditional knowledge, stewardship and management systems, and technologies developed...[Read full description]December 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Culture, Dams, Ecosystems, Environment, Gender, Groundwater, Health, Human right to water and sanitation, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Perceptions, Traditional knowledge, Urban areas, Vulnerable groups, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water management, Water scarcityUNESCO Office in Jakarta, UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=553Executive summary of The State of Food and Agriculture 2012. Investing in agriculture for a better future.December 2012Agriculture, Food security, Investments, IrrigationFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=552This edition of The State of Food and Agriculture, "Investing in agriculture for a better future", makes the case that increasing the levels and the quality of investment in agriculture is central to achieving the hunger eradication goal. It also argues that we need to change the way we invest in agriculture. The report argues that insecure tenure for land, water and other resources can constitute a serious disincentive to invest in agriculture and that negative environmental impacts, inter alia, depletion of natural resources such as soil, water, forests and...[Read full description]December 2012Agriculture, Food security, Investments, IrrigationFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=541This publication introduces a framework for the use of indicators in developing and tracking green economy policies. The objective is to provide guidance on the role of indicators in major stages of policymaking, using environmental issues as an illustrative entry point. Section 2 introduces the indicators for environmental issues and targets. Section 3 discusses indicators for environmental policy interventions. Section 4 focuses on indicators that show the impacts of policy interventions on well-being and social equity beyond the environmental realm. Exampl...[Read full description]December 2012Environment, Green economy, Information and dataUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=529In 1992, Cambodia, the People"s Republic of China, the Lao People"s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam established the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation Program with the aim of strengthening economic linkages between them and to foster the achievement of common policy goals. This second edition of the atlas illustrates the diversity of the subregion"s natural environment, progress made by the GMS countries over the past decades, and the need to address the increasing risks that they face. The Atlas has six parts: - Part I...[Read full description]December 2012Agriculture, Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Culture, Disasters, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Floods, Food security, Forests, Human resources, Land degradation, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Rivers, Tourism, Transboundary waters, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Water availability, Water cooperation, Water demand, Watersheds, WetlandsAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=522In 2010, UNISDR launched a global resilient cities Campaign with the specific focus on improving urban cities" capacity to withstand and recover from natural disasters. By signing up to the Campaign, cities commit to take specific actions to build their resilience. These actions are guided by the "Ten Essentials for Making Cities Resilient", a 10-point checklist of factors considered fundamental for cities to improve their resilience capacity.In 2012, UNISDR Regional office for Africa in Nairobi, Kenya commenced a pilot project to "operationalise" the Campaig...[Read full description]December 2012Disaster prevention, Resilience, Risk management, Urban areas, VulnerabilityUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=521This report assesses the potential effects of climate change on the Arab region and outlines possible approaches and measures to prepare for its consequences. It offers ideas and suggestions for Arab policy makers as to what mitigating actions may be needed in rural and urban settings to safeguard key areas such as health, water, agriculture, and tourism. The report also analyzes the differing impacts of climate change, with special attention paid to gender, as a means of tailoring strategies to address specific vulnerabilities. Climate change may also affect...[Read full description]December 2012Adaptation, Agriculture, Arid zones, Biodiversity, Climate change, Drought, Drylands, Ecosystem services, Food security, Gender, Health, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Resilience, Risk management, Rural areas, Tourism, Urban areas, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water management, Water scarcityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=563The «Where the Rain Falls» research explores the interrelationships among rainfall variability, food and livelihood security, and human mobility in a diverse set of research sites in eight countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The central focus of the «Where the Rain Falls» initiative was to explore the circumstances under which households in eight case study sites in Latin America, Africa, and Asia use migration as a risk management strategy when faced with rainfall variability and food and livelihood insecurity. Countries analyzed include: Banglades...[Read full description]November 2012Climate change, Environment, Food security, Livelihoods, Migration, Water scarcityCARE, United Nations University-Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=551Synopsis of second Environmental Performance Review of Tajikistan.November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=550The second Environmental Performance Review (EPR) of Tajikistan takes stock of the progress made by Tajikistan in the management of its environment since the country was first reviewed in 2004. It assesses the implementation of the recommendations contained in the first review. This second EPR also covers 10 issues of importance to Tajikistan related to policymaking, planning and implementation, the financing of environmental policies and projects and the integration of environmental concerns into economic sectors, in particular the sustainable management and...[Read full description]November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=549Synopsis of second Environmental Performance Review of Albania.November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=548The second Environmental Performance Review (EPR) of Albania takes stock of the progress made by Albania in the management of its environment since the country was first reviewed in 2002. It assesses the implementation of the recommendations contained in the first review. This second EPR also covers 10 issues of importance to Albania related to policymaking framework for environmental protection and sustainable development compliance and enforcement mechanisms; monitoring, information, public participation and education; environmental international agreements...[Read full description]November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=545This paper focuses on a handwashing promotion intervention which attempts to improve child health by changing this key hygiene-related behaviour rather than by implementing large and costly infrastructure investments in water supply or sanitation. In particular, the document analyzes the Global Scaling Up Handwashing Project in Peru, a large-scale intervention that aims to generate and sustain handwashing with soap behaviour at critical junctures among mothers, caregivers, and children up to 12 years old in rural households. By trying to change the underlying...[Read full description]November 2012Behaviour change, Children, Communication, Community participation, Health, Hygiene, Practices and habits World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=544This report seeks to inform a broad audience about permafrost and communicate to decision-makers and the general public the implications of changing permafrost in a warming climate. It denes basic terminology and describes fundamental physical and biological processes that shape the permafrost landscape using the best scientic information available from published literature. The report discusses the impacts of a changing climate on ecosystems and human infrastructure in regions with signicant presence of permafrost, as well as the impacts of thawing permafros...[Read full description]November 2012Climate change, MonitoringUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=540This paper outlines the major challenges related to financing the gap in global water infrastructure, including those systems that provide urban and rural water supply, and sanitation and irrigation services. The paper synthesizes the extensive body of literature on this subject, providing some examples of historical trends and proposing a reform agenda to assist countries in weathering the current financial climate. Section 1 introduces the linkages between water infrastructure and growing global challenges, including food and energy security as well as cli...[Read full description]November 2012Financing, Infrastructure, Investments, Nonrevenue water, Private sector participation (PSP), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Tariffs, Water operators, Water supply, Water User AssociationsWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=526Synopsis of first Environmental Performance Review of Turkmenistan.November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=525The first Environmental Performance Review of Turkmenistan covers 13 issues of importance to Turkmenistan related to policymaking, planning and implementation, the financing of environmental policies and projects and the integration of environmental concerns into economic sectors, in particular the sustainable management and protection of water resources, waste management, air pollution, forestry, biodiversity and protected areas, energy and climate change.November 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Economic instruments, Education, Environment, Financing, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water qualityUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=524The Environmental Atlas of the Dniester is the first attempt to present the environmental state of this transboundary river in a visual format which includes over 30 thematic maps of the basin, graphics, diagrams and pictures. The target groups for the Atlas are specialists in environmental protection, as well as authorities and population in the Dniester basin. November 2012Dams, Ecosystems, Environment, Rivers, Transboundary waters, Wastewater, Water availability, Water governance, Water quality, WatershedsEnvironment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/GRID-Arendalhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=515Executive summary of report Turn Down the Heat. Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided.November 2012Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Disasters, Drought, Ecosystems, Food security, Health, Meteorology, Vulnerability, Water scarcity, Water securityInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=514This report provides a snapshot of recent scientific literature and new analyses of likely impacts and risks that would be associated with a 4° Celsius warming within this century. It is a rigorous attempt to outline a range of risks, focusing on developing countries and especially the poor. A 4°C world would be one of unprecedented heat waves, severe drought, and major floods in many regions, with serious impacts on ecosystems and associated services. But the report points out that, with action, a 4°C world can be avoided. Chapter 6 analyses sectoral impacts...[Read full description]November 2012Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Disasters, Drought, Ecosystems, Food security, Health, Meteorology, Vulnerability, Water scarcity, Water securityInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=513This report addresses how and why natural resource, including water resources, and environmental risks are becoming financially material for sovereign credit risk, not just in the medium term, but even in the short run. The E-RISC (Environmental Risk in Sovereign Credit analysis) methodology focuses on the development of metrics and methods for quantifying natural resource and environmental risks so they can be incorporated into sovereign credit risk assessments. It assesses how growing natural resource scarcity and environmental degradation can impact a coun...[Read full description]November 2012Financing, Investments, Risk managementUnited Nations Environment Programme Financing Initiative (UNEPFI)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=508This document is intended to address the lack of harmonized relevant tools and indicators to assist in the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) programmes. The document delineates a step-by-step guidance to conduct monitoring and evaluation, including descriptions on how to 1) understand the context within which the HWTS programme is operating; 2) develop the M&E question(s); 3) select the appropriate indicator(s) to answer the question(s); 4) develop an M&E plan; 5) develop the M&E tools; 6) sel...[Read full description]November 2012Drinking water, Health, Monitoring, Water quality, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=506This report proposes a methodology for identifying the locations where water constraints are a major factor affecting smallholders' livelihoods and where agricultural water management in general, as well as specific technologies, can boost the poorest farmers' livelihoods. The report presents the methodology used for mapping and assessing the potential for investments in agricultural water management at country level in support of rural livelihoods. The approach presented in the report has been implemented and tested in surveys conducted in Burkina Faso, Ethi...[Read full description]November 2012Agriculture, Livelihoods, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Rural areas, Technology, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=564The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), through the use of mobile phones, to collect data on sanitation behaviour and make available almost real time data, offers potential at large scale. A proof of concept was piloted to test the viability of using mobile technology to strengthen monitoring in the rural sanitation sector in two blocks (sub districts) of varying socioeconomic characteristics in India. The pilot covered 23,000 households in a span of two to three months. This field note presents results of a proof of concept piloted by Worl...[Read full description]October 2012Behaviour change, Monitoring, Rural areas, Sanitation, TechnologyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=520This field note summarizes the results and challenges of a WSP-supported Sanitation Marketing Pilot Project, which applies the sanitation marketing approach to the rural Cambodian context.October 2012Behaviour change, Communication, Infrastructure, Marketing, Poverty, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=512Environmental degradation is a significant factor that reduces the adaptive capacity of societies to deal with disaster risk in many countries around the globe. The WorldRiskIndex, the centrepiece of the report, determines the risk of becoming the victim of a disaster as a result of natural hazards for 173 countries throughout the world. October 2012Disaster prevention, Disasters, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Land degradation, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Risk management, Sustainable development, VulnerabilityAlliance Development Works/Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft, The Nature Conservancy, United Nations University-Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=510This report introduces main UN-Water achievements in 2011, including UN-Water programmes, thematic priority areas and task forces activities and outputs. The Annual Report highlights in particular UN-Water's accomplishments in building synergies and joint efforts amongst its Members and with its Partners as a way to support Member States in their efforts towards achieving internationally agreed goals for water and sanitation.October 2012Capacity building, Climate change, Green economy, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Monitoring, Sanitation, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water quality, Water supplyUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=509The UNU-INWEH annual report summarizes initiatives and progress report on activities and projects from the Institute. It also introduces outputs from events and presents publications produced in 2011.October 2012Drylands, Ecosystems, HealthUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=507The State of the World's Cities Report 2012 presents some of the underlying factors behind the financial, economic, environmental, social and political crises that have strongly impacted on cities. Chapter 2.2 'Urban Infrastructure: Bedrock of Prosperity' addresses the issue of 'Water Supply: When Good Governance Changes the Equation'. October 2012Infrastructure, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water governance, Water scarcity, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=505This edition of State of Latin American and Caribbean cities presents the current situation of the region's urban world, including the demographic, economic, social, environmental, urban and institutional conditions in which cities are developing. Chapter 4.1 addresses the issue of access to water and sanitation, conditions under which services are being provided and water management concerns. The issue of the human right to water and sanitation is addressed in the last part of the chapter.October 2012Financing, Human right to water and sanitation, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Risk management, Sanitation, Tariffs, Urban areas, Urbanization, Utility services, Water management, Water operators, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=502This assessment explores the quality of drinking-water from "improved" sources and was conceived to probe into the question to what extent the quality of drinking-water from "improved" sources deviates from the assumption that it is safe. Results in five pilot countries shows a wide range of conditions, from full compliance with the WHO Drinking-water Quality Guidelines to specific sources in a given country only meeting standards in 34% of the samples. The handbook describes the methods and procedures applied by WHO and UNICEF in the five countries, for adop...[Read full description]October 2012Drinking water, Health, Information and data, Microbiology, Monitoring, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=500Well-managed protected areas support not only healthy ecosystems and threatened species, but also provide multiple benefits to people. These benefits include a wide range of ecosystem services such as clean water provision, food security, disaster risk reduction and climate regulation. This report tracks global progress towards Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity's (CBD) Aichi Biodiversity Targets and summarises the status and trends in global biodiversity protection for decision makers and the conservation community. It is the first in a seri...[Read full description]October 2012Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, EnvironmentUnited Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=499Mangroves are vital for food security and protection of coastal communities; they provide a wide diversity of forest products, nurseries for aquatic species, fishing grounds, carbon sequestration, and crucial natural coastal defences that mitigate the impact of erosion and storm action. The aim of this policy brief is to provide managers with lessons learned on the conservation and management of mangroves, and recommend policy measures that could be taken in order to protect them. October 2012Aquaculture, Community participation, Ecosystem services, Food securityUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=491The Asia Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (AMCDRR) Declaration adopted in Incheon in 2010 recognized "the need to protect women, children and other vulnerable groups from the disproportionate impacts of disaster and to empower them to promote resiliency within their communities and workplaces". The aim of this publication is to provide children and youth in Asia a platform to report on progress made towards these commitments from their own point of view. This publication seeks to document the perspective of children from seven Asia countries ...[Read full description]October 2012Children, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Education, Floods, Livelihoods, Resilience, Risk management, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groups, YouthUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=490The objective of the Blue Book is to establish an inventory of existing and envisaged standards and parameters of European inland waterways and ports of international importance and to show, on an internationally comparable basis, the current inland navigation infrastructure parameters in Europe as compared to the minimum standards and parameters prescribed in the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN).October 2012Shipping, Transboundary watersUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=489This atlas provides sound scientific information on the connections between weather and climate and major health challenges. These range from diseases of poverty to emergencies arising from extreme weather events and disease outbreaks. They also include environmental degradation, the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases and the universal trend of demographic ageing. Water-related diseases such as malaria and diarrhoea or water-related emergency situation such as floods and droughts are analysed. The Atlas gives practical examples of how the use ...[Read full description]October 2012Climate change, Disasters, Disease, Drought, Floods, Health, Risk managementWorld Health Organization (WHO), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=488The Asia-Pacific Disaster Report 2012 provides an analysis of the impact of disasters on Asian and Pacific countries between 1970 to 2011, and discusses the twin challenge faced by the region of increasing exposure of its people and economic assets, and heightened vulnerabilities experienced by the poor and other disadvantaged groups to disasters. Pressures resulting from rapid urban development and economic growth have resulted in people and economic activities expanding into increasingly exposed and hazard-prone land. It also highlights that smaller economi...[Read full description]October 2012Adaptation, Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Floods, Investments, Land management, Legal aspects, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Resilience, Risk management, Technology, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groupsUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=487This book collects relevant information, in connection with five different pathogens, on the scope of domestic animal and bird faeces discharged into the environment, the fate and transport of the faecal wastes (and the pathogens they may contain) that have been discharged into the environment, human exposure to the faecal wastes, potential health effects associated with those exposures and interventions that will limit human exposures to livestock waste. It also addresses the monitoring, detection and management related to these phenomena.October 2012Disease, Health, Livestock, Microbiology, Pollution, Risk management, Water qualityWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=791This document presents the UN-Water Work Programme 2012–2013, which is divided into three parts: (1) UN-Water's strategic outlook; (2) Activities in each of UN-Water's five Result Areas; (3) An overview of UN-Water and its governance structure. Annexes include a Result-Oriented Framework for UN-Water and an indicative budget for 2012-2013.September 2012Communication, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Water cooperationUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=546Executive summary of report Promoting Handwashing Behavior: The Effect of Mass Media and Community Level Interventions in Peru.September 2012Behaviour change, Children, Communication, Community participation, Health, Hygiene, Practices and habits World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=523This report examines trends in child mortality since 1990, analyses the causes of preventable child death, and outlines strategies to accelerate progress. Chapter 1 describes levels and trends in child mortality. Chapter 2 focuses on the leading causes of child deaths and makes an assessment of different diseases, including diarrhoea. Chapter 3 proposes different strategies for accelerating progress on child survival.September 2012Children, Disease, HealthUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=511This publication highlights the concept and selected market segments relating to payments for ecosystem services. It emphasises the role natural capital can play in both environmental conservation and in poverty alleviation, and highlights the potential benefits of ecosystem-based economic development in an accessible, non-technical manner. The publication looks at the 23 ecosystem services as described by the World Resources Institute (2011) and the United Nations Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA, 2005). Five specific market segments relating to Payment f...[Read full description]September 2012Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Poverty reduction, WatershedsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/GRID-Arendalhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=504This report serves to provide a global perspective on the state of challenges and pressures facing transboundary water systems, both freshwater and marine. The context of this Synthesis is the need and effective use of science to address these challenges and the translation of such science use to policy for multi-country management of shared water resources. The report brings together the findings and efforts of the International Waters (IW) System Type Working Groups on groundwater, lakes, rivers, land-based pollution sources and, large marine ecosystems and...[Read full description]September 2012Capacity building, Communication, Transboundary watersGlobal Environmental Facility (GEF), United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=503This study aims at assessing the viability of desalination to close the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region's growing water gap, including associated technological, economic, and environmental implications. After an introduction to the volume, Chapter 2 assesses current and future water availability and water demand. Chapter 3 draws on the findings and methodology of the 2030 Water Resources Group study "Charting Our Water Future" (2009) to identify the potential mix of technical measures to close the supply-demand gap for the MENA Region as a whole an...[Read full description]September 2012Desalination, Energy, Environment, Pollution, Technology, Water availability, Water demandInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=498This training handbook is a field guide for training urban and peri-urban vegetable farmers in safe practices when using wastewater in vegetable production. It is designed to provide complete information, knowledge and skills for safer and successful production of vegetables in urban and peri-urban farming systems. The handbook covers five major topics: 1. It explains how irrigation water might be polluted with wastewater from the town or city and how using such water for production of fresh vegetables poses health risks to the farmer and to people who eat t...[Read full description]September 2012Agriculture, Health, Irrigation, Monitoring, Pollution, Risk management, Urban areas, Wastewater, Water securityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=497This learning note presents the achievements, learning, and reflections that resulted from implementing a large-scale handwashing program in Vietnam and provides recommendations for future hygiene promotion initiatives.September 2012HygieneWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=494This report responds to the following questions by presenting insights from experience from across the globe: What are the values and benefits associated with water and wetlands? What are the roles of wetlands in terms of providing water and wetland related ecosystem services and what are their values? What is the wider set of ecosystem system services that water and wetlands provide and what are their values? What needs to be done to improve the consideration of the values and benefits of water and wetland in policy developments and in practical decision mak...[Read full description]September 2012Accounting, Biodiversity, Ecohydrology, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Lakes, Land degradation, Land management, Poverty reduction, Sustainable development, Tourism, Traditional knowledge, Valuation, Vulnerability, Water security, WetlandsRamsar Convention on Wetlands, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=492This study serves as a starting point for the development of a more in-depth and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts and adaptation programmes for Grenada and other Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The study focuses on three priority areas: water resources, coastal ecosystems and renewable energy systems. It identifies the best potential courses of action to hedge for and adapt to these critical impact areas. Chapter two outlines the comprehensive assessment and analytical process followed in evaluating the impacts of climate change in Gren...[Read full description]September 2012Adaptation, Aquaculture, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Drought, Energy, Floods, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, Small islands, Sustainable development, Vulnerability, Wastewater, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=471The aim of this report is to provide a global snapshot of local-level resilience building activities and identify trends in the perceptions and approaches of local governments toward disaster risk reduction, using the Ten Essentials for Making Cities Resilient developed by the Making Cities Resilient Campaign as a framework. This report also analyses the factors that enable urban disaster risk reduction activities, including how the Campaign has helped improve local knowledge of disaster risk and support capacity building. The report is divided into five chap...[Read full description]September 2012Communication, Disaster prevention, Education, Floods, Infrastructure, Public policy, Resilience, Risk management, Urban areas, Utility services, Water qualityUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=460With views from water experts around the globe and insightful reactions from members of the InterAction Council, this volume speaks to the urgent needs and challenges ahead for addressing the global water crisis and contributes informed perspectives to the emerging global dialogue on achieving water security.September 2012Climate change, Conflicts, Ecosystem services, Energy, Ethics, Gender, Health, Human right to water and sanitation, Legal aspects, Migration, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water governance, Water quality, Water scarcity, Water securityUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=459The release of chemicals affects all aspects of natural resources including water. This synthesis report for decision-makers describes the main findings and conclusions of the full report: "Global Chemicals Outlook: Towards Sound Management of Chemicals." The report is designed to inform governments and industry on trends in chemicals production, use and disposal while offering policy advice aimed at meeting the 2020 goal agreed at the World Summit on Sustainable Development. It focuses particularly on the challenges and opportunities facing developing nations.[Read full description]September 2012Industry, Pollution, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=455This study evaluates the costs and benefits of technical sanitation options and sanitation programs in Yunnan Province, China. The study compares the costs and benefits of alternative improved sanitation options over the expected life of each technology, to estimate efficiency of alternative sanitation options. For the study, sanitation options in eight different sites throughout Yunnan Province were selected, representing urban, peri-urban and rural areas as well as different socio-economic levels and cultural settings. Sanitation options evaluated in the st...[Read full description]September 2012Consumer satisfaction, Drinking water, Economic impact, Financing, Health, Hygiene, Information and data, Investments, Perceptions, Practices and habits , Sanitation, State of water resources, Technology, Wastewater, Water quality, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=638The Zambezi River Basin Atlas of the Changing Environment is a basin collaborative initiative with the objective of providing scientific evidence about changes that are taking place in the natural resources and the environment. The Atlas, with climate change as its running theme, is for use by policy makers and other stakeholders, and the general public, to generate action towards climate resilience through adaptation and mitigation of the impacts of climate change. The Atlas discusses the impacts that these changes are having on the basin's people and resour...[Read full description]August 2012Adaptation, Biodiversity, Climate change, Drought, Ecosystems, Energy, Ethnology, Floods, Land degradation, Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Mining, Pollution, River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Urbanization, Water availability, Water governance, Water management, Water policy, Watersheds, WetlandsSouthern African Development Community (SADC), Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (SARDC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/GRID-Arendal, Zambezi Watercourse Commission (ZAMCOMhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=496This document focuses on a range of the most important issues affecting the daily lives of the people in Gaza. The broad objectives of this study are to: highlight the longer-term effects and implications of current developmental and social trends and challenges affecting the Gaza Strip; raise awareness of these both locally and internationally; and, inform the strategic programming of the United Nations in support of the Palestinian people of the occupied Palestinian territory. Water and sanitation issues are addressed in a specific chapter.August 2012Food security, Infrastructure, Investments, Livelihoods, Sanitation, Urbanization, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=484This report reviews some current sustainability targets for the water sector and provides an overview of selected tools and approaches to assist decision-makers improve performance and achieve results and ultimately, meet development targets. The report reviews three widely known systems of water sustainability targets: (i) the water targets set under the umbrella of the Millennium Development Goals; (ii) the comprehensive water targets established as part of the European Union Water Framework Directive; and (iii) the target-setting pr...[Read full description]August 2012Green economy, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Risk management, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water managementUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=481To support implementation of environmental-economic accounts, the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEA-Water), a SEEA sub-system, provides compilers and analysts with agreed concepts, definitions, classifications, tables, and accounts for water and water-related emission accounts. SEEA-Water is fully coherent with the broader SEEA. It elaborates and expands the guidance on accounting in the International Recommendations for Water Statistics (IRWS). UNSD coordinated the preparation of SEEA-Water in collaboration with the London Group on En...[Read full description]August 2012Accounting, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Human right to water and sanitation, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, Monitoring, Pollution, Tariffs, Valuation, Water management, Water quality, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), Statistics Divisionhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=479The WPP 2011 Annual Report offers examples of how program activities are strengthening the World Bank's water lending portfolio; securing access to water in a changing climate; and sustaining long-term water availability and quality toward achieving inclusive green growth. It presents key results and discusses WPP's impact across regions through work that addresses the complex interlinkages between water and other economic sectors, and includes a special focus on Africa.August 2012Capacity building, Climate change, Development cooperation, Energy, Food security, Green economy, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Water securityWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=475Executive summary of the United Nations World Water Development Report 4.August 2012Agriculture, Capacity building, Desertification, Disasters, Ecosystems, Energy, Financing, Gender, Health, Industry, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Investments, Risk management, Valuation, Vulnerability, Water allocation, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water qualityUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=470This special chapter of the report "Key indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2012" focuses on the environmental challenges Asia faces as it urbanizes. It begins by highlighting special features of Asia's urbanization. The chapter then discusses the environmental challenges associated with urbanization, covering topics such as access to water and sanitation, loss of natural ecosystems, and urban slums and poverty. Before concluding, the chapter offers a number of evidence-based policy options that can help achieve a win-win scenario of urban growth with improve...[Read full description]August 2012Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Green economy, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Utility servicesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=469This AQUASTAT report presents the most recent information available on water resources and their use in the 22 countries of the Southern and Eastern Asia region, and analyses the changes that have occurred since the first AQUASTAT survey in 1999. It gives a more detailed description of four transboundary river basins in the region, highlighting the different levels of cooperation and the agreements between countries located in the same river basin: the Ganges¿Brahmaputra¿Meghna basin, the Indus basin, the Mekong basin and the Salween basin.August 2012Agriculture, Dams, Disease, Environment, Food security, Health, Information and data, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, Legal aspects, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Water demand, Water management, Water policy, Water quality, WatershedsFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=464This publication offers good practice to help companies establish enduring relationships with a broad spectrum of stakeholders, leaders, and individuals to advance sustainable water management. Specifically, it: 1) identifies and characterizes various engagement methods and collective action models, 2) describes how companies can understand the nature of such collaborations, and 3) provides recommendations for how they can best organize and execute these actions.August 2012Community participation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Participation, Water governance, Water management, Water policyPacific Institute, United Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=463This report draws the attention of policymakers to urban and peri-urban horticulture (UPH), and how it can help to grow greener cities in Africa. Based on an Africa-wide survey and on case studies prepared by national experts, the report reviews the current state of UPH in countries across the continent, from Algeria to Zambia, and in cities from Nairobi to Dakar. It presents major findings, detailed profiles of urban and peri-urban horticulture in 22 countries and recommendations for the development of market gardens to serve Africa's rapidly growing urban p...[Read full description]August 2012Agriculture, Food security, Green economy, Livelihoods, Markets, Public policy, Urban areas, Urbanization, WastewaterFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=462This review, selection and documentation of articles emerged in response to the need to fill the knowledge gap on practical, concrete, and on the ground green economy country experience. The articles and excerpts included in this publication have been selected: to provide information and knowledge for policy and decision makers and practitioners on the positive implications of greening some priority sectors, including job creation, resource efficiency, and generally contribution to sustainable development through an extensive review of scientific publications...[Read full description]August 2012Communication, Dams, Green economy, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Sustainable developmentUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=461This paper outlines key initiatives of different agencies, including the initiatives of the United Nations (UN) System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEAW) and Eurostat, the recent efforts of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) or that of the European Environment Agency (EEA), to incorporate water-related indicators into wider systems of environmental accounting, as a step towards raising the profile of water's role in economic and environmental policy-making.August 2012Accounting, Environment, Green economy, Information and data, Monitoring, ValuationUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=454This report presents a state of the art assessment of existing monitoring/early warning systems (EWS) organized according to type of environmental threats, including among others hydro-meteorological hazards (desertification, droughts, floods, impacts of climate variability, severe weather, storms, and tropical cyclones), epidemics and food insecurity. It identifies current gaps and needs with the goal of laying out guidelines for developing a global multi-hazard early warning system. Chapter 1 introduces the basic concepts of early warning systems; Chapter 2...[Read full description]August 2012Desertification, Disaster prevention, Drought, Environment, Floods, Food security, Meteorology, Monitoring, Risk management, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=453This publication will provide the practitioner with strengthened skills to: assess the effect of water shortages on crop production; investigate the impact of climate change on crop yield; compare the results of several water allocations plans; optimize irrigation scheduling (either full, deficit or supplementary); and enhance management strategies for increased water productivity and water savings.August 2012Agriculture, Climate change, Food security, Irrigation, Practices and habits , Sustainable development, Technology, Water allocation, Water management, Water savingFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=452Excutive summary of report "Corporate Water Disclosure Guidelines: Public Exposure Draft".August 2012Corporate Social Responsibility, Industry, Information and data, Monitoring, Participation, Practices and habits , Risk management, Water demand, Water managementPacific Institute, United Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=451This document advances a common approach to corporate water disclosure that addresses the complexity and local nature of water resources, by 1) identifying common metrics that support harmonization and comparability over time and across companies, 2) providing guidance on how companies can assess the water topics that are the most relevant to them, 3) describing how companies can best report activities that are difficult to depict quantitatively, and 4) aligning corporate water management with disclosure so as to enable companies to understand which informati...[Read full description]August 2012Corporate Social Responsibility, Industry, Information and data, Monitoring, Participation, Practices and habits , Risk management, Water demand, Water managementPacific Institute, United Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=450This report aims to provide a conceptual framework to address food security under conditions of water scarcity in agriculture. The purpose of this report is twofold. First, to define a water accounting framework that allows water scarcity to be interpreted objectively. Second, to indicate where and how agricultural water management can play a more proactive and effective role in response to increasing concerns over global freshwater scarcity. The document offers views on the conceptual framework on which FAO's water scarcity programme should be based, propos...[Read full description]August 2012Accounting, Agriculture, Auditing, Food security, Virtual water, Water availability, Water demand, Water management, Water policy, Water scarcityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=449This publications includes a collection of papers presented at the Symposium "Climate change, water stress, conflict and migration" held on 21 September 2011 in The Hague, the Netherlands. It also provides a summary of the conclusions and recommendations of the symposium.August 2012Climate change, Conflicts, Disasters, Legal aspects, Livestock, Migration, Vulnerability, Water scarcity, Water securityAlliance for the University for Peace, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=448There is a tendency among practitioners to treat carbon and water footprints in a similar way. But water is not carbon, and although the two footprints have similarities, they differ in important ways and each tells its own story about pressure on the planet. In this context, Carbon and Water Footprints first analyses the origins of the carbon and water footprints. It makes a detailed exploration of the similarities and differences of aspects such as definition, methods of measurement, spatiotemporal dimensions, components, and entities for which the footpri...[Read full description]August 2012Climate change, Environment, Monitoring, Water footprintUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=447This publication summarizes initial research to understand and elucidate international and national legal trends relate to the human right to water and sanitation (HRWS), illustrating some of the current challenges businesses face in respecting this right, as well as the perspectives of potentially-affected communities, and lastly identifying areas of potential synergy with companies existing water stewardship efforts. The report is divided into 7 sections. Section A introduces the report. Section B outlines key developments in the broader business and human...[Read full description]August 2012Community participation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Gender, Human right to water and sanitation, Human rights, Legal aspects, Mining, Oil industry, Participation, Pollution, Water management, Water policyPacific Institute, United Nations Global Compacthttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=446This guidebook is intended to be a starting point for developing country governments, planners, and stakeholders who are carrying out technology needs assessment (TNAs) and technology action plans (TAPs) for adaptation to climate change. The guidebook reviews options for international financing of adaptation activities and projects in developing countries. It examines both public and private sources of funding and presents the most important technical criteria and concepts used by public donors and private financiers in evaluating proposals.The guidebook prov...[Read full description]August 2012Adaptation, Climate change, Cost recovery, Financing, Investments, TechnologyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=578This publication captures key national experiences in the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in school curricula, identifying good practice, noting issues addressed or still lacking, and reviewing learning outcomes. The study researched DRR related curriculum development and integration, pedagogy, student assessment, teacher professional development and guidance, learning outcomes and policy development, planning and implementation aspects covering thirty countries. Floods and droughts are among the water-related disasters addressed in the report.July 2012Disaster prevention, Drought, Education, Floods, ResilienceUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=528This glossary is a response to a request from the 6th session of the Committee on Water Resources at ESCWA, which called for a clearly explained vocabulary for use in describing internationally-shared surface and groundwater resources. Arabic language translations and explanations of such terminology are needed by water resources specialists from ESCWA member countries, who must negotiate treaties and agreements with non Arabic-speaking countries. This glossary may be employed in a variety of ways. Users seeking the explanation or Arabic language translation...[Read full description]July 2012Environment, Hydrology, Legal aspects, Meteorology, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water management, Water qualityFederal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources of Germany (BGR), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UNESCWA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=485This manual is designed to engage, empower and guide communities in the development and implementation of water safety plans (WSPs) for their drinking-water systems. It provides guidance on how to apply effective and achievable management actions in order to improve the safety and quality of supplied water. Relevant to all community-managed systems, it is applicable to piped schemes, point sources such as hand pumps, protected springs or household rainwater harvesting systems and other sources. The guidance provided is valid for both new and existing schemes.July 2012Capacity building, Community participation, Health, Risk management, Small-scale providers, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=483This working paper lays out basic proposals for a common methodology to track WASH financial flows at the national level. It outlines a process that countries will need to go through in order to derive more comprehensive and reliable estimates of spending on WASH at the national level. The objectives of this working paper are twofold:(1) to determine the state of the evidence on the monitoring and reporting of financial flows to the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector at the national level;(2) if knowledge gaps are confirmed, to identify the key tenet...[Read full description]July 2012Drinking water, Education, Financing, Health, Hygiene, Information and data, Monitoring, Sanitation, Tariffs, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=478The 2012 Africa MDG Report tracks progress to the MDGs and offers a perspective on the continent's development priorities for the post-2015 development agenda. Target 7C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation, is analysed in Section II.July 2012Drinking water, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Post-2015 agenda, Poverty reduction, Public policy, Sanitation, Water supplyAfrican Development Bank (AfDB), African Union Commission (AUC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=477This Technical Paper presents lessons learned from the application of the Focus, Opportunity, Ability, and Motivation (FOAM) framework to identify handwashing determinants. The discussion focuses on findings from the analysis of data collected in Peru and Senegal and provides practical recommendations for researchers and program managers working in handwashing promotion. In addition to offering a rationale for measuring handwashing determinants, the paper describes the FOAM framework and details the process used to measure the determinants, focusing on lesson...[Read full description]July 2012Behaviour change, Health, Hygiene, Information and data, Monitoring, Practices and habits World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=474Summary for policymakers of Report "Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change".July 2012Adaptation, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Resilience, Risk management, VulnerabilityIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=473This report focuses on the relationship between climate change and extreme weather and climate events, the impacts of such events, and the strategies to manage the associated risks. In particular, it contributes to frame the challenge of dealing with extreme weather and climate events as an issue in decision-making under uncertainty, analyzing response in the context of risk management. The report consists of nine chapters, covering risk management; observed and projected changes in extreme weather and climate events; exposure and vulnerability to as well as ...[Read full description]July 2012Adaptation, Climate change, Communication, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Disease, Drought, Economic impact, Ecosystem services, Education, Floods, Food security, Legal aspects, Resilience, Risk management, Sustainable development, VulnerabilityIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=456This report addresses the large flood exposures of Central Europe and proposes efficient financial and risk transfer mechanisms to mitigate fiscal losses from natural catastrophes. In particular, the Visegrad countries of Central Europe, namely, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and the Slovak Republic, have such tremendous potential flood damages that reliance on budgetary appropriations or even European Union (EU) funds in such circumstances becomes ineffective and does not provide needed cash funds for the quick response and recovery needed to minimize ...[Read full description]July 2012Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Financing, Floods, Legal aspects, Risk management, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=158This Working Paper synthesizes the work of the WSP in operationalizing sustainable rural sanitation and shares lessons learned. Key components are introduced and illustrated with examples from the field: Chapter I. 'Overview' shares the sector context that shaped WSP's approach to rural sanitation; the status of rural sanitation in countries where the program was initially implemented; and introduces the programmatic and operational approaches that have been tested at scale; Chapter II. 'Programmatic Approaches to Create Demand, Change Behaviours, and Increas...[Read full description]July 2012Behaviour change, Capacity building, Financing, Marketing, Rural areas, Sanitation, Small-scale providers, Utility servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=154The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012 presents a world review of fisheries, aquaculture (including freshwater aquaculture) and related issues. It provides trends and statistics, highlights issues debated worldwide and profiles future scenarios.July 2012Aquaculture, Disasters, Economic impact, Ecosystems, Energy, Food security, Gender, RecreationFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=142This annual report, coordinated by the Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, presents a global assessment of progress to date towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), based on data provided by a large number of international organizations within and outside the United Nations system. The aggregate figures in the report provide an overview of regional progress under the eight goals and are a convenient way to track advances over time. Water and sanitation are included in the chapter dedicated to Goal 7.July 2012Drinking water, Equity, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water supplyUnited Nations (UN)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=135This report presents case studies on successful Asian water utilities. The case studies provide objective, accurate, and critical analyses of urban water management practices in eight Asian cities (Bangkok, Colombo, Jamshedpur, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Phnom Penh, Shenzhen and Singapore) over a 10-year period.July 2012Consumer satisfaction, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Sanitation, Urban areas, Utility services, Water availability, Water governance, Water policy, Water quality, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB), National University of Singaporehttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=669The GEO Reports analyze environmental states and trends at the global and regional scales, describe plausible outlooks for various time frames and formulate policy options. Chapter 4 focuses on water issues.June 2012Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Environment, Health, Human right to water and sanitation, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Pollution, Risk management, Technology, Water cooperation, Water demand, Water governance, Water policy, Water quality, Water scarcity, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=586Whereas day to day management of groundwater resources takes place within the national sphere, and often at local level, domestic regulatory systems cannot be seen in isolation from international legal frameworks when transboundary aquifers are concerned. In that case international law determines states rights and obligations to which domestic law has to be made compatible. The legal framework for groundwater management should provide answers to key questions such as, who can access groundwater, where, for which purposes and under which conditions? How are aq...[Read full description]June 2012Groundwater, Legal aspects, Transboundary waters, Water cooperation, Water governance, Water quality, Water User AssociationsFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=582This paper starts by pointing to the large, remaining gaps in our understanding of how water is an integral part of society and its relationship to the planet's environment. It recognizes that, at their root, all modes of tapping, distributing, and managing water supplies are the result of organized human effort, usually achieved through institutions. The authors address the role of governance of subsurface water, which according to many practitioners and observers remains largely uncharted, incompletely assessed, and notably uncertain and complex. June 2012Groundwater, Water allocation, Water governance, Water policyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=580This Thematic Paper focuses on the conventional and non conventional use of aquifers, encroachment into the subsurface space and the evolution of groundwater "frontiers" to the extent that they impact aquifers and pose new challenges for groundwater governance. Some uses of underground space, such as mining, are not new, but the scale and intensity of mining activity and the environmental consequence of groundwater recovery in abandoned mines are such that groundwater legislation is having to "catch up". The same applies to the controversial use of hydrofract...[Read full description]June 2012Groundwater, Mining, Oil industry, Pollution, Water governanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=476This manual describes a practical technique for appraising or evaluating small-scale interventions that seek to provide safer and more accessible drinking-water to rural people. The manual is primarily aimed at experts who are involved in advising on the most appropriate drinking-water interventions to install in small-scale, mainly rural, settings. These experts may be working in any of the disciplines relevant to drinking-water. They include health professionals, engineers and economists. The manual presents practical techniques in a way that will satisfy t...[Read full description]June 2012Drinking water, Economic instruments, Rural areas, Small-scale providers, Water services, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=458This Report provides examples of cities in Africa and beyond that have already implemented Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) approaches both in terms of technical and institutional solutions. Case studies explore the ways in which IUWM can help meet future water demand in African cities.June 2012Disasters, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Participation, Rainwater harvesting, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Wastewater, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water security, Water supply, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=156Based on a global survey assessing the progress and outcomes of the application of integrated approaches to the development, management and use of water resources, this UN-Water report includes lessons learned and recommendations, as well as focus areas for action. The report also provides guidance for establishing a regular international monitoring and reporting framework to promote sustainable development and management of water resources.June 2012Climate change, Economic impact, Energy, Environment, Financing, Food security, Information and data, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Participation, Perceptions, Sustainable development, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water policyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=150This document synthesizes key findings, conclusions, and recommendations from country specific endline assessment reports from India, Indonesia, and Tanzania to provide guidance and insight to other countries seeking to create large-scale sustainable rural sanitation programs. June 2012Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Rural areas, Sanitation, Utility services, Water governanceWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=149This report focuses on the huge potential to narrow the child survival gap between the richest and the poorest by focusing on pneumonia and diarrhoea - the two primary killers of children under the age of five. Apart from identifying key prevention measures and treatment coverage needs, the report estimates children's lives saved by scaling up key interventions in an equitable way and presents an array of data showing progress and challenges over the past several decades.June 2012Children, Disease, Drinking water, Health, Hygiene, Poverty, Sanitation, Water securityUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=148This technical report aims to provide practical guidance and recommendations in managing concerns over pharmaceuticals in drinking-water, taking into consideration the available scientific knowledge and evidence. It emphasizes the importance to prioritize this emerging issue in the overall context of water safety management, which includes microbial and other chemical risks that may threaten the safety of drinking-water.June 2012Drinking water, Health, Pollution, Water quality, Water security, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=141The aim of this study is to analyze the impediments to better groundwater governance within a given political economy and to propose recommendations to address key governance issues. The report tries to answer the questions: Why has groundwater governance failed to stop the emergence of very serious threats to the resource? What are the impediments to improving groundwater governance? What are the options to overcome those impediments? Implicit in the report approach is recognition of the importance of groundwater resources in promoting developing country ada...[Read full description]June 2012Aquifer recharge, Community participation, Conflicts, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Negotiation, Peacebuilding, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water qualityWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=140This resource manual aims at helping to manage natural values within World Heritage properties. The intention is to help managers understand and incorporate World Heritage concepts and processes into natural site management. Many of the management principles described will apply to any type of protected area, but here special emphasis is given to those management considerations most relevant to World Heritage status.June 2012Capacity building, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Environment, MonitoringInternational Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM), International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=139This publication highlights UNDP-GEF International Waters portfolio results achieved across four UNDP-GEF programmes: Large Marine Ecosystems; Transboundary Lakes, rivers and Aquifers; Integrated Water resources and Coastal Area Management; and Global Programmes. A series of project case studies review delivery of results in the context of the GEF International Waters focal area's Results Indicator's framework. The publication also includes an overview of cumulative results delivery across the entire UNDP-GEF International Waters portfolio since 1991.June 2012Coastal zones, Ecosystems, Information and data, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Lakes, Rivers, Transboundary watersGlobal Environmental Facility (GEF), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=138This roadmap provides a set of programming principles which encourage the water sector to attract local financing, use up idle water system capacity, and improve the existing monitoring and evaluation system. The document proposes Rp 7 trillion in sector financing, relying on myriad sources which include revolving funds, public-private partnerships, overseas funding sources and local investment. Key to the success of expanding and sustaining water supply will be to carry out technical assistance programs that improve the absorptive capacity of local service p...[Read full description]June 2012Financing, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Utility services, Water governance, Water services, Water supplyIndonesia Ministry of Public Works, World Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=137This report presents a framework that offers a long-term perspective on human well-being and sustainability, based on a comprehensive analysis of nation's productive base and their link to economic development. The Inclusive Wealth Report (IWR) 2012 was developed on the notion that current economic production indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Human Development Index (HDI) are insufficient, as they fail to reflect the state of natural resources or ecological conditions, and focus exclusively on the short term, without indicating whether n...[Read full description]June 2012Accounting, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Sustainable development, Valuation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations University-International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=136This study assesses advances in management practices, institutional and technological innovations for managing water scarcity sustainably under a changing climate. The report has the following specific objectives, reflected in the structure of the report: 1) To provide a brief overview of the status of water resources in East Asia, including the diversity of climates, the extent of physical water scarcity and potential changing climate impacts; 2) To summarize major management measures being implemented in selected countries where water is, or has the potenti...[Read full description]June 2012Climate change, Green economy, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, River Basin Management, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Water governance, Water management, Water scarcity, Water securityWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=133The GEO Reports analyze environmental states and trends at the global and regional scales, describe plausible outlooks for various time frames and formulate policy options. The GEO-5 Water Chapter assesses progress towards achieving water-related goals in major multilateral environmental agreements identified by the GEO-5 High-Level Intergovernmental Advisory Panel and regional consultations and highlights a series of messages. The chapter focuses on the state, trends and impacts of the water environment, with references to drivers (Part 1) and responses (Par...[Read full description]June 2012Ecosystem services, Environment, Health, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Pollution, Risk management, Technology, Water demand, Water governance, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=131This book provides a succinct narrative and analysis of the 20 year history of GEF projects. While the Rio +20 conference provided the initial rationale for the book, it is intended to have lasting value for anyone interested in issues about the green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, or about the institutional framework for sustainable development. The book also draws on the tangible experience of GEF projects in the field and offers compelling and pertinent stories that demonstrate the GEF's accomplishments, evolutio...[Read full description]June 2012Biodiversity, Community participation, Ecosystems, Energy, Financing, Forests, Green economy, Investments, Sustainable development, Transboundary watersGlobal Environmental Facility (GEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=130This booklet presents UNEP's comparative advantages and its catalytic role in influencing other partners and UN agencies in meeting global water challenges. It highlights a few of the organisation's achievements and success stories over time as well as contemporary water challenges for further considerations along with partners as part of the international agenda. The cases presented illustrate UNEP's work at the global, regional, national, catchment and sub-catchment levels. Themes covered include water quality, restoring ecosystems, coping with climate chan...[Read full description]June 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Ecosystem services, Financing, Green economy, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Pollution, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water management, WatershedsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=129This study seeks to examine the personal experiences of people who have become refugees or internally displaced persons in the East and Horn of Africa, and to better understand: 1) How they perceive and manage the impact of climatic change and increased environmental stress in their areas of origin; 2) The ways in which growing environmental stressors interact with other factors affecting their lives and livelihoods; 3) How, and to what extent, climatic and environmental change has contributed to their vulnerability or resilience; 4) If, how and to what exten...[Read full description]June 2012Adaptation, Climate change, Perceptions, Refugees, Vulnerability, Water scarcityUnited Nations University-Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=127This preliminary background Note is divided into four parts: 1) A "history" of the call for financial sustainability and cost recovery, and the parallel documenting of the lack of progress; 2) An outline of options to be considered for achieving financial sustainability of Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) service providers and recovering WSS service costs through tariffs. 3) A discussion on what makes financial sustainability of irrigation projects different from WSS projects; and 4) A summary of recommendations to teams involved in the identification, prepa...[Read full description]June 2012Cost recovery, Fee collection, Financing, Irrigation, Sanitation, Water supplyInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=480The System of Environmental Economic Accounts (SEEA) Central Framework was adopted as the international statistics standard for environmental-economic accounts by the UN Statistical Commission in 2012. It contains the internationally agreed standard concepts, definitions, classifications, accounting rules and tables for producing internationally comparable statistics on the environment and its relationship with the economy.May 2012Accounting, Economic instruments, Environment, Information and data, ValuationEuropean Commission (EC), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), Statistics Division, World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=171This publication gives special attention to the needs related to capacity development for water resources management, including water supply and sanitation, in the context of the green economy. This is done by showcasing theoretical and practical approaches which have proved to be successful. The 11 case studies in this book cover the entire range from innovative design and delivery of capacity development programmes related to water in the green economy, market mechanisms, and quality control procedures supporting capacity development success towards the pra...[Read full description]May 2012Agriculture, Arid zones, Capacity building, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Infrastructure, Markets, Monitoring, Practices and habits , Sanitation, Technology, Wastewater, Water demand, Water management, Water quality, Water security, Water supplyUN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=157In October 2011, the World Bank, the Water Partnership Program, the Water and Sanitation Program, and partners convened the Water Hackaton - a simultaneous staging of 10 hackathon events globally - to raise awareness of 1) water problems among the technology community and 2) Information and Communication Technologies solutions among water experts. The Water Hackathon sought to highlight the development role of ICT applications in water management, service delivery, ensuring transparency and driving citizen participation. This report summarizes project outputs...[Read full description]May 2012Communication, Information and data, Participation, TechnologyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=134This study aims to estimate global, regional and country-level costs and benefits of drinking-water supply and sanitation interventions to meet the MDG target in 2015, and to attain universal coverage. The report updates previous economic analyses conducted by the World Health Organization, using new Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) coverage rates, costs of services, income levels and health indicators. Benefit-cost ratios (BCR) and costs are estimated to meet the MDG drinking water and sanitation target and to attain universal access of basic services. Rura...[Read full description]May 2012Drinking water, Economic impact, Health, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Sustainable development, Utility services, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=126The Little Green Data Book is a pocket-sized ready reference on key environmental data for over 200 economies. Key indicators are organized under the headings of agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The 2012 edition of The Little Green Data Book includes a focus story on oceans and its ecosystem services, as well as estimates of global marine fisheries wealth accounts.May 2012Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Energy, Environment, Forests, Health, Information and data, SanitationInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=124This report analyses the different ways for quantifying and accounting for water flows and productivity within the economy (including environmental needs). Based on data from the literature, the report provides the current state of knowledge of the different indicators and tools for quantifying water productivity and highlights why this is important for developing robust allocation and management systems that preserve the natural capital. The report focuses on two main elements: 1) the conceptual background and knowledge on how water use puts pressure on the ...[Read full description]May 2012Accounting, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Information and data, Sustainable development, Virtual water, Vulnerability, Water balance, Water footprint, Water governance, Water policy, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=98Summary of Africa Human Development Report 2012. Towards a Food Secure Future.May 2012Agriculture, Equity, Food security, Gender, Health, Irrigation, Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Vulnerable groups, Water managementUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Regional Bureau for Africa (RBA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=97The 2012 Human Development Report for Africa explores why hunger remains pervasive in the region, despite abundant agricultural resources, a favourable growing climate, and rapid economic growth rates. The water issue is addressed all along the report. Water management and irrigation are analysed in Chapter 2 while Chapter 3 addresses persistent challenges and emerging threats to food security, including soil and water-related environmental challenges.May 2012Agriculture, Equity, Food security, Gender, Health, Irrigation, Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Vulnerable groups, Water managementUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Regional Bureau for Africa (RBA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=581This document synthesizes the 12 thematic papers and case studies prepared by the Groundwater Governance project in an effort to review the global situation of groundwater governance and develop of a Global Groundwater Diagnostic. This diagnostic presents current knowledge and experience concerning key economic, policy, institutional, environmental and technical aspects of groundwater management, and addresses emerging issues and innovative approaches.April 2012Groundwater, Water governanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=465The recommendations included in this report were developed to assist countries establish and strengthen information systems for water, which in turn support the design and evaluation of better water policies. In particular, these recommendations support the collection, compilation and dissemination of internationally comparable water statistics in countries, as well as the implementation of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEA-Water). They also provide the necessary information for deriving coherent and consistent indicators, enabling...[Read full description]April 2012Accounting, Economic instruments, Environment, Information and data, Monitoring, ValuationUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), Statistics Divisionhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=170This report summarizes main conclusions from the Global Forum on Sanitation and Hygiene held 9-14 October 2011 in Mumbai, India. The report is centred upon the key themes of the Forum: Leadership, Equity and Inclusion, Behaviour Change, Accelerating Change and PartnershipsApril 2012Behaviour change, Equity, Hygiene, Participation, Practices and habits , Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Sustainable developmentWater Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=151This report examines best international practices in sludge management, analyzes the current situation in the People's Republic of China (PRC) relative to this best practice, and suggests a pathway for the PRC to modernize its approach to sludge management. In particular, it highlights the trend towards viewing sludge as a resource with opportunities for beneficial use that result in considerable environmental and energy-saving benefits.April 2012Economic impact, Energy, Infrastructure, Pollution, Recycling, Urbanization, Wastewater, Water treatmentAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=121The objective of the UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) is to monitor the inputs required to extend and sustain water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) systems and services. This includes the components of the "enabling environment": documenting government policy and institutional frameworks; the volume, sources and targeting of investment; the sufficiency of human resources; priorities and gaps with respect to external assistance; and the influence of these factors on performance. A secondary goal is to analyse the ...[Read full description]April 2012Development cooperation, Drinking water, Equity, Financing, Gender, Health, Human resources, Human right to water and sanitation, Human rights, Hygiene, Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Utility services, Water governance, Water policy, Water services, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=120This study undertakes a vulnerability assessment of the freshwater resources of the Pacific Island Countries (PICs). The approach assumes that the vulnerability of freshwater resources is dependent upon the resources available to meet the productive, consumptive and environment uses; the pollution and development pressures; and the management capacity to respond to these pressures. This approach highlights the importance of drivers such as climate variability and change, population growth, urban migration and economic development to water resource vulnerabili...[Read full description]April 2012Climate change, Information and data, Islands, State of water resources, Vulnerability, Water availability, Water securityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=118This study aims to empirically estimate the economic impacts of current poor sanitation conditions in Pakistan as well as the economic benefits of options for improved conditions. The study's ultimate goal is to provide policy makers at both national and local levels with evidence to justify larger investments in improving the sanitation conditions in the country. It also provides recommendations, again based on empirical evidence, for effectively planning and implementing sustainable sanitation and hygiene programs.April 2012Economic impact, Health, Investments, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=117This publication consolidates the highlights from several recent ADB technical assistance studies that relate to improving disaster risk management and water resources management in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The studies provided good references for examining how the PRC could holistically and simultaneously address its issues of water scarcity especially drought, environmental degradation, fragmented and uncoordinated management, and climate-related disasters. The publication is organized into five chapters. Each chapter begins by summarizing the ...[Read full description]April 2012Disaster prevention, Drought, Ecosystem services, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Risk management, Urban areas, Water management, Water scarcityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=100This study analyses the key challenges facing the urban poor, given the risks associated with climate change and disasters, particularly with regard to the delivery of basic services, and identifies strategies and financing opportunities for addressing these risks. The main audience for this study includes mayors and other city managers, national governments, donors, and practitioners in the fields of climate change, disaster-risk management and urban development.The study is organized in four chapters covering (1) a broad look at climate change and disaster ...[Read full description]April 2012Climate change, Disaster prevention, Drought, Financing, Floods, Infrastructure, Investments, Poverty, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Risk management, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Utility services, Vulnerable groupsInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=227Facts and figures from the United Nations World Water Development Report 4 'Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk'.March 2012Agriculture, Capacity building, Desertification, Disasters, Ecosystems, Energy, Financing, Groundwater, Health, Industry, Investments, Risk management, Urban areas, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water management, Water qualityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=226Briefing note from WWDR4 for the educational, technological and scientific community.March 2012Technology, Water demand, Water management, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=225Briefing note from WWDR4 for the business community.March 2012Energy, Industry, Technology, Water demand, Water scarcity, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=224Briefing note from WWDR4 for donors and development NGOs.March 2012Climate change, Financing, Water managementUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=223Briefing note from WWDR4 for lay public, civil society and faith leaders.March 2012Behaviour change, Community participation, Practices and habits , Water demand, Water scarcityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=222Briefing note from WWDR4 for central government and local government mayors and officialsMarch 2012Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Water demand, Water managementUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=221Briefing note from WWDR4 for water service providers.March 2012Adaptation, Financing, Investments, Technology, Water demand, Water managementUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=220Briefing note from WWDR4 for International Finance Institutions (IFIs) and commercial financiers.March 2012Financing, InvestmentsUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=216Overview of key messages from the United Nations World Water Development Report 4 'Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk'.March 2012Financing, Investments, Risk management, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water governance, Water managementUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=153This publication presents the proceedings from the joint workshop co-organized by the World Bank, GFDRR, UNISDR and WMO in Washington, D.C. on March 12, 2012. The purpose of the workshop was to share best practices and experience in innovative and state-of-the-art hydrometeorological services and their use in disaster risk reduction mechanisms that are effectively protecting lives, livelihood, and assets. The first part of the workshop focused on best practices in hydro and weather hazard monitoring and early warning for extreme events. The second part focuse...[Read full description]March 2012Disaster prevention, Economic impact, Floods, Meteorology, Risk managementUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), World Meteorological Organization (WMO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=152This study reviews the experience of cooperation in five international river basins, focusing on the perceptions of risks and opportunities by decision makers in countries responding to a specific prospect of cooperation. For each basin, the analysis is centered on "tipping points," or periods in time when policymakers in the countries involved were faced with a critical decision concerning water cooperation. The use of historical events was used in order to help avoid the risk that the analyses would impact current negotiations or controversies. River basins...[Read full description]March 2012Negotiation, Perceptions, Risk management, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water governance, WatershedsWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=146This compendium of good practices on the human right to water and sanitation provides discussion and analysis of existing practices, with the aim of inspiring policy and decision-makers, practitioners, activists and civil society in general to engage with the rights to water and sanitation and to assist in the difficult but crucial process of ensuring that everyone has access to safe drinking water and sanitation services for all basic daily personal and domestic purposes. Practices have been organised into four main types, and the chapters are named accordin...[Read full description]March 2012Drinking water, Emergency situations, Environment, Equity, Financing, Gender, Human right to water and sanitation, Human rights, Hygiene, Legal aspects, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Negotiation, Participation, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water governance, Water quality, Water supplyUN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitationhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=122This report spotlights the major challenges and the opportunities that lie ahead in faecal sludge management and summarizes the findings from four case studies that describe the current and potential market for sludge removal, collection, and disposal in peri-urban areas. These areas, inhabited by a variety of ethnic, religious, and cultural groups, typically struggle with high population density, insufficient land use planning, high citizen insecurity, and low coverage with basic services. The report demonstrates how technical, financial, environmental, soci...[Read full description]March 2012Livelihoods, Marketing, Markets, Perceptions, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, Wastewater, Water governance, Water operators, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=115This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=114This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=113This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=112This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=110This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=107This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=106This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=105This study is part of a series of studies which provide an estimation of economic impacts on populations without access to improved sanitation in order to provide information on the losses to society of the current sanitation situation. While not all these economic impacts can be immediately recovered from improved sanitation practices, it provides a perspective on the short- and longer-term economic gains that are available to countries through a range of policies to mitigate these impacts. March 2012Disease, Economic impact, Equity, Health, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty, Sanitation, Vulnerable groups, WastewaterWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=95This document presents the co-operation arrangement between The Water Supply and Sewerage Authority of Ulaanbaatar City and Vitens-Evides in the framework of the Global Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance. The aim of the water operators' partnership was to help the Ulaanbaatar water authority become a financially sustainable and autonomous water services utility. The report looks at how the partnership was set up, implemented and monitored; the changes and improvements it brought about in the partner utility; and its impact - both achieved and anticipated ...[Read full description]March 2012Public-private partnerships (PPP), Utility services, Water operators, Water supply, Water treatmentGlobal Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance (GWOPA), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=94This document presents a co-operation arrangement between the Indah Water Konsortium from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and PDAM Tirtanadi from Medan, Indonesia, in the framework of the Global Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance. The water operators' partnership was organized chiefly around the development and implementation of a sanitation promotional campaign for Medan. The report looks at the partnership outcomes, its impact, success factors and next steps.March 2012Public-private partnerships (PPP), Utility services, Water operators, Water supply, Water treatmentGlobal Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance (GWOPA), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=93This document presents a co-operation arrangement between the Metro-Cebu Water District in the Philippines and City West Water in Australia in the framework of the Global Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance. The partnership set out to identify and address priority operational improvements and to train Metro Cebu staff on key operational processes. Agreed focus areas were non-revenue water reduction, water distribution, data collection and management systems. The report looks at how the partnership was set up, implemented and monitored; the changes and impr...[Read full description]March 2012Public-private partnerships (PPP), Utility services, Water operators, Water supply, Water treatmentGlobal Water Operators' Partnerships Alliance (GWOPA), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=91Produced by the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC), this reader is intended for all those interested in getting familiar with issues related to water and food security. The reader provides basic references for easy reading and some of the latest and most relevant United Nations publications on the issue. Links are provided when the publication is available online.March 2012Agriculture, Climate change, Ecosystems, Food security, Gender, Human rights, Land degradation, Poverty, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=86This document discusses the need to balance short-term water productivity gains - in particular in agriculture - with the long-term role that water flows provide for maintaining sustainable landscape ecosystem services, and serving multiple benefits to human well-being. The document provides a summary of concepts around the nexus of water productivity, water flows in landscapes and ecosystem services. It gives examples (through case studies) on the trade-offs and opportunities between water productivity improvements and the water-related services provided by ...[Read full description]March 2012Agriculture, Ecosystem services, Environment, Forests, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Livelihoods, Water security, WetlandsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=81This paper outlines key initiatives from the United Nations System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEAW), Eurostat, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the European Environment Agency (EEA), to incorporate water-related indicators into wider systems of environmental accounting, as a step towards raising the profile of water's role in economic and environmental policy-making.March 2012Accounting, Environment, Monitoring, State of water resources, Water managementUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=76This report presents a summary of an analysis of the evolution of 10 major external forces ('drivers') that have direct and indirect consequences for water managers, including: Agriculture; Climate change and variability; Demography, Economy and security; Ethics, society and culture; Governance and institutions; Infrastructure; Politics; Technology; and Water resources. Part One describes the World Water Scenarios Project phases and the approach for the driver' s analysis. Part Two highlights some of the key aspects of the current situation in each driver's d...[Read full description]March 2012Agriculture, Climate change, Culture, Ethics, Infrastructure, Scenarios, Technology, Water governance, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=75Groundwater and Global Change calls attention to groundwater issues. It aims to enhance awareness of this resource and increase knowledge on how to better use and protect it, including taking optimal advantage of groundwater's unique buffer capacity, which may mitigate problems resulting from increasing demographic, economic, environmental and climate change pressures. The publication highlights the groundwater issues that deserve to be taken into account in the international water agenda, and hopes to contribute to the correct understanding of these issues i...[Read full description]March 2012Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water qualityUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=74This report provides an initial exploration of long-range global water scenarios as a contribution to the fourth World Water Development Report (WWDR4). It offers qualitative summaries of possible futures as input to the deliberations of the Scenario Focus Group (SFG), the WWDR4's collective of decision-makers, modellers, and scenario and sectoral experts. The purpose is to open the discussion on the universe of possible trajectories of the world water system.March 2012Scenarios, State of water resources, Water governanceUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=73The World Water Development Report gives an overall picture of the state of the world's freshwater resources and analyses pressures from decisions that drive demand for water and affect its availability. It offers tools and response options to help leaders in government, the private sector and civil society address current and future challenges and suggests ways in which institutions can be reformed. This 4th edition introduces a new thematic approach (Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk), and directly reports from the regions, highlighting hotspots. It...[Read full description]March 2012Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Disasters, Drought, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Food security, Health, Legal aspects, Risk management, River Basin Management, State of water resources, Tourism, Transboundary waters, Water allocation, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=72The World Water Development Report gives an overall picture of the state of the world's freshwater resources and analyses pressures from decisions that drive demand for water and affect its availability. It offers tools and response options to help leaders in government, the private sector and civil society address current and future challenges and suggests ways in which institutions can be reformed. This 4th edition introduces a new thematic approach (Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk), and directly reports from the regions, highlighting hotspots. It...[Read full description]March 2012Agriculture, Capacity building, Desertification, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Drylands, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Financing, Gender, Groundwater, Health, Industry, Investments, Risk management, State of water resources, Urban areas, Valuation, Water allocation, Water availability, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=71The World Water Development Report gives an overall picture of the state of the world's freshwater resources and analyses pressures from decisions that drive demand for water and affect its availability. It offers tools and response options to help leaders in government, the private sector and civil society address current and future challenges and suggests ways in which institutions can be reformed. This 4th edition introduces a new thematic approach (Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk), and directly reports from the regions, highlighting hotspots. It...[Read full description]March 2012Agriculture, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Financing, Gender, Health, Industry, Information and data, Investments, Poverty reduction, Risk management, State of water resources, Valuation, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=70This Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation reports every two years on access to drinking water and sanitation worldwide and on progress towards related targets under Millennium Development Goal 7 "to halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation". The estimates presented in the 2012 report describe the situation as of end-2010 and supersede those of the JMP update published in March 2010. Monitoring draws on the findings of household surveys and censuses usually supported by nationa...[Read full description]March 2012Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=169This report introduces UNESCO's Water Education programme, an IHP initiative focused on "an integrated understanding of biological and hydrological processes at a catchment's scale in order to create a scientific basis for a new, cost-effective and systemic approach to the sustainable management of freshwater resources". The report identifies examples of best practices on water education in the region at all educational levels; analyzes examples of best practices to identify barriers and opportunities; proposes recommendations to enable effective water educat...[Read full description]February 2012Education, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Sustainable development, Water managementUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=168This report assesses the design and implementation of two World Bank-supported programs - The Ouagadougou Strategic Sanitation Plan in Burkina Faso and the Dakar Periurban On-site Sanitation Program in Senegal - by evaluating their methodologies, financial and technical parameters as well as understanding the policy and legal framework in order to replicate their key features where applicable. Section I reviews the trends of the urban sanitation market in West Africa and the rationale for public interventions in sanitation. Section II summarizes the main desi...[Read full description]February 2012Cost recovery, Financing, Investments, Markets, Participation, Private sector participation (PSP), Sanitation, Urban areas, Utility services, Wastewater, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=167In response to the prolonged and widespread flooding throughout Thailand in 2011, the Royal Thai Government, in conjunction with the World Bank and other development partners, undertook this rapid assessment of the impact of the floods in 26 of the 66 affected provinces. This report outlines these findings, including damage and loss estimates and social and economic impacts, and proposes strategies for resilient recovery and reconstruction planning.February 2012Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Emergency situations, Floods, Health, Risk managementWorld Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=163Summary report of Sustainable development 20 years from the Earth Summit. Progress, gaps and strategic guidelines for Latin America and the Caribbean.February 2012Desertification, Development cooperation, Disasters, Drought, Economic impact, Energy, Environment, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Investments, Islands, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Participation, Poverty, Sustainable development, Water managementEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=162This publication describes the progress made and the gaps that remain in implementing global commitments on sustainable development since 1992. Based on the deficiencies that persist and the challenges that continue to arise, it proposes guidelines for moving towards sustainable development. The water issue is addressed all along the report, especially in Chapter II where the issue of water resource management is considered and in Chapter IV which addresses the issue of freshwater resources and water management in the context of sustainable development.February 2012Desertification, Development cooperation, Disasters, Drought, Economic impact, Energy, Environment, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Investments, Islands, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Participation, Poverty, Sustainable development, Water managementEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=161This manual is the first of three related volumes prepared for the use of prospective and actual owners, operators, managements, technical staff, consultants, government planners and contractors of small water supply systems in the Philippines. Its purpose is to introduce the key concepts and considerations involved in the design of small waterworks facilities. For non-technical readers who are involved in the management and operation of small water supply systems, rather than in their actual design and construction, the text will be useful in understanding a...[Read full description]February 2012Rural areas, Small-scale providers, Water supplyWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=160This primer is concerned with energy use and efficiency of network-based water supply and wastewater treatment in urban areas. It focuses on the supply side of the municipal water cycle, including the extraction, treatment, and distribution of water, and collection and treatment of wastewater-activities which are directly managed by water and wastewater utilities (WWUs).February 2012Capacity building, Community management, Economic instruments, Energy, Investments, Poverty reduction, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Urban areas, Utility services, Wastewater, Water supply, Water treatmentInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=119This report lays out an approach, using modelling techniques and a statistical tool known as Quantifiable Microbial Risk Assessment, by which the relative effectiveness of different wastewater management strategies can be assessed in terms of optimising health benefits to downstream populations. The conclusions of the study provide an indication of how such methods could increasingly be used to enable the selection of cost-effective and appropriate wastewater management strategies. The analysis presented here has the potential to increasingly inform the debat...[Read full description]February 2012Agriculture, Disease, Health, Information and data, Irrigation, Recycling, Risk management, Sanitation, Utility services, Wastewater, Water quality, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=90The purpose of the UNEP Foresight Process is to produce, every two years, a careful and authoritative ranking of the most important emerging issues related to the global environment. The output of the UNEP Foresight Process is a ranked list of 21 emerging issues described in a way that reflects their linkages to the various dimensions of sustainable development. The issues relate to the major themes of the global environment, as well as important cross-cutting issues. The chapter on Freshwaters and Marine Issues addresses two main water-related issues: New In...[Read full description]February 2012Adaptation, Biodiversity, Climate change, Energy, Environment, Sustainable development, Technology, Wastewater, Water conservation United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=89Part2. Assessment Form. The overall goal of this toolkit is to help countries minimize the impact of future health crises by assessing the capacity of their health systems to respond to various threats and identify gaps. The toolkit can be used to stimulate communication and coordination at all stages of preparing for and managing a health crisis. The toolkit comprises an user manual (Part 1) and an assessment form (Part 2). Areas covered include water safety, sanitation and hygiene among others.February 2012Emergency situations, HealthWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=88Part1. User manual.The overall goal of this toolkit is to help countries minimize the impact of future health crises by assessing the capacity of their health systems to respond to various threats and identify gaps. The toolkit can be used to stimulate communication and coordination at all stages of preparing for and managing a health crisis. The toolkit comprises an user manual (Part 1) and an assessment form (Part 2). Areas covered include water safety, sanitation and hygiene among others.February 2012Disasters, Disease, Emergency situations, Health, Water qualityWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=87This document presents the findings of a study on sanitation finance in Cambodia. This guidance note contains an introduction on sanitation financing and subsidies, stating the cases for subsidies as well as some of their practical pitfalls. The study used data (as of late 2009) from two case studies of rural sanitation finance in Cambodia to illustrate the practical issues, supplemented by preliminary data from two sanitation marketing projects. The study also examined the potential use and effectiveness of (hardware) subsidies, conditional cash transfers (C...[Read full description]February 2012Economic instruments, Financing, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=85This publication presents good practices and lessons learned from throughout the pan-European region on the policies and measures to be enacted to provide equitable access to water and sanitation. It distinguishes three key dimensions of equitable access: geographical disparities; specific barriers faced by vulnerable and marginalized groups; and affordability concerns. A range of available policy options to fight inequities in each of those key dimensions are presented. The examples contained in this publication should support and encourage policy and decisi...[Read full description]February 2012Equity, Human rights, Practices and habits , Sanitation, Tariffs, Transboundary waters, Vulnerable groups, Water availability, Water governance, Water management, Water servicesUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=84This Resource Book provides a suite of case studies of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approaches in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) around the world, and based on those experiences, describes a practical and logical framework of activities for the planning, development and implementation of integrated water resources management/integrated water development plans at the national level, at the level of watersheds and at the level of villages and communities. There are three issues that are core to these Guidelines: Stakeholder Participation;...[Read full description]February 2012Communication, Gender, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Islands, Participation, Scenarios, Water managementUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=83The purpose of this review report is to provide an accessible source of information to help improve understanding of the often complex inter-relationships between wetland ecosystems and human health and well being. The primary audience for this report is intended to be wetland conservation and wise use practitioners, from wetland managers at the site level to decision makers at national and international levels. The information in the report should help in facilitating dialogue between wetlands and human health professionals in their respective efforts to mai...[Read full description]February 2012Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Health, Water conservation , WetlandsRamsar Convention on Wetlands, United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=82This report provides new insights into Asian and Pacific resource use trends and outlines key actions, including reforming economic incentives and promoting more inclusive and adaptive governance approaches, that governments can pursue to help bring economic growth strategies in closer alignment with the objective of sustainable development. It also provides examples of strategies for improving resilience to help deal with the increasing levels of risk faced by societies and economies. Water security issues are particularly covered in Chapter 1 'A changing la...[Read full description]February 2012Environment, Green economy, Risk management, Sustainable development, Water securityAsian Development Bank (ADB), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=80This report provides an initial baseline assessment of environmental health inequalities in Europe and emphasizes that interventions to tackle them need to be based on an assessment of their magnitude and on the identification of population groups that are most exposed or most vulnerable to environmental risks. Chapter 2 particularly addresses inequalities in water supply and in lack of sanitation. February 2012Environment, Equity, Health, Sanitation, Urbanization, Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=79This note captures the main points and messages from a conference held in Nairobi, Kenya, on 3-5 May 2011 under the same title that initiated a community of practice bringing together water supply and sanitation (WSS) actors with actors involved in building core country systems. The conference aimed to initiate a platform for knowledge sharing and learning by giving: - Water and sanitation sector actors a better understanding of 'core' government systems/functions; - Core government systems actors a better understanding of the needs of the water sector; -...[Read full description]February 2012Emergency situations, Infrastructure, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=78This document provides forward-looking operational guidance on how to manage the risk of floods in a rapidly transforming urban environment and changeable climate. The Guide serves as a primer for decision and policy makers, technical specialists, central, regional and local government officials, and concerned stakeholders in the community sector, civil society and non-governmental organizations, and the private sector. The Guide starts with A Summary for Policy Makers which outlines and describes the key areas which policy makers need to be knowledgeable abo...[Read full description]February 2012Floods, Risk management, Urban areasInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=77This report focuses on disparities in MDG achievement within and between countries, to address major bottlenecks holding back MDG progress in Asia and the Pacific region. This edition looks especially at the wide gaps in the goals related to health and nutrition, where the region is particularly under-performing. The safe drinking water and basic sanitation targets are also considered and reported. The document is a resource which policy makers, development practitioners and other stakeholders should find useful in addressing the remaining challenges in achie...[Read full description]February 2012Health, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=68Each year, UNICEF's flagship publication, The State of the World's Children, closely examines the global state of children and the challenges they face. The 2012 edition focuses on urban settings. Water, sanitation and hygiene issues are particularly covered in chapter 2 and chapter 4 and figures show how inadequate access to safe drinking water and sanitation services puts children at increased risk of illness, undernutrition and death.February 2012Children, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=589This thematic paper examines the historic and ongoing development of water lifting technologies and the governance problems and solutions that have arisen from controlled or uncontrolled groundwater abstraction. It also examines legislation to improved pump efficiency and the economics and life cycle costing of borehole pumps.January 2012Groundwater, Irrigation, Legal aspects, Technology, Water governance, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=116This report reviews the current institutional and programmatic landscape in the realm of drought risk management (DRM) in Africa and Asia, and maps out some of the main DRM capacity gaps and gap-filling opportunities. It highlights the priority areas to which the inter-regional south-south cooperation could add values, based upon the interviews with key individuals in both continents, an online survey of some 400 people working in drought related fields and the First Africa-Asia Drought Adaptation Forum held in Bangkok, Thailand, in June 2011. Chapter 2 consi...[Read full description]January 2012Development cooperation, Disasters, Drought, Economic impact, Risk managementUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=96This study investigates willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water supply services in Khulna, Bangladesh applying the contingent valuation method in a survey of 3,000 households. Since the large connection cost is regarded as one of the major obstacles to expand the piped network among the poor, the model explicitly incorporates the connection cost in addition to monthly charge. The study shows that both willingness to pay the monthly charge and willingness to pay the connection cost are higher for richer households. Policy simulation shows that poor househo...[Read full description]January 2012Environment, Poverty, Tariffs, Utility services, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=65Executive summary of the Industrial Development Report 2011 (IDR).January 2012Energy, Green economy, Industry, PollutionUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=64The Industrial Development Report 2011 (IDR) addresses the role of industrial energy efficiency in sustainable industrial development. It focuses on industrial energy-efficiency challenges in developing countries, which are emerging as key actors in global industrial development. The report looks in depth at long-term trends in industrial energy intensity and related technological and structural change; examines the environmental, economic and social benefits of industrial energy efficiency; and identifies obstacles to its promotion and uptake and ways to ove...[Read full description]January 2012Energy, Green economy, Industry, PollutionUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=128The Caspian Sea, surrounded by five coastal countries - the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and Turkmenistan - is the largest land-locked water body on Earth. This report summarizes the findings of different environmental assessments of the Caspian Sea and includes existing updated figures. It is based on the latest information on policy and legislative measures, institutional set-up, stakeholder engagement, future challenges and barriers to the improvement of the state of the environmen...[Read full description] 2012Biodiversity, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environment, Land degradation, Participation, Transboundary waters, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=948This document contains the proceedings of the International Conference Arid and Semi-arid Development through Water Augmentation, organized from 13 to 16 December 2010 in Valparaiso, Chile. 2011Aquifer recharge, Climate change, Drought, Rainwater harvesting, Recycling, Water availability, Water efficiency, Water scarcity, Water security, Water supplyUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=625Executive summary of The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture. Managing systems at risk. 2011Adaptation, Agriculture, Agroforestry, Climate change, Desertification, Ecosystem services, Food security, Green economy, Investments, Irrigation, Land management, Pollution, Rainwater harvesting, River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Water allocation, Water availability, Water demand, Water management, Water policyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=622This report examines the kinds of production responses needed to meet demand. It also assesses the potential of the world's land and water resources to support these desired increases in output and productivity. Risks and tradeoffs are examined, and options reviewed for managing these without harm to the resource base. Chapter 1 analyses the current status of land and water resources together with trends. It assesses the biophysical and technical aspects of the resources and their use, and presents projections for the year 2050. Chapter 2 reviews current inst...[Read full description] 2011Adaptation, Agriculture, Agroforestry, Climate change, Desertification, Ecosystem services, Food security, Green economy, Investments, Irrigation, Land management, Pollution, Rainwater harvesting, River Basin Management, Sustainable development, Water allocation, Water availability, Water demand, Water management, Water policyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=190Feeding the world's poor is one of the most pressing challenges of the present day, as human populations grow and put increasing strain on natural resources. This report expands the 2009 State of Food and Agriculture (FAO 2009) and tells the story of livestock and food security from three perspectives. The first section of the report presents a global overview, examining the role that livestock play in various dimensions of food security. It describes the place of livestock products in human nutrition, the contribution of livestock to the world food supply an...[Read full description]December 2011Agriculture, Food security, Livestock, Poverty, Sanitation, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=189This report builds on the statement of June 2009 by United Nations entities on the "Green Economy: A Transformation to Address Multiple Crises" and provides a common reference for United Nations agencies on the meaning and implications of a green economy approach including the possibilities such an approach brings in terms of improved public-private collaboration. It highlights key messages from our evolving understanding of what is required to meet current economic and resource challenges. The report is organized into four main Parts, covering (i) concepts a...[Read full description]December 2011Economic instruments, Green economy, Infrastructure, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Environment Management Group (UNEMG)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=188This e-atlas models the distribution of five natural hazards - seismic activity, floods, landslides, heat-waves and winds - and populations' exposure to them in 32 countries of the European Region. It provides the baseline data and maps needed to assess where the potential for damage may be the greatest and to underpin the call for more resources to improve emergency preparedness, reduce the health risks to vulnerable populations and aid the emergency response. This information also supports the identification, planning and prioritization of areas for prevent...[Read full description]December 2011Disaster prevention, Disasters, Emergency situations, Floods, Health, Risk management, Vulnerable groupsWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=187This publication presents an overview of central issues relevant to opportunities for adaptation - and also the risks that women are exposed to with climate change in mountain regions. Adaptation strategies as well as climate change impacts on the environment and water resources are especially analyzed.December 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Drought, Floods, Gender, Mountains, Vulnerability, Water scarcityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=185The aim of this publication is to give decision-makers, health professionals and analysts a comprehensive view of the arguments and challenges associated with establishing the value of drinking-water interventions. The experts who have contributed to this publication provide guidance on assessing the benefits from improving access to safe drinking-water and from reducing the burden of water-related diseases. They show how to compare the value of these benefits to the costs of interventions, with special reference to small-scale drinking-water systems. The spe...[Read full description]December 2011Drinking water, Rural areas, Small-scale providers, Valuation, Vulnerable groupsInternational Water Association (IWA), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=183This publication is intended to help experts and policymakers alike to better understand how the UNECE environmental conventions can contribute to the development of transboundary cooperation and more effective management of regional water resources in Central Asia. The publication presents these legal instruments together in a comprehensive way and focuses on the legal framework for inter-State cooperation on water as provided by UNECE multilateral environmental instruments. The publication goes further than explaining the principles and provisions of the UN...[Read full description]December 2011Climate change, Dams, Development cooperation, Disaster prevention, Drinking water, Ecosystems, Floods, Groundwater, Lakes, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Pollution, Sanitation, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water management, Water quality, Water supplyUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=180This publication is intended to raise awareness of the global importance and the need for sustainable management of mountain forests. Chapter 2 focuses on these valuable ecosystems and on their role and influence in both the quantity and quality of water supplies. Four specific cases are analyzed, including the following: - The forests of the Catskill Mountains, USA: Watershed for a megalopolis; - Ensuring the provision of environmental services from Selva de Florencia Natural National Park, Colombia; - Popa Mountain Park: An oasis on the dry plans of Myan...[Read full description]December 2011Biodiversity, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Environment, Forests, Mountains, Sustainable development, Water qualityFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=176Summary of report'Livelihood Security. Climate change, Migration and Conflict in the Sahel'.December 2011Adaptation, Arid zones, Climate change, Conflicts, Drought, Floods, Livelihoods, Migration, VulnerabilityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=175This joint study, involving four UN agencies, analyzes regional climate trends over the past 40 years and their implications for the availability of natural resources, livelihoods, migration and conflict in 17 West African countries. The study has two objectives: to analyze the historical climate trends in the region, identify hotspots and determine the potential implications for livelihoods which depend on natural resources; and to provide recommendations for improving conflict and migration sensitivity in adaptation planning, investments and policies across...[Read full description]December 2011Adaptation, Arid zones, Climate change, Conflicts, Drought, Floods, Livelihoods, Migration, VulnerabilityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=159This overview paper aims to determine the size and composition of the flow of funds, assess the quality of public spending, and identify common issues in public expenditure in the water sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper tests current public spending patterns against the economic rationale for such spending, including reducing disparities in service delivery and overcoming market failures. The scope of the present review includes expenditures by public institutions (at the central and local government levels) on domestic resources and grants or loans pro...[Read full description]December 2011Economic impact, Economic instruments, Financing, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sanitation, Utility services, Water governance, Water management, Water policy, Water services, Water supplyInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=125This Guide is intended to be a useful resource for Chinese policy makers and practitioners. It includes a review of historical and current policies and practices related to wastewater management in rural China. The guide outlines a framework and strategies for establishing municipal and village level wastewater management programs in line with the country's New Socialist Countryside Initiative.December 2011Community management, Financing, Monitoring, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Recycling, Rural areas, Sanitation, Wastewater, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=63This publication aims at raising the awareness of the global role of dryland mountains by including these key ecosystems in important global processes such as in particular the UN High Level Panel on Sustainability (GSP), the Rio2012 Conference on Sustainable Development, and the forthcoming next biennium of the Commission for Sustainable Development (CSD) in 2013/2014. It also helps address the particularities of dryland mountains within the global process of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). The publication is intended to (1) ...[Read full description]December 2011Arid zones, Drylands, Mountains, Sustainable development, Water management, Water scarcityCentre for Development and Environment of the University of Bern, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=60This report illustrates in detail how people access drinking water and what changes have occurred since 1990. The report includes multiple disaggregation of water service levels and analyses of trends across countries and regions. It focuses on the three key challenges of equity, safety and sustainability. Disparities in terms of geography, wealth and gender are explored, which highlight the need to target water service delivery towards specific populations. Water safety concerns are highlighted and the scope of household water treatment is investigated. The ...[Read full description]December 2011Drinking water, Gender, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Pollution, Rural areas, Urban areas, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=58This study investigates the key aspects of irrigation water pricing in China, including the composition of the water fee, water price determination, water fee collection, and water fee management, and the role of Water Users Associations (WUAs) in water pricing. The main purpose is to provide specific reference and guidance for policy making on water pricing and improvement of WUAs which are needed for better end canal Operation and Maintenance (O) activities.December 2011Fee collection, Irrigation, Tariffs, Water policy, Water User AssociationsInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=209Summary of Report "Rwanda. From Post-Conflict to Environmentally Sustainable Development".November 2011Agriculture, Climate change, Conflicts, Disasters, Energy, Environment, Forests, Health, Industry, Investments, Land degradation, Peacebuilding, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=208This report presents a package of practical interventions to assist the ongoing metamorphosis of Rwanda. It calls for mobilizing and focusing investments in key areas, including ecosystem rehabilitation, renewable energy, conservation agriculture and innovative water and sanitation technologies. Chapter 9 specifically deals with the issue of water resources. This chapter provides a general overview of freshwater resources in Rwanda, an overview of water consumption and an analysis of the water governance situation, and identifies some key issues and challenge...[Read full description]November 2011Agriculture, Climate change, Conflicts, Disasters, Energy, Environment, Forests, Health, Industry, Investments, Land degradation, Peacebuilding, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=206As a companion to the Populations at Risk of Disaster: A Resettlement Guide, this publication presents different case studies from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Guatemala. Chapter I analyzes global natural disaster trends and their impacts. It also studies these trends in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and the principal factors that increase the vulnerability to natural disasters. Chapter II analyzes resettlement as a risk reduction measure and describes the objectives and methodology of the cases studied. The next four chapters present the findings ...[Read full description]November 2011Disaster prevention, Drought, Emergency situations, Floods, Risk management, VulnerabilityInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=204This book is designed for governments that make decisions on the application of preventive resettlement programs as disaster risk reduction measures, as well as for institutions and professionals in charge of preparing and implementing these programs, civil society organizations participating in resettlement and risk reduction processes, and at-risk communities. The guide has two parts. The first consists of two chapters. The first of these looks at disasters, including hydrometeorological disasters (floods, droughts, etc.), occurring worldwide and their impa...[Read full description]November 2011Disaster prevention, Disasters, Emergency situations, Floods, Risk managementInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=202This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. This report presents main results from communication efforts of the conference, which include social media as well as audio and visual media.November 2011Communication, Green economyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=201This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. This report analyses the feedback on the content and format of the conference, provided by the participants and organisers. It also highlights some specific lessons learnt identified by the organisers.November 2011Green economyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=200This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. As a contribution to the Rio+20 process, this water toolbox -or best practice guide of actions, instruments and policies- is an output from the conference. The objective of this document is to provide proposals based on the analysis of existing practice, reflecting specifically on lessons from implementation, scaling up and the relevance for developing and ...[Read full description]November 2011Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Industry, Investments, Technology, Urban areas, Water management, WatershedsUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=199This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011.This section introduces key water-related events on the roadmap towards Rio+20, main concerns about the future of the Millennium Development Goals, the role of UN-Water on the road to Rio and beyond and. This section also contains the UN-Water Statement for the Rio+20 Summit. November 2011Green economy, Sustainable development, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=198This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. This section presents a summary of the presentations and discussions of the plenary sessions and side events of the conference. Each plenary session comprised of an overview presentation made by the session convenor and a questions and answers discussion with the panellists. The panellists represented specific case studies from around the world which demons...[Read full description]November 2011Economic instruments, Financing, Green economy, Investments, Sustainable development, Technology, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=193This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. This section contains the papers prepared for the conference by the session conveners and case study representatives. Each session of the conference includes an overview paper providing an introduction to the tool or the region, as well as case study papers.November 2011Biodiversity, Cost recovery, Ecosystem services, Financing, Green economy, Investments, Sustainable development, Technology, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=192This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. Making the shift to the green economy requires that all economic sectors work towards the three-part objective of accelerating economic growth, reducing poverty and inequities, whilst aligning these advances with improvements in the environment. With regards to water, sustained efforts are needed to address the challenges and harness opportunities in agricu...[Read full description]November 2011Agriculture, Green economy, Industry, Sustainable development, Urban areas, WatershedsUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=191This conference book presents main outcomes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", which took place in Zaragoza, Spain, from 3 to 5 October 2011. This section introduces main challenges of the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development and the water roadmap towards the Rio+20 conference.November 2011Green economy, Sustainable developmentUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=186Building on recent reviews on climate change impacts on freshwater resources and adaptation strategies, this technical paper analyses existing scientific information on observed and projected impacts of climate change on water, provides information on links between climate change and freshwater resources and on adaptation to climate change in the water sector. Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change may wish to use the information contained in this technical paper as they consider implementing adaptation action under the Convention, including...[Read full description]November 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Vulnerability, Water managementUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=182This manual is intended to provide a resource on sustainable urban development to mayors, urban planners and decision-makers of cities around the world and is a result of the debates that took place at the World Expo 2010, held in Shanghai, dedicated to the theme "Better City, Better Life." The chapters in this Manual reflect the topics that were analyzed in depth during the thematic forums organized during the Shanghai Expo. Each chapter focuses on a particular theme. There is a discussion of issues and challenges faced by city leaders followed by a descript...[Read full description]November 2011Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=179The eight countries surrounding the Gulf (referred to as both the Persian and Arabian Gulf) - Bahrain, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates - share a valuable marine ecosystem that now risks becoming seriously degraded by a number of anthropogenic impacts. This policy report highlights the greatest environmental threats facing the Gulf region and offers advice to managers and decision makers on how to avoid or mitigate the impacts of coastal development and improve environmental management.November 2011Aquaculture, Climate change, Coastal zones, Ecosystems, Energy, Environment, Pollution, Sustainable development, Wastewater, Water governance, Water qualityUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=62This study aims to generate evidence on the costs and benefits of sanitation improvements in different contexts in the Philippines. Conducted with a view towards identifying the most economically efficient options under different conditions, it aims to contribute to the decision making processes of government, donor agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other institutions. The study quantifies the costs and benefits associated with various sanitation options in different study sites. The benefits include the impacts on health, water sources and ...[Read full description]November 2011Sanitation, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=56This report provides a compilation of statistical data, numerically-based graphs and illustrative 'before and after' satellite images tracking environmental changes that have swept the planet over the last twenty years since decision-makers met at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. The report includes trends in natural hazards (floods, droughts, etc.) and in improved sanitation and drinking water coverage among others. The specific case of the Mesopotamian Marshlands is analysed.November 2011Drought, Ecosystem services, Environment, Floods, MonitoringUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=54This working paper aims to identify practical ideas for advancing the use of innovative financing mechanisms focused on results and performance, with a view to supporting the delivery of sustainable sanitation services. To this end, the document reviews: (1) The rationale for examining Results-Based Financing (RBF) instruments for sanitation; (2) Current issues with sanitation, where -misaligned incentives- mean that inadequate services are being provided or demanded; (3) How public funding, if allocated based on results, could help with realigning incentives...[Read full description]November 2011Financing, Sanitation, Utility servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=41Summary of the Human Development Report 2011. Sustainability and Equity: a better future for all.November 2011Green economy, Participation, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water policy, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=40The Human Development Report 2011 explores the intersections between environmental sustainability and equity. The Report reveals how environmental degradation hurts poor and vulnerable groups more than others. The devastating impacts of lack of access to potable water and to basic sanitation is addressed in Chapter 3 'Tracing the effects - understanding the relations', and the issue of 'Water access, water security and sanitation' is addressed in Chapter 4 'Positive synergies-winning strategies for the environment, equity and human development'.November 2011Green economy, Participation, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water policy, Water security, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=38Executive summary of the report 'Deep Words, Shallow Words: An Initial Analysis of Water Discourse in Four Decades of United Nations Declarations'.November 2011Legal aspects, Perceptions, Water governanceUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=37In the lead-up to the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (CSD) to be held in June 2012, this paper presents a comparative analysis of how issues related to water have been represented in significant UN Declarations related to water and environment over the past forty years. The aim is to analyze the discourse of water by assessing instances in which certain keywords attain more or less depth of meaning and to examine how this is achieved. To make this comparison, the paper undertakes both a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the...[Read full description]November 2011Climate change, Desertification, Food security, Gender, Health, Legal aspects, Perceptions, Poverty, Sanitation, Technology, Water governance, Water quality, Water scarcity, Water securityUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=35This report provides an overview of the climate change trends and potential impacts on children in East Asia and the Pacific that appeared in studies covering five countries that were commissioned by UNICEF. The country studies highlight children's specific vulnerability to climate change that needs to be taken into account in policy development. Children noted a range of experiences ranging from livelihood insecurity in Mongolia to threats of sea level rising in the Pacific Islands to massive flooding of their neighbourhoods in the Philippines and crop failu...[Read full description]November 2011Children, Climate change, Floods, Health, Water scarcityUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=33Small-scale producers are facing new opportunities and challenges in today's markets. This review provides an overview of an approach to assist small-scale farmers to overcome these challenges and effectively participate in and influence modern market chains and trade. This review focuses specifically on the development of small-scale aquaculture farmer organizations, drawing on experience from both agriculture and aquaculture sector farmer organizations. The purpose is to provide strategic guidance for public and private stakeholders involved in supporting s...[Read full description]November 2011Aquaculture, Small-scale providers, Water governance, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=26This document provides an overview of global aquaculture status and development trends as a synthesis of such status and trends in six regions of the world: Asia-Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Near East and North Africa, Northern America and Sub-Saharan Africa.November 2011AquacultureFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=25The 2010 annual report of UN-Water presents activities implemented by UN-Water in 2010, along with updates on its publications, programmes, task forces and thematic priority areas.November 2011All themesUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=302This technical report presents the key findings from a research aimed at identifying the degree to which sanitation behaviors and facilities has been sustained in Union Parishads that were declared open defecation-free (ODF) at least four and a half years ago; the level of sanitation programming that has been sustained in these Union Parishads; if there are perceived benefits of being ODF and have they contributed to sustained latrine use; the degree to which private sector sanitation service providers have been sustained, and whether household access to them...[Read full description]October 2011Behaviour change, Community management, Perceptions, Practices and habits , Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=197This report is part of a set of information products which contains a series of reports, manuals and posters intended to strengthen the ability of the governments of the ten Nile countries to take informed decisions with regard to water resources policy and management in the Nile Basin. This report provides a synthesis of the Country Reports at the level of the Nile Basin. Additional products (manuals, posters, etc.) can be found at: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/faonile/products/index.html October 2011Agriculture, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, Livestock, River Basin Management, Water demand, Water governance, Water managementFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=196This report is part of a set of information products which contains a series of reports, manuals and posters intended to strengthen the ability of the governments of the ten Nile countries to take informed decisions with regard to water resources policy and management in the Nile Basin. The analysis described in this report compares the allocation and productivity projections suggested by the "Food for Thought" scenarios with the situation in 2030 as anticipated by the study "World Agriculture towards 2030/2050" (FAO, 2006) which compiled data for 93 developi...[Read full description]October 2011Agriculture, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Water demand, Water governanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=195This report is part of a set of information products which contains a series of reports, manuals and posters intended to strengthen the ability of the governments of the ten Nile countries to take informed decisions with regard to water resources policy and management in the Nile Basin. This report summarizes the activities and outputs of the FAO project "Information Products for Nile Basin Water Resources Management". The purpose of this synthesis report is to pull together the current natural resource and agricultural water use information across the basin....[Read full description]October 2011Agriculture, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Water governanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=194This report is part of a set of information products which contains a series of reports, manuals and posters intended to strengthen the ability of the governments of the ten Nile countries to take informed decisions with regard to water resources policy and management in the Nile Basin. This publication presents the results of an interactive process - Food for Thought (F4T) - in which some 25 participants from all Nile countries engaged in a joint scenario building exercise. It examines the uncertain future of the demand for agricultural produce in the Nile B...[Read full description]October 2011Agriculture, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), River Basin Management, Water demand, Water governanceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=39This report focuses on the importance of the drylands issue on the global agenda and its relation to other issues, including climate change, food security and human settlements. The report illustrates the many ways in which the UN system is identifying opportunities to mainstream the drylands agenda into the policy-making process. It sets out a common vision and agenda for UN-wide action on dryland management and its role in addressing climate change and food security through a positive development and investment approach. The report is aimed at a number of a...[Read full description]October 2011Climate change, Development cooperation, Drylands, Ecosystem services, Food security, LivelihoodsUnited Nations Environment Management Group (UNEMG)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=269For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. The tools information briefs introduce the main challenges, opportunities and key facts related to each of the tools identified. The briefs also outline a set of practices and approaches for transitioning to the green economy as highlighted...[Read full description]September 2011Communication, Green economy, Human resources, Markets, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sustainable development, Technology, Urbanization, Wastewater, Water conservation UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=267For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. The tools information briefs introduce the main challenges, opportunities and key facts related to each of the tools identified. The briefs also outline a set of practices and approaches for transitioning to the green economy as highlighted...[Read full description]September 2011Capacity building, Community participation, Green economy, Human resources, Markets, Sustainable developmentUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=265For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. The tools information briefs introduce the main challenges, opportunities and key facts related to each of the tools identified. The briefs also outline a set of practices and approaches for transitioning to the green economy as highlighted...[Read full description]September 2011Cost recovery, Economic instruments, Financing, Green economy, International trade, Investments, Poverty reduction, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Sustainable development, TariffsUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=263For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. Transitioning to a green economy requires a shift from current practice. The UN-Water conference has identified four priority water-related issues where this change needs to take place: for cities, watersheds, agriculture and industries. Th...[Read full description]September 2011Biodiversity, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Poverty reduction, Sustainable development, Valuation, Wastewater, Water security, WatershedsUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=261For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. Transitioning to a green economy requires a shift from current practice. The UN-Water conference has identified four priority water-related issues where this change needs to take place: for cities, watersheds, agriculture and industries. Th...[Read full description]September 2011Capacity building, Environment, Financing, Green economy, Industry, Legal aspects, Pollution, Sustainable development, Technology, Wastewater, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=259For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. Transitioning to a green economy requires a shift from current practice. The UN-Water conference has identified four priority water-related issues where this change needs to take place: for cities, watersheds, agriculture and industries. Th...[Read full description]September 2011Awareness raising, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Green economy, Nonrevenue water, Pollution, Poverty, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Urbanization, Utility services, Wastewater, Water governance, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=255For the purposes of the International UN-Water Conference "Water in the Green Economy in Practice: Towards Rio+20", 3-5 October 2011, Zaragoza, Spain, the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC) has produced a series of information briefs on different issues and tools addressed by the conference. Transitioning to a green economy requires a shift from current practice. The UN-Water conference has identified four priority water-related issues where this change needs to take place: for cities, watersheds, agriculture and industries. Th...[Read full description]September 2011Agriculture, Food security, Green economy, Markets, Practices and habits , Rural areas, Vulnerable groups, Water governance, Water managementUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=230This reader is intended for all those interested in getting familiar with issues related to water and the green economy. The reader provides basic references for easy reading and some of the latest and most relevant United Nations publications on the issue. Links are provided when the publication is available online.September 2011Agriculture, Biodiversity, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Financing, Green economy, Industry, Livelihoods, Sustainable development, Technology, Urban areas, Water policyUN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNW-DPAC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=203This report reviews the role of the domestic private sector in the delivery of urban water in Uganda, focusing on Private Operators (POs) in small towns. The report is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the methodological framework. Section 3 examines the output-based aid (OBA) project in Kampala, which is managed by the national utility. Section 4 presents an overview of the development of the system of water services delivery in small towns, and provides a background to the introduction of OBA in small towns and Rural Growth Centres (RG...[Read full description]September 2011Financing, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Risk management, Small-scale providers, Urban areas, Water governance, Water operators, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=181The WSP Global Scaling up Handwashing Project focuses on applying innovative promotional approaches to generate widespread and sustained improvement in handwashing with soap practice. This document describes the approaches to changing children's handwashing with soap behavior, first in Vietnam, then Peru, followed by some lessons learned and conclusions.September 2011Children, Education, Hygiene, Practices and habits World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=55This document seeks to contribute to the field of sanitation marketing by sharing practical guidance on the design, implementation, and monitoring of rural sanitation marketing programs at scale in India, Indonesia, and Tanzania, plus additional projects implemented in Cambodia and Peru. The goal of the guide is to (1) Define sanitation marketing and the key components of a sanitation marketing initiative; (2) Provide an overall framework for scaling up rural sanitation programs and the justification for using a sanitation marketing approach; (3) Explain the ...[Read full description]September 2011Behaviour change, Communication, Marketing, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=36This study evaluates the effects of climate change on six hydrological indicators across 8,413 basins in World Bank client countries. These indicators include annual runoff (MAR), basin yield, annual high flow, annual low flow, groundwater (base flow), and reference crop water deficit. This study is intended to help bridge the gap between high-level climate change predictions and the needs of decision-makers whose programs and investments will be affected by basin- and regional-level impacts of climate change on water resources and related infrastructures. Th...[Read full description]September 2011Infrastructure, River Basin ManagementWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=272This briefing note, originally produced for the World Water Assessment Programme session during the Dialogs for Water and Climate Change at COP16, Mexico, December 2010, presents a series of key messages and facts on water-related climate change impacts and relevant policy and response options for adaptation.August 2011Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Environment, Financing, Gender, Health, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Migration, Poverty, Risk management, Sanitation, Urbanization, Water management, Water supplyUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=271This essay presents a summary of the key developments in the history of water and civilization. It delivers a first attempt to systematize how this wealth of knowledge and practices developed across the globe on time, and why certain strands of it spread over time, geographical and cultural space.August 2011Ethics, Traditional knowledge, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water history, Water management, Water policyUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=258World Water Day 2011 focused international attention on the impact of rapid urban population growth, industrialization and uncertainties caused by climate change, conflicts and natural disasters on urban water systems. It also encouraged action by governments, organizations, communities, and individuals around the world to engage actively in addressing urban water management challenges. This report presents main results and conclusions of activities organized by UN-Habitat and its partners for the official UN commemoration of World Water Day in Cape Town, Sou...[Read full description]August 2011Awareness raising, Urban areas, Urbanization, World Water DayUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=252This study examines the role small-scale water providers play in ensuring affordable, safe and reliable water supply. The paper looks at whether small-scale providers in Kenya are innovative gap fillers, as proponents claim, or predators, as the sceptics argue. The study is organised as follows: Section 2 locates the paper within the conceptual framework of the "poverty penalty" literature. Section 3 outlines the methodology and the data used in the analysis. Section 4 describes the water distribution and supply chain. Section 5 presents the findings on the d...[Read full description]August 2011Legal aspects, Markets, Poverty reduction, Small-scale providers, Tariffs, Urban areas, Water demand, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=251This document is the regional synthesis of the 32 country status overviews which collectively account for 95 percent of Sub-Saharan Africa's population and over 90 percent of GDP. The report highlights the most important trends, challenges, and proposed actions for achieving improved water supply and sanitation services across Sub-Saharan Africa. The opportunities for progress are identified based on: 1. Understanding trends: The report analyzes regional performance, the relative progress of individual countries, and progress of groups of countries classified...[Read full description]August 2011Financing, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyAfrican Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=250This report focuses on the importance of the Marshlands ecosystem services and the social, economic, and cultural benefits they provide to the Iraqi people. It shows the need to intensify the work being done for Marshlands revitalization and rehabilitation. This report is intended to provide guidance to the Iraqi Marshlands stakeholders as well as the international community, to help build consensus on the desired future for the Marshlands. The purpose of this paper is three-fold. Firstly, it aims to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the curren...[Read full description]August 2011Ecosystem services, Environment, Poverty reduction, Water governance, WetlandsUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=245The Kanifing Municipality is and increasingly continues to be the nerve center of The Gambia's urban sector. In addition to being the most densely populated township in the country, the municipality remains a highly multicultural society. It is the centre of attraction for both internal and external migrants, mainly due to its strategic realms and geographical location within The Gambia's territorial landscape. The urban profiling in Kanifing Municipal Council consists of an accelerated, action-oriented assessment of urban conditions, focusing on priority nee...[Read full description]August 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=244Brikama, The Gambia, is a cosmopolitan city and many economic activities take place in the town; it also serves as the urban center for surrounding communities. Majority of the poor are women and gender disparities in access to livelihood, skills and economic resources are among the fundamental causes of poverty in Brikama. The urban profiling in Brikama consists of an accelerated, action-oriented assessment of urban conditions, focusing on priority needs, capacity gaps, and existing institutional responses at the local and national level.August 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=243The purpose of this study is to develop urban poverty reduction policies through an assessment of needs and response mechanisms and as a contribution to the wider-ranging implementation of the Millennium Development Goals. The report consists of: 1) a general background of the urban sector in The Gambia. The background includes data on administration, urban planning, the economy, the informal sector, the private sector, urban poverty, infrastructure, water, sanitation, public transport, street lighting, energy, health, and education; 2) a synthesis of seven...[Read full description]August 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=242Executive summary of report 'Environmental Assessment of Ogoniland'.August 2011Emergency situations, Environment, Groundwater, Health, Industry, Oil industry, Pollution, Sustainable development, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=241Ogoniland has been the site of oil industry operations since the late 1950s. Ogoniland has a tragic history of pollution from oil spills and oil well fires, although no systematic scientific information has been available about the ensuing contamination. The Environmental Assessment of Ogoniland covers contaminated land, groundwater, surface water, sediment, vegetation, air pollution, public health, industry practices and institutional issues. This report represents the best available understanding of what has happened to the environment of Ogoniland - and th...[Read full description]August 2011Emergency situations, Environment, Groundwater, Health, Industry, Oil industry, Pollution, Sustainable development, Water qualityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=240This paper reports an economic valuation study conducted in Yunnan, China, which aims to estimate the total value of a real investment project to improve the water quality of Lake Puzhehei. Located in Qiubei County, which is far from large cities, the lake has been experiencing fast water quality deterioration in the past years. This study also demonstrates that previous knowledge about water quality changes and the project may have a significant positive impact on people's valuation.August 2011Economic impact, Investments, Pollution, Valuation, Water quality, WatershedsWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=232This glossary, produced by a Working Group of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS), is the first comprehensive update of glacier mass-balance terms for more than 40 years. The mass balance of a glacier is a measure of the change in mass of the glacier, or part of it, over a period of time. Mass-balance data help to explain why a particular glacier system may be advancing or retreating and what climate drivers (e.g. decreased snow accumulation; increased surface melt) are responsible for the changes. Mass-balance information is essentia...[Read full description]August 2011Glaciersnternational Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=211This executive summary synthesizes key findings from the Report "Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters". The Executive Summary also underlines horizontal issues such as advancement of transboundary cooperation, climate change impacts and ecological and biodiversity issues, deriving from the assessment of 25 Ramsar Sites and other wetlands of transboundary importance contained in this Second Assessment. August 2011Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Groundwater, Information and data, Lakes, Negotiation, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water management, WatershedsUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=210This Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of the status of transboundary waters in the European and Asian parts of the UNECE region. The Assessment presents an analysis of pressures, quantity and quality status, transboundary impacts, as well as responses and future trends of transboundary water resources in the region and highlights regional differences, specificities and vulnerabilities. Legal, institutional and socio-economic issues have a prominent place in this Second Assessment, ...[Read full description]August 2011Biodiversity, Climate change, Development cooperation, Groundwater, Information and data, Lakes, Negotiation, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water management, WatershedsUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=57Jointly produced by the UN World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) and the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), this briefing note aims for a better understanding of international methodological standards for water which have been developed by the international statistical community. The note will help water professionals step outside the 'water box' and take into account broader social, political and economic issues affecting the use and allocation of water resourcesAugust 2011Monitoring, Water management, Water policyUnited Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=32Executive summary of the "The Bioenergy and Water Nexus" report.August 2011Energy, Green economyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=31This report, building on the work of various new initiatives including UNEP's International Resource Panel, provides recommendations and outlines options in respect to bioenergy in support of a Green Economy. The report primarily addresses the following two questions: 1) how are the production and use of bioenergy products likely to influence the future state of water resources? 2) how can society mitigate impacts and guide development towards sustainable use of these resources, including groundwater, rivers, and riparian and wetland systems? In considering t...[Read full description]August 2011Energy, Green economyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=29This publication looks at how an ecosystem services approach to the management of water and other natural resources, and the policies that affect that management, can create more stable and sustainable food production and enhanced food security. It brings together the best thinking available from a number of fields to tease out the interconnections between ecosystems, water and food; suggests a way forward; and identifies specific ecosystem-based opportunities to increase food production in ways that make optimal use of water resources, protect the resource b...[Read full description]August 2011Ecosystem services, Food securityInternational Water Management Institute (IWMI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=27Abiotic disturbances, disturbances caused by non living factors, are a natural and integral part of forest ecosystems that have major impacts, positive and negative. This paper reviews the current knowledge on the impacts of abiotic disturbances. Events are discussed within five categories: Meteorological: cyclones, storms (wind, snow, ice and hail, dust and sand), tornadoes, and thunderstorms and lightning; Climatological: drought, hydrological floods and flash floods, avalanches, landslides and mudslides; Geophysical: tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanic erup...[Read full description]August 2011Drought, Ecosystems, Floods, Forests, MeteorologyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=306The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report, an annual assessment of regional progress towards the Goals, reflects the most comprehensive, up-to-date data compiled by over 25 UN and international agencies. The Report shows that although significant strides have been made, reaching all the MDGs by 2015 remains challenging because progress has failed to reach the most vulnerable. An estimated 1.1 billion people in urban areas and 723 million people in rural areas gained access to an improved drinking water source over the period 1990-2008 but, at the same tim...[Read full description]July 2011Drinking water, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areasUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=298This 4th edition of the World Health Organization's Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality builds on over 50 years of guidance by WHO on drinking-water quality, which has formed an authoritative basis for the setting of national regulations and standards for water safety in support of public health. The Guidelines are addressed primarily to water and health regulators, policymakers and their advisors, to assist in the development of national standards. This edition of the Guidelines further develops concepts, approaches and information introduced in previous e...[Read full description]July 2011Disease, Drinking water, Health, Microbiology, Monitoring, Pollution, Risk management, Water management, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water securityWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=293This document sets forth global criteria to evaluate whether a household water treatment (HWT) option reduces waterborne pathogens sufficiently to protect health. Through use of a risk-based framework and by emphasizing the philosophy of incremental improvement, it is intended to provide implementers and policy-makers with an evidence-based and pragmatic approach to select options suited to local conditions. The document provides a range of technical recommendations, including: a step-by-step overview of how to evaluate HWT microbiological performance; elabor...[Read full description]July 2011Health, Microbiology, Practices and habits , Technology, Water quality, Water supply, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=292The prime aim of this report is to identify the environmental stress points in the Amu Darya basin which have, or may have, security repercussions for the states and population. The reports takes a close focus on issues of climate change, water, energy and agriculture in the Amu Darya basin, and reveals that it is vital to maintain cooperation in these fields, since neglect for these important areas means intensified security risk. The report then suggests solutions to the challenges identified during the assessment. The assessment report is based on a proces...[Read full description]July 2011Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate change, Conflicts, Disasters, Ecosystem services, Energy, Irrigation, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, Water quality, Water scarcity, WatershedsEnvironment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=277This study reviews the experience with irrigation water transfers, including the involvement of the World Bank. It then discusses the problems of assessing the direct economic effects of reallocations, with a focus on the foregone direct benefits (FDB) in irrigated agriculture. The study reviews the methodologies and model specifications used for estimating FDB; illustrates the impact of different model specifications on the magnitude of FDB estimates based on an application with a case example; and draws conclusions with regard to future efforts in assessing...[Read full description]July 2011Agriculture, Economic impact, Infrastructure, Irrigation, Markets, Recycling, Water allocation, Water demand, Water management, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=253This book is intended as a basic information kit that tells "the story" of desertification, land degradation and drought at the global scale, together with a comprehensive set of graphics. The book indicates trends as they have taken place over the last decades, combining and connecting issues, and present priorities. It also provides information on the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and how it works to forge a global partnership to reverse and prevent desertification/land degradation and to mitigate the effects of drought in affe...[Read full description]July 2011Desertification, Drought, Drylands, Energy, Food security, Land degradation, Migration, Poverty reduction, Water scarcityUnited Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=249As previous reports from this series, Zomba urban profile presents a general background of the urban sector, a synthetic assessment of eight main thematic areas, including water and sanitation, a SWOT analysis and an outline of priority project proposals for each theme.July 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=248Mzuzu city is one of the fastest growing cities in Malawi and is the third largest urban centre after Lilongwe and Blantyre. It is the hub of government administration, business, industry, commerce, and services for the northern region of Malawi. As previous reports from this series, Mzuzu urban profile presents a general background of the urban sector, a synthetic assessment of eight main thematic areas, a SWOT analysis and an outline of priority project proposals for each theme.July 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=247Blantyre city is the oldest urban centre in Malawi. It is the hub for communication, commercial activities and cooperation in Malawi. This report consists of: 1. a general background of the urban sector in Blantyre, based on the findings of the Blantyre City Assessment Report, a desk study, interviews, and a city consultation. The background includes data on administration, urban planning, the economy, the informal and private sector, urban poverty, infrastructure, water, sanitation, public transport, street lighting, energy, health, and education; 2. a synth...[Read full description]July 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=246Lilongwe is the fastest growing city in Malawi. This report first presents a general background of the urban sector in Lilongwe. The background includes data on administration, urban planning, the economy, the informal and the private sector, poverty, infrastructure, water, sanitation, public transport, street lighting, energy, health, and education. It then makes a synthetic assessment of eight thematic areas including: governance, local economic development, land, gender, environment, slums and shelter, basic urban services, and waste management in terms of...[Read full description]July 2011Environment, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=30This report provides a snapshot of how Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) are undertaken and integrated, if at all, in Asia and the Pacific. It does so by taking stock of past and ongoing regional initiatives (Chapter 2) and by looking into the role of certain organizations in the implementation process (Chapter 3). It also discusses key developments in three areas-political, policy and institutional- which are instrumental in facilitating the integration of DRR and CCA agendas in the region (Chapter 4). Concluding remarks and n...[Read full description]July 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Risk managementUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=28This study aims to improve the understanding of the human health dimensions of climate change and how projects in areas other than health, such as agriculture, water financing programs, and disaster risk reduction need to account explicitly for the health impacts of their interventions. In addition to raising awareness about the projected impacts of climate change on health among policy makers and the civil society of developing countries, this study presents a framework showing the relationship between climate change and health issues in agriculture, water p...[Read full description]July 2011Climate change, Disaster prevention, Financing, HealthAsian Development Bank (ADB), Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=312This impact evaluation study utilizes a series of data collection activities to measure the impacts of the WSP Global Scaling Up Handwashing intervention, including baseline and post-intervention household and community surveys and longitudinal monitoring of diarrhea prevalence. In Senegal, the baseline survey, conducted between June and August 2009, collected information from a representative sample of the target population living in four regions. The survey comprised a total of 110 clusters and 1,600 households within 88 communes and rural communities. The ...[Read full description]June 2011Behaviour change, Children, Communication, Community management, Disease, Hygiene, Information and data, Practices and habits , Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=310This paper analyses the market for rehabilitation of hydropower for two regions (i) Continental Africa (including Madagascar) and (ii) Central America including Mexico. The paper also offers an introduction to the technical components that might be rehabilitated in a typical hydropower plant and analyses the economic gains of each. These factors have then been applied to the universe of hydropower plants identified to estimate the economic benefits of rehabilitating these hydropower plants for two scenarios (i) Life extension, or (ii) Upgrade. Finally, an ana...[Read full description]June 2011Dams, Energy, Financing, Hydrology, Infrastructure, Water governanceWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=309This document presents a set of frequently asked questions about the 'National Rating for Cities' exercise launched by the Government of India to achieve the goals of the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP). The exercise rated 423 cities (with population greater than 100,000) for their performance across various aspects of sanitation. This was measured through indicators that included physical infrastructure, systems, processes, and outcomes related to achievement of total sanitation. The first national rating was carried out in 2009 and results were publ...[Read full description]June 2011Information and data, Monitoring, Sanitation, Urban areasWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=291The Water Partnership Programme (WPP) 2010 Annual Report provides an overview of the Program's accomplishments and outlines its future direction. The report provides examples of how the WPP enables the World Bank to respond to the emerging needs of its client countries and bring innovative solutions and transformative knowledge to help them resolve complex water challenges.June 2011Climate change, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Public-private partnerships (PPP), Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Vulnerable groups, Water management, Water policy, Water supplyWorld Bank Water Partnership Program (WPP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=284This report summarizes current knowledge of the anticipated impacts of climate change on water availability for agriculture. The implications for local and national food security are examined; and the methods and approaches to assess climate change impacts on water and agriculture are discussed. The report emphasizes the need for a closer alignment between water and agricultural policies and makes the case for immediate implementation of 'no-regrets' strategies which have both positive development outcomes and make agricultural systems resilient to future imp...[Read full description]June 2011Adaptation, Agriculture, Climate change, Environment, Food security, Irrigation, Mitigation, Water allocation, Water availability, Water demand, Water management, Water policy, Water supplyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=278This study aims to analyse climate related disasters risk reduction governance in the European context. There is a particular focus on the flow of information from researchers to policy makers and the way in which the decision-making process in climate adaptation and risk reduction is commonly managed. The study looks into practical cases of European regional and national adaptation strategies. The paper is divided into three sections: (1) An overview of the climate-risks and disaster risk reduction field(s); (2) An analysis of the current governance structur...[Read full description]June 2011Adaptation, Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Development cooperation, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Legal aspects, Risk management, TechnologyUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=239This Policy Research Working Paper analyzes the determinants of fatalities in 2,194 large flood events in 108 countries between 1985 and 2008. Given that socioeconomic factors can affect mortality right in the aftermath of a flood, but also indirectly by influencing flood frequency and magnitude, the paper distinguishes between direct and indirect effects of development on flood mortality. June 2011Adaptation, Disasters, Economic impact, Environment, Floods, Information and data, Legal aspectsWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=237This handbook aims to help foster a "communication culture" that will accommodate the wide range of stakeholder interests in dam planning and management in ways appropriate to the development context of today and the need to promote solutions to sustainability challenges. It seeks to create awareness among practitioners of the benefits and costs of improving the role of communication in infrastructure development. It also demonstrates how communication helps to improve governments' capacities to address corruption issues in infrastructure. Finally, this handb...[Read full description]June 2011Communication, Corruption, Dams, Infrastructure, Participation, Water governanceWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=236This toolkit is expected to assist the relevant public entities in the State of Maharashtra, India, for developing Public-Private Partnerships-based projects in water supply and sanitation, and may also be used as reference by similar other cities across the country. The toolkit comprises four parts. Part 1 is a comprehensive toolkit, while the other parts provide further detail on specific sections, including a series of case studies of sample cities in Maharashtra.June 2011Financing, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=234This technical guidance is intended to assist the Parties to the Protocol on Water and Health to the 1992 Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes in establishing and/or strengthening outbreak detection and early warning systems, contingency plans and capacity response in accordance with article 8 of the Protocol. The draft guidance reviews the main threats to health related to water services, recalls basic concepts of epidemiology and disease surveillance and provides guidance on data management and analysis....[Read full description]June 2011Disease, Drinking water, Health, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Pollution, Technology, Transboundary waters, Vulnerability, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=233This document contains guidance on the policy related to water-related disease surveillance developed by the Task Force on Water-related Disease Surveillance established under the Protocol on Water and Health to the 1992 Convention on Protection and Use of Transboundary Waters and International Lakes. It was adopted by the Meeting of the Parties during their second session (in Bucharest, Romania, in November 2010). The guidance explains countries' legal obligations related to disease surveillance under the Protocol and other international frameworks, and give...[Read full description]June 2011Disease, Drinking water, Health, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Pollution, Transboundary waters, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=229Tracer techniques are very useful tools to investigate the efficiency of purification in wastewater treatment plants. This publication was prepared using the inputs from a meeting of experts held in June 2007 and lecture materials prepared for various IAEA regional training courses. It is intended to assist radiotracer groups in Member States to promote and apply radiotracer technology for better serving the environmental sector.June 2011Technology, Wastewater, Water treatmentInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=358World Health Statistics 2011 contains WHO's annual compilation of health-related data for its 193 Member States, and includes a summary of the progress made towards achieving the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and associated targets. Information on indicators for certain risk factors that are associated with mortality and morbidity rates are included; these risk factors include unsafe water supplies and inadequate levels of sanitation, which increase the transmission of diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera), schistosomiasis, trachoma and...[Read full description]May 2011Disease, Health, Information and data, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), SanitationWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=357This report examines ethical issues associated with water resource utilization and management, including its uses in energy and other domains. The report, prepared under the "Ethics and Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific" (ECCAP) project, presents different case studies highlighting different ethical issues associated with water resource utilization and management. The report systematically discusses how water ethics can make a difference to water related practices and provides a cross-cultural review of the issues. Policy options are discussed with some ...[Read full description]May 2011Aquaculture, Conflicts, Corruption, Culture, Ethics, Human right to water and sanitation, Integrity, Pollution, Water availability, Water demand, Water governance, Water management, Water policyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=354Fact sheet from the 2nd edition of the UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. This Fact Sheet offers an overview with the main conclussions from the global report.May 2011Disaster prevention, Drought, Floods, Information and data, Investments, Monitoring, Risk management, Vulnerability, Water scarcityUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=347Executive summary of the 2nd edition of the UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. This report explores trends in disaster risk for each region and for countries with different socio-economic development. The report also includes country self-assessments of progress towards the Hyogo Framework for Action (Chapter 4) and offers guidance and suggestions to governments and non-governmental actors alike on how they can, together, reduce disaster risks. The report covers water-related risks, mainly floods and drought, and includes a specific focus...[Read full description]May 2011Disaster prevention, Drought, Drylands, Floods, Information and data, Monitoring, Risk management, Vulnerability, Water scarcityUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=343The 2nd edition of the UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction explores trends in disaster risk for each region and for countries with different socio-economic development. The report also includes country self-assessments of progress towards the Hyogo Framework for Action and offers guidance and suggestions to governments and non-governmental actors alike on how they can, together, reduce disaster risks. The report covers water-related risks, mainly floods and drought, and includes a specific focus on drought risk. In particular, the report po...[Read full description]May 2011Agriculture, Climate change, Disaster prevention, Drought, Drylands, Migration, Monitoring, Poverty, Risk management, Rural areas, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Water demand, Water management, Water scarcityUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=331This document summarizes challenges and lessons learned from two WSP Southeast Asian programs: the Handwashing Initiative (HWI) in Vietnam, and the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap (PPP-HWWS) in Indonesia. The program in Vietnam has concentrated on first gaining an understanding on how people actually behave and then determining how to change that behaviour, while the program in Indonesia leverages the reach of the private sector and other partners to scale up handwashing initiatives that were previously researched and already underway. Th...[Read full description]May 2011Behaviour change, Communication, Health, Hygiene, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Water policyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=328Executive summary of the Global Report on Human Settlements 2011. May 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Infrastructure, Participation, Resilience, Sanitation, Urban areas, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groups, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=327This report reviews the linkages between urbanization and climate change. It illustrates the significant contribution of urban areas to climate change while at the same time highlighting the potentially devastating effects of climate change on urban populations. It reviews policy responses, strategies and practices that are emerging in urban areas to mitigate and adapt to climate change, as well as their potential achievements and constraints. Challenges for water supply and sanitation are described, including an analysis of how climate change may affect sani...[Read full description]May 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Infrastructure, Participation, Resilience, Sanitation, Urban areas, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groups, Water policy, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=325This policy research working paper focuses on floods in urban areas. The first part of the report provides an analysis of trends in reported water-related disasters, particularly of floods and its consequences (numbers affected, damages, and losses). The second part of the report analyses the causes of increased impacts and makes some suggestions of what can be done for risk reduction. A list of devastating floods over the last decade and a list of floods with the highest mortality rates are also provided.May 2011Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Floods, Groundwater, Risk management, Urban areas, Urbanization, VulnerabilityWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=320Fact Sheet from report "Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth".May 2011Climate change, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Energy, Environment, Green economy, Information and data, International trade, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=317Summary of report "Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth". This report presents basic facts and figures on natural resource flows worldwide. Drawing on these data, the report attempts to outline the issues that now need to be addressed to decouple these material and energy flows from social and economic progress. The objective of this study is to provide a foundation for the concept of decoupling, defining key terms and concepts and indicating its many applications to resource management. It assesses whether decouplin...[Read full description]May 2011Climate change, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Energy, Environment, Green economy, Information and data, International trade, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=316This report presents basic facts and figures on natural resource flows worldwide. Drawing on these data, the report attempts to outline the issues that now need to be addressed to decouple these material and energy flows from social and economic progress. The objective of this study is to provide a foundation for the concept of decoupling, defining key terms and concepts and indicating its many applications to resource management. It assesses whether decoupling is already taking place, and identifies the driving factors, both technological and economic. This ...[Read full description]May 2011Climate change, Economic impact, Economic instruments, Energy, Environment, Green economy, Information and data, International trade, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water governanceUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=314This paper sets out the water and food security challenges in Least Development Countries (LDCs) and developing countries. The document explores the rainfed-irrigation nexus in different regions of the world, looks at the technology's role and suggests some action actions that can be undertaken to improve food security and alleviate poverty.May 2011Agriculture, Food security, Irrigation, Poverty reduction, Technology, Water availability, Water managementUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=311This paper examines the'adaptation capacity' of the Mekong River Commission (MRC), which manages the Mekong River Basin, a river basin particularly vulnerable to challenges related to climate change as well as to human-caused change. Several key points have been identified regarding the contribution of the MRC to increasing resilience to environmental and human-caused change in the Mekong River Basin. The aim of the paper is to assess the adaptation capacity of a particular River Basin Organisation (RBO), the MRC, and the related resilience of the Mekong Rive...[Read full description]May 2011Adaptation, Climate change, Economic impact, Poverty reduction, Resilience, Risk management, River Basin Management, Transboundary watersWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=304This document is an internal Kenya country impact study of initiatives supported by UN-HABITAT's Water and Sanitation Trust Fund (WSTF). The impact study reviews WSTF's strategic intentions, examines the Kenya country context and UN-HABITAT's country strategy and undertakes an impact study of specific projects.The projects selected for review were two complimentary projects in Kibera focusing on improving water supply and sanitation services to the urban poor including infrastructure investments, strengthening of governance and community management that can b...[Read full description]May 2011Financing, Informal settlements, Infrastructure, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=301This field note explores key design and implementation lessons in urban sanitation development from the Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP), including, among others designing to suit local circumstances; adopting a holistic view of technical assistance; using a range of measures for creating an enabling environment; promoting strategic planning as a management tool; ensuring quality in advocacy and communications; or adapting capacity building strategies to respond to changing needs.May 2011Financing, Infrastructure, Investments, Sanitation, Urban areasWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=299This study stimates the economic impact from the earthquake on August 2007 on the most affected regions in Peru. The document focus on water and sanitation systems, specifically, in the urban areas where the following service providers operate: EMAPICA (Ica), EMAPISCO (Pisco), SEMAPACH (Chincha) and EMAPA Cañete (Cañete). The research stimates direct, indirect, and macroeconomic effects between August 2007 and December 2009.May 2011Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drinking water, Economic impact, Infrastructure, Risk management, Sanitation, Utility servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=296This Methodological Guide provides background information on groundwater protection with particular reference to its use in emergency situations as result of natural hazards and hydrological extremes. It also outlines the governance policy framework in which groundwater as an emergency resource may be integrated into overall emergency management and service provision. To illustrate the principles and techniques presented in the Guide, a varied number of real world case studies from widely differing regions is presented.May 2011Aquifer recharge, Drinking water, Emergency situations, Groundwater, Isotopes, Risk management, Water governance, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=287This manual is intended for journalists and the media who are interested in learning more about disaster risk reduction issues. On chapter 1, the manual introduces the basics about disaster risk reduction (DRR), illustrates the issue with some facts and trends, summarizes the most frequently asked questions and provides various key messages. On chapter 2, the role of the media in DRR is addressed together with some examples of DRR reporting. Chapter 3 provides different lessons from disasters, while Chapter 4 offers useful information on natural hazards inclu...[Read full description]May 2011Climate change, Communication, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Drought, Floods, Poverty, Risk management, UrbanizationUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=438The WSP Global Scaling Up Handwashing Project has been implemented in 540 Vietnamese communes across 56 districts in 10 provinces. This research brief summarizes the main findings of the baseline survey in Vietnam and provides a snapshot of baseline characteristics of the target population of the impact evaluation in regards to mother's and other caretaker's handwashing behaviour, presence of handwashing facilities and key child health and development indicators.April 2011Behaviour change, Disease, Gender, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=356This report presents UN-Habitat's activities at global, inter-regional and national level. The report includes short summaries of each activity, the total project or programme cost, partner institutions, background, objectives, activities and results. Activities and results from water and sanitation programmes are presented, including the following programmes: the Water for Asian Cities Programme, the Mekong Region Water and Sanitation Programme (MEK-WATSAN), the Water and Sanitation for Cities in the Latin American and the Caribbean Regions Programme (WATSAN...[Read full description]April 2011Informal settlements, Participation, Poverty, Sanitation, Urbanization, Utility services, Vulnerable groups, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=342This training manual is developed to assist capacity builders in developing training and educational programmes on water integrity and how it can be promoted and worked with in more practical ways. The primary objectives of the training are to provide: (1) Conceptual grounding in the area of integrity, accountability and anti-corruption in water, its drivers and impacts on water as well as on poverty reduction and sustainable development; (2) An overview of tools and methodologies to promote water integrity, transparency and accountability and their applicabi...[Read full description]April 2011Capacity building, Corruption, Ethics, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Integrity, Legal aspects, Water governanceCap-Net, UNDP Water Governance Facility, Water Integrity Network (WIN), WaterNethttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=340This document is intended for supporting decision-makers, such as policy-makers or regulators in the drinking-water sector, to appreciate better and address the particularities and characteristics of small-scale water supplies. It provides a range of background information, case studies and lessons learned, and gives ideas for addressing issues relating to small-scale water supplies in national programmes. Additionally, information on further reading as well as current international networking activities with respect to small-scale water supplies is provided.April 2011Community management, Drinking water, Health, Small-scale providers, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), World Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=338This document aims to highlight the principal health risks related to different desalination processes and provide guidance on appropriate risk assessment and risk management procedures in order to ensure the safety of desalinated drinking-water. The document introduces the concept of water safety plans (WSPs) for desalination systems, provides an overview of potential hazards in source water and describes microbial and chemical risks and other key issues associated with treatment, remineralization, storage and distribution. The document will be of use to hea...[Read full description]April 2011Desalination, Drinking water, Health, Microbiology, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=335This research brief summarizes some of the key findings and main lessons extracted from the Bangladesh experience with the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach. The document also provides some insights for future programming which includes considerations for governments and sector professionals to sustain sanitation programming and behaviour change at scale. April 2011Behaviour change, Community management, Rural areas, Sanitation, Utility servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=333This report discusses the legal and institutional frameworks that apply to twenty-eight international water bodies that were identified as part of the UNDP/GEF project on "Good Practices and Portfolio Learning in GEF Transboundary Freshwater and Marine Legal and Institutional Frameworks". The analysis in this report is organized by a common set of eighteen criteria and is intended to provide information that can be used to support further research and analysis, with the ultimate goal of identifying a set of common elements of good governance for transboundary...[Read full description]April 2011Development cooperation, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, Negotiation, Pollution, Transboundary waters, Water governance, Water qualityGlobal Environmental Facility (GEF), University of Columbiahttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=297The primary aim of the revised Guide to ship sanitation is to present the public health significance of ships in terms of disease and to highlight the importance of applying appropriate control measures. The guide is intended to be used as a basis for the development of national approaches to controlling the hazards that may be encountered on ships, as well as providing a framework for policy-making and local decision-making. The guide may also be used as reference material for regulators, ship operators and ship builders, as well as a checklist for understan...[Read full description]April 2011Disease, Health, Legal aspects, Recreation, Sanitation, Shipping, Wastewater, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water securityWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=235This guidebook aims to provide expert information on the technologies most relevant for climate change adaptation in the water sector in developing countries. It is meant to be a practical tool for use by a broad range of stakeholders, including those in governmental agencies, water utilities, community water boards, non-governmental organizations, and private sector companies. The guidebook first reviews the projected impacts of climate change on the water sector. It then addresses the role of adaptation in the water sector and six typologies under which ava...[Read full description]April 2011Adaptation, Community participation, Desalination, Drought, Infrastructure, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Rainwater harvesting, Recycling, Technology, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=392This document deals with all buildings where people use or are exposed to water, with a particular focus on buildings that include public use or shared facilities. The document is written for the full range of "actors" who influence the overall safe management of building water supplies. In particular, it is directed to those who design, construct, manage, operate, maintain and regulate building water systems. Guidance is provided for managing water supplies in buildings where people may drink water; use water for food preparation, washing, showering, swimmin...[Read full description]March 2011Drinking water, Health, Infrastructure, Pollution, Recreation, Risk management, Sanitation, Water quality, Water safety plans (WSPs), Water supplyWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=389UNICEF's Humanitarian Action for Children Report 2011 shows where urgent humanitarian action is imperative to save lives, to protect children against the worst forms of violence and abuse, and to ensure access to basic services, such as water and sanitation, health, nutrition and education. The country chapters in the report show the impact of humanitarian emergencies (such as floods or droughts) on the lives and dignity of children and families and highlights projected humanitarian needs for 2011 in 32 countries and territories and 6 regions.March 2011Children, Disaster prevention, Emergency situations, Financing, Resilience, Vulnerable groups, Water supplyUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=379The 2010-2011 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture makes the "business case" for addressing gender issues in agriculture and rural employment and documents gender gaps in the access to a wide range of agricultural resources, including land, livestock, farm labour, education, extension services, credit, fertilizers and mechanical equipment. The report presents empirical estimates of the potential gains that could be achieved by closing the gender gap in agriculture and rural employment. It evaluates experiences from many countries with gender and devel...[Read full description]March 2011Agriculture, Equity, Food security, Gender, Infrastructure, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Rural areasFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=378The goal of the WSP Global Scaling Up Rural Sanitation project is to reduce the risk of diarrhea and therefore increase household productivity by stimulating demand for sanitation in the lives of people in India, Indonesia, and Tanzania. This report summarizes the findings of the baseline and community surveys conducted in Madhya Pradesh, India, and is part of a series of papers analyzing the baseline data from all countries where the program has been implemented.March 2011Behaviour change, Children, Disease, Health, Hygiene, Infrastructure, Microbiology, Practices and habits , Rural areas, Sanitation, Water servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=375This policy brief is a collaborative output of UN-Water members and partners directed at practitioners, policymakers and decision-makers in water resource management and other relevant sectors. The policy brief outlines the challenges and trends, drivers and impacts related to water quality. It also presents four strategies that form the basis of policy solutions. It concludes by detailing a series of specific recommendations by which these solutions can be achieved.March 2011Ecohydrology, Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Groundwater, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Pollution, Recycling, Wastewater, Water management, Water policy, Water quality, Water treatmentUN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=370This Mid-Term Review provides a synthesis of progress made over the past five years at the national level in disaster (including water-related disasters) risk reduction and the role played by the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) in promoting this progress across international, regional, and national agendas. The report also identifies strategic areas requiring further attention and outlines critical elements needed to enhance implementation of the HFA through 2015.March 2011Disaster prevention, Disasters, Emergency situations, Monitoring, Resilience, Risk management, Water policyUnited Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=368This report shows that there is a way forward for a more sustainable future where restoration of ecosystems, often in the green hills and watersheds surrounding cities, can provide cheaper, efficient and resilient water supply systems in a changing world. The case studies provided in this report present urban water challenges in African cities, and highlight approaches adopted to reduce the impacts of urbanisation on water and ecosystems. Seven case studies discuss urbanisation characteristics of their respective cities, state and trends of water withdrawals ...[Read full description]March 2011Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Food security, Informal settlements, Pollution, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Urbanization, Wastewater, Water demand, Water management, Water quality, Water security, Water supply, Water treatmentUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=334This report presents results of a research on access to basic urban services in the Adjacent Areas of Palestinian Refugee Camps in Lebanon. The basic urban services covered are in the sectors of: 1) Water Provision; 2) Sewerage; 3) Solid Waste Management; 4) Electricity; and 5) Road Networks. The research looks at access to basic urban services from a governance perspective, focusing on dwellers' strategies and mechanisms; their web of relationships with other public and private stakeholders; and the role played by each stakeholder. It also presents a rapid a...[Read full description]March 2011Informal settlements, Refugees, Sanitation, Urban areas, Utility services, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=332This document provides a brief overview of the likely effects of global change (population growth, climate change, urbanization, expansion of infrastructure, migration, land conversion and pollution) on water resources and the UNESCO's International Hydrological Programme's response to these challenges. March 2011Biodiversity, Climate change, Conflicts, Drought, Drylands, Floods, Glaciers, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Land degradation, State of water resources, Urban areas, Water availability, Water qualityUNESCO-International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=388This report is aimed at providing practical guidance to policy makers on what reforms are needed to unlock the productive and employment potential of a green economy. Chapter 3 "Water: investing in natural capital" has three broad aims. First, it highlights the importance of providing all households with sufficient and affordable access to clean water supplies as well as adequate sanitation. Second, it makes a case for early investment in water management and infrastructure, including ecological infrastructure. The potential to make greater use of biodiversit...[Read full description]February 2011Economic instruments, Ecosystem services, Financing, Green economy, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water management, Water scarcity, Water supplyUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=384State of the World's Forests, which is published on a biennial basis, presents up-to-date information on key themes affecting the world's forests. The 2011 issue takes a holistic approach to the multiple ways in which forests support people's livelihoods under the theme 'Changing pathways, changing lives: forests as multiple pathways to sustainable development'. To explore this theme, the report tackles three core subjects - sustainable forest industries, climate change and local livelihoods - and examines their potential to stimulate development at all level...[Read full description]February 2011Climate change, Community management, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Forests, Industry, Livelihoods, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledgeFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=381The State of the World's Children 2011 examines the global state of adolescents; outlines the challenges they face in health, education, protection and participation; and explores the risks and vulnerabilities of this pivotal stage. The report highlights the singular opportunities that adolescence offers, both for adolescents themselves and for the societies they live in. Chapter 3 "Global challenges for adolescents" considers some of the key global challenges that are shaping today's world - including environmental sustainability, peace and security, and key...[Read full description]February 2011Climate change, Education, Gender, Poverty, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water supply, YouthUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=376This report presents the results of a Global Economic and Sector Work Study on the Political Economy of Sanitation in Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Senegal that was conducted by the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) and the World Bank. The purpose of the study was to help WSP and the World Bank¿through a better understanding of the political economy of sanitation¿in their efforts to support partner countries and development practitioners in the de­sign, implementation, and effectiveness of operations that aim to provide pro-poor sanitation investments and se...[Read full description]February 2011Financing, Investments, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Water governanceWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=374This report evaluates the role of infrastructure in promoting economic growth and poverty reduction in Africa. It is devoted to the study of the complementary physical infrastructure - telecommunications, power, transport (roads, railways, ports and airports), and water supply. The report is presented in seven chapters. Chapter Two appraises the relationship between infrastructure and development; Chapter Three examines Africa's infrastructure endowment; and Chapter Four evaluates the financing options. The focus of Chapter Five is the record of private secto...[Read full description]February 2011Economic impact, Financing, Infrastructure, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty reduction, Private sector participation (PSP), Sanitation, Utility services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=365Access to a convenient handwashing station has been found to be associated with higher rates of handwashing and decreased fingertip contamination. One such handwashing station is the "tippy-tap," which consists of a small (3 or 5 liter) jerry can filled with water and suspended from a wooden frame. Soap is suspended from the frame beside the jerry can. A tippy-tap located close to a latrine provides a cheap and potentially convenient means of washing hands after latrine use. A qualitative case study was carried out May 11-18, 2010 in Uganda to learn about two...[Read full description]February 2011Behaviour change, Hygiene, Practices and habits , Technology, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=363In 2007, the World Health Organization issued a request for proposals on the integration of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and Household Water Treatment (HWT) at the household level in Africa. The aims of this initiative were: 1. To explore whether or not it is possible to achieve synergies and economies of scale by linking HWT and IAQ interventions; 2. To examine the potential for expansion and scaling up in the implementation of projects combining these interventions; 3. To document integration models for these interventions; 4. To examine the added¿value of inte...[Read full description]February 2011Disease, Energy, Health, Pollution, Rural areas, Urban areas, Water supply, Water treatmentWorld Health Organization (WHO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=409The International Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation Utilities (IBNET) provides a set of tools that allows water and sanitation utilities to measure their performance both against their own past performance and against the performance of similar utilities at the national, regional, and global levels. IBNET collects, analyzes, and provides access to information of more than 2,500 water and wastewater services providers from 110 countries around the world. The IBNET Water Supply and Sanitation Performance Blue Book is designed to raise awareness of h...[Read full description]January 2011Fee collection, Information and data, Nonrevenue water, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Sanitation, Utility services, Water supplyInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=391This report highlights the need for a better understanding of the critical role of ecosystem services in securing national and MDG targets of providing people with safe and sustainable sources of water. The study focuses on the key challenges in the water sector, which in the case of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) are strongly centred on drinking water supply. This technical report comprises an integral part of the broader United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) post-conflict environmental assessment (PCEA) of the DRC. The UNEP PCEA aims to ev...[Read full description]January 2011Drinking water, Ecosystem services, Groundwater, Infrastructure, Legal aspects, Pollution, Rural areas, Sustainable development, Urban areas, Water demand, Water governance, Water quality, Water supply, WatershedsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=386The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture presents a world review of fisheries, aquaculture (including freshwater aquaculture) and related issues. It provides trends and statistics, highlights issues debated worldwide and profiles future scenarios. January 2011Aquaculture, Ecosystem services, Food security, Industry, Livelihoods, Poverty reduction, Water policyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=369This document introduces the project, "Upgrading Community-based Piped Water Services with Private Sector Support", which is led by the Ministry of Public Works of Indonesia and jointly supported by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank and the Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (Indii), an Australian Government-funded project. The project has been supporting the construction of village water infrastructure to be managed by users through community-based water organizations (CBOs) and provides information about the current situation, some lessons...[Read full description]January 2011Community management, Consumer satisfaction, Fee collection, Infrastructure, Sanitation, Utility services, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=341This document presents a compendium of rural water good practices from India which have improved drinking-water security. The document introduces successful experiences in different domains, including the following: Practices which have contributed to an improved water supply service; Multi-village scheme innovations; Practices which have improved water quality; Practices which have improved water sources sustainability; Practices related to wastewater management; Experiences in communication; and, State level reforms.January 2011Communication, Community participation, Consumer satisfaction, Drinking water, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Public policy, Public-private partnerships (PPP), Rural areas, Wastewater, Water conservation , Water policy, Water quality, Water security, Water supplyMinistry of Rural Development of India, World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=330These guidance notes are intended to be used by policymakers and planners of local, regional and national government bodies and all other organizations interested or engaged in enhancing the safety of school populations through improved hazard resistant construction and retrofitting of schools buildings. They can be used to guide discussion, planning and design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of school construction. The document addresses different types of hazards, including floods. It focuses only on hazards that pose a threat to school structure...[Read full description]January 2011Disaster prevention, Disasters, Floods, Infrastructure, Risk management, Vulnerability, Vulnerable groupsInter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies, United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=315This publication integrates a wealth of primary and secondary information to present a quantitative snapshot of the state of the water supply and sanitation (WSS) sectors in Africa. It explains the sectoral institutional structures and utility performance and articulates the volume and quality of financing available over time. The authors also evaluate the challenges to the WSS sectors and explore the factors that govern the expansion of coverage over time. Finally, the authors estimate spending needs for WSS, arriving at a funding gap for meeting the MDGs. T...[Read full description]January 2011Cost recovery, Financing, Infrastructure, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Sanitation, Tariffs, Urban areas, Utility services, Water governance, Water policy, Water supplyInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=305This document is an internal Nepal country impact study of initiatives supported by UN-HABITAT's Water and Sanitation Trust Fund (WSTF) undertaken by a team of international consultants. The document presents the achievements and impact of a sample of 16 selected projects which are considered representative of the Nepal project portfolio of 48 projects and provides some recommendations. 2011Financing, Gender, Infrastructure, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=303This document presents the overall summary and synthesis of the first impact study of initiatives supported by UN-HABITAT's Water and Sanitation Trust Fund (WSTF). The WSTF, which was established in 2003, aims to leverage new investment and ideas to expand the water and sanitation (WATSAN) service coverage for poor urban dwellers and help build momentum for achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). 2011Capacity building, Community participation, Financing, Gender, Investments, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=295This impact assessment identifies how the water and sanitation initiatives implemented under the Water Sanitation and Infrastructure Branch of UN-HABITAT, have strategically mainstreamed gender aspects in its various initiatives and to identify achievements and impact, challenges, lessons learned and provide recommendations. The study has looked at global, regional and country activities. The country programmes reviewed are implemented in Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya and Nigeria in Africa; India, LaoPDR, Nepal and Vietnam in Asia and Nicaragua in the Latin America ...[Read full description] 2011Financing, Gender, Informal settlements, Poverty reduction, Sanitation, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=257This document provides a synthesis of actions undertaken by 21 Nairobi Work Programme (NWP) partner organizations, and highlights the results obtained and lessons learned on freshwater issues in particular. The contributions of partner organizations showcase a rich mix of actions on freshwater resources, which have generated results on the ground, particularly in developing countries, and produced useful lessons demonstrating improved understanding and assessment of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. The publication consists of two parts...[Read full description] 2011Adaptation, Awareness raising, Capacity building, Climate change, Gender, Participation, Vulnerability, Water management, Water securityUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=238The purpose of this document is to show how sustainable ecosystems, explicitly agroecosystems, are essential for water management and food production. This document provides background evidence illustrating the 3-way interdependence between ecosystems, water and food security, demonstrating how ecosystem management can be improved to ensure water availability and to avoid future food crises. It focuses primarily on how to achieve sustainable food production from a biophysical perspective and does not address per se the key social and institutional issues rela...[Read full description] 2011Agriculture, Ecosystem services, Ecosystems, Food security, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Water managementInternational Water Management Institute (IWMI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=61This report addresses drought and focuses on Syria, considered one of the most economically affected countries by drought in the region. The case study provides information on historical droughts in the country between 2000-2010, including data on frequency, vulnerabilities and lessons learned with drought impacts. 2011Agriculture, Desertification, Drought, Food securityArab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=59This report organizes the contents, lessons learned, and conclusions of the workshop "Constructive Dialogue: Communication for Development in Water, Sanitation, and Infrastructure Projects in Latin America", which took place at the World Bank office in Peru in November 23-25, 2009. Following a brief theoretical overview of the concept of Communication for Development and the processes and approaches that it can entail (Chapter 1), the document reviews the importance of Communication for Development in project design and implementation of projects, in particul...[Read full description] 2011Behaviour change, Development communication, Infrastructure, Participation, Sanitation, Water managementInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=34This report presents an overall assessment of Africa's progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Progress towards Goal 7, Ensure Environmental Sustainability, and specifically towards Target 7.C `Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation-, is assessed in Section II of the Report. Section III takes as its thematic focus social protection programs, including water-related programmes, as they relate to the MDGs in a selected number of African countries. Section IV concludes with...[Read full description] 2011Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Monitoring, Poverty reduction, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyAfrican Development Bank (AfDB), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=566This manual is intended for secondary-school (and late primary-school) teachers and their pupils living in mountain ecosystems, where climate and environmental conditions are harsh, often varying between extremes, and which are subject to the problems of erosion. As an educational tool, the kit offers a practical and attractive way of helping teachers and their pupils towards a better understanding of the environmental problems of their region and to stimulate their quest for possible solutions. Chapter 3 focuses on the preservation of water resources. 2010Biodiversity, Education, Environment, Mountains, Water cycle, Water managementUNESCO- Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=431This manual updates and expands the earlier version of "Introduction to Sandwatch: an educational tool for sustainable development". Sandwatch is a programme through which children, youth and adults work together to scientifically monitor and critically evaluate the problems and conflicts facing the marine and coastal environment - in particular, the beach environment - and develop sustainable approaches to address these issues. Chapter 9 focuses on water quality issues, links it to the climate change issue and proposes an activity to learn measuring and moni...[Read full description]December 2010Adaptation, Behaviour change, Climate change, Coastal zones, Community participation, Ecosystem services, Education, Islands, Sustainable development, Water qualityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=427Overview of the Rural Poverty Report 2011.December 2010Agriculture, Community management, Development cooperation, Gender, Poverty reduction, Risk management, Rural areas, Sanitation, Utility servicesInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=422The Rural Poverty Report 2011 explores the challenges that make it so difficult for rural people to overcome poverty, and identifies opportunities and pathways that could lead towards greater prosperity. It highlights policies and actions that governments and development practitioners can take to support the efforts of rural people themselves, today and in the coming years. The report also presents testimonies from men and women living in rural areas in six countries around the world: China, Egypt, Madagascar, Pakistan, Peru and Senegal. The basic notion put ...[Read full description]December 2010Agriculture, Community management, Development cooperation, Gender, Livelihoods, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Risk management, Rural areas, Sanitation, Utility services, Water management, Water scarcityInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=421This Regional Water Intelligence Report examines the current political landscape in the Nile Basin and includes a political and legal analysis of the Southern Sudan independence referendum held on 9th January 2011. The objective is to analyze key political events and their potential impact on Nile cooperation, within the framework of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), with a specific focus on the referendum in Southern Sudan. Some recommendations are explored that the international community could consider taking in the post referendum process to strengthen dev...[Read full description]December 2010Conflicts, Legal aspects, River Basin Management, Transboundary waters, WatershedsStockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), UNDP Water Governance Facility, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=417Global Scaling Up Rural Sanitation is a WSP project being implemented in India, Indonesia, and Tanzania. Working with local governments and the private sector in 29 districts of East Java province in Indonesia, WSP's approach combines generating demand from local governments prior to initiating project interventions and demand from consumers for improved sanitation facilities and behaviours prior to making a greater range of sanitation products and services available through local markets. This demand responsive approach combines Community-Led Total Sanitatio...[Read full description]December 2010Behaviour change, Community participation, Information and data, Monitoring, Rural areas, SanitationWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=414Policy brief from report "Importance of biodiversity and ecosystems in economic growth and equity in Latin America and the Caribbean: an economic valuation of ecosystems. Latin America and the Caribbean: A Biodiversity Superpower".December 2010Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Sustainable developmentUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=412Excutive summary of report "Importance of biodiversity and ecosystems in economic growth and equity in Latin America and the Caribbean: an economic valuation of ecosystems. Latin America and the Caribbean: A Biodiversity Superpower".December 2010Agriculture, Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Drinking water, Ecosystem services, Equity, Forests, Hydrology, Irrigation, Sustainable development, Tourism, Water management, Water quality, WetlandsUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=410This report aims at generating a dialogue within the Latin America and the Caribbean region on the need and competitive advantages of incorporating the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity and the ecosystem services into development plans, emphasising the role both play in the development and equity. The Report's approach is to analyze sectoral outputs at a micro-economic level, comparing costs and benefits between different types of natural resource production practices those that take account of ecosystem services and those that do not. T...[Read full description]December 2010Agriculture, Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Drinking water, Ecosystem services, Equity, Forests, Hydrology, Irrigation, Sustainable development, Tourism, Water management, Water quality, WetlandsUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=408This report highlights the vulnerability and exposure of people to floods, droughts and eventually water shortages as a result of changes in the melting and freezing cycles linked with climate change and other pollution impacts. This report calls for accelerating research, monitoring and modelling of glaciers, snow and their role in water supplies. It outlines status and trends of high mountain glaciers in relation to climate change, identifies challenges and knowledge gaps, and finally makes recommendations for adaptation, research and policy.December 2010Adaptation, Climate change, Disasters, Drinking water, Floods, Glaciers, Infrastructure, Lakes, Livelihoods, Mountains, VulnerabilityUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=402This study from India analyzes the evidence on the adverse economic impacts of inadequate sanitation at the national level using information on health (deaths and diseases) and other impacts. The study underlines that not only are substantial investments needed but that these can become effective only when they result in reducing morbidity and mortality, mitigating impacts on drinking water, improving welfare, and reducing impacts on tourism, and so on, which are associated with inadequate sanitation. The study recommends a new monitoring framework at the nat...[Read full description]December 2010Disease, Economic impact, Health, Investments, Poverty, Sanitation, Water treatmentWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=367This study provides a comprehensive account of the global green, blue and grey water footprints of different sorts of farm animals and animal products, distinguishing between different production systems and considering the conditions in all countries of the world separately. The following animal categories were considered: beef cattle, dairy cattle, pig, sheep, goat, broiler chicken, layer chicken and horses.December 2010Behaviour change, Livestock, Wastewater, Water footprintUNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Educationhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=366The research in this paper constructs an analytical framework for describing the characteristics of economically efficient groundwater management plans, identifying how individual water use decisions by farmers collectively depart from efficient resource use, and examining how policies related to both water and electricity can improve on the efficiency of the status quo. The analysis includes a methodology for calculating the latter externality cost, based on just a few parameters, and a discussion of how electricity pricing could be modified to improve effi...[Read full description]December 2010Agriculture, Cost recovery, Economic impact, Energy, Groundwater, Tariffs, Water allocation, Water managementWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=313This report discusses the key findings and recommendations emerging from a pilot Citizen Report Card (CRC) on water, sanitation, and sewerage services in Karachi. The CRC, pioneered by the Public Affairs Center (PAC), Bengaluru, provides public agencies with systematic feedback from users of public services. CRC gains such feedback through sample surveys on aspects of service quality that users know best, and enable public agencies to identify strengths and weaknesses in their work.December 2010Consumer satisfaction, Information and data, Perceptions, Sanitation, Utility services, Water availability, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=892Developed in collaboration with United Nations agencies, civil society and other organizations, the United Nations challenge badges are intended to raise awareness, educate and motivate young people to change their behaviour and be active agents of change in their local communities. The challenge badge series can be used by teachers in school classes and by youth leaders, and especially Guide or scout groups. The biodiversity challenge badge, is designed to help teachers and leaders introduce environmental and sustainability issues to young people and guide t...[Read full description]November 2010Awareness raising, Behaviour change, Biodiversity, Children, Climate change, Communication, Environment, Land management, Water management, Watersheds, YouthFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), World Association of Girl Guides and Guirl Scouts (WAGGGS)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=445This report provides an overview and assessment of the state of water sector governance in Africa - looking at a very broad range of governance-related elements, including legislation and regulation, decentralization and devolution, sector-wide approaches, financial management, monitoring and evaluation, accountability and corruption as well as civil society participation, gender, alternative service provision, public-private partnerships and equitable service delivery. The study highlights current thinking and research on all these key elements and issues af...[Read full description]November 2010Corruption, Equity, Financing, Gender, Human right to water and sanitation, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Water governance, Water policy, Water servicesAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=444This report provides an overview and assessment of the state of water sector governance in Africa - looking at a very broad range of governance-related elements, including legislation and regulation, decentralization and devolution, sector-wide approaches, financial management, monitoring and evaluation, accountability and corruption as well as civil society participation, gender, alternative service provision, public-private partnerships and equitable service delivery. The study highlights current thinking and research on all these key elements and issues af...[Read full description]November 2010Corruption, Equity, Financing, Gender, Legal aspects, Monitoring, Participation, Water governance, Water management, Water servicesAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=441This report elaborates on particular urban processes and themes relevant to Africa, illustrating them with recent data and relevant examples. While much of the scope does focus on cities, no specific settlement size threshold is used and this report addresses urbanization and urban areas in general. The report highlights urban trends and emerging and key challenges for the African region (urbanisation, regional mobility, urban poverty, slums and urban land markets), and links them with water and sanitation issues where relevant.November 2010Energy, Equity, Informal settlements, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Utility services, Water security, Water servicesUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=439WSP's Global Scaling Up Rural Sanitation Project, known as Sanitasi Total dan Pemasaran Sanitasi (SToPs) in Indonesia, aims to improve the sanitation practices in Indonesian rural communities, reaching a total of 1.4 million people in 29 rural districts in East Java by project end. This report summarizes the findings of the baseline survey conducted in Indonesia and is part of a series of papers presenting and analyzing descriptive findings from the baseline impact evaluation surveys conducted in 2008 and 2009 from all countries where the project has been imp...[Read full description]November 2010Behaviour change, Community participation, Infrastructure, Rural areas, Sanitation, Water servicesWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=437Global Scaling Up Handwashing aims to test whether handwashing with soap behaviour can be generated and sustained among the poor and vulnerable using innovative promotional approaches. This technical paper describes the baseline findings from Vietnam, and is part of a series of technical reports summarizing baseline findings from similar surveys conducted in each of the Scaling Up project countries. The research shows that 47 percent of caregivers report washing hands with soap after using the toilet and less than one-third wash their hands with soap at other...[Read full description]November 2010Behaviour change, Disease, Gender, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Water supplyWorld Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=419This note describes the key ingredients to putting in place a nationwide good governance action plan in Uganda's water sector, the challenges to be overcome and lessons learned to date. The implications for practice are discussed from the perspectives of policy makers, regulators and ombudsmen, development partners, water service providers and civil society actors. This provides guidance for the replication of best practice by stakeholders in other countries and sectors.November 2010Corruption, Ethics, Sanitation, Water governance, Water services, Water supplyWater Integrity Network (WIN), World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=418The title of this report conveys the key message that droughts, floods, storms, etc. are natural hazards, but deaths and damages that result from human acts of omission and commission are unnatural disasters. Every disaster is unique, but each exposes actions¿by individuals and governments at different levels¿that, had they been different, would have resulted in fewer deaths and less damage. Prevention is possible, and this report examines what it takes to do this cost-effectively. The report looks at disasters primarily through an economic lens but draws als...[Read full description]November 2010Climate change, Disaster prevention, Disasters, Economic impact, Financing, VulnerabilityUnited Nations (UN), World Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=399Amendments to the Summary for Decision Makers of the Africa Water Atlas.November 2010United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=397Summary for decision makers.November 2010Capacity building, Climate change, Drinking water, Energy, Food security, Land degradation, Pollution, Sanitation, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Water balance, Water demand, Water management, Water quality, Water scarcity, WatershedsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=396Amendments to the Africa Water Atlas.November 2010United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=394This Atlas is a visual account of Africa's endowment and use of water resources, revealed through 224 maps and 104 satellite images as well as some 500 graphics and hundreds of photos. It gathers information about water in Africa and its role in the economy and development, health, food security, transboundary cooperation, capacity building and environmental change. The Atlas starts with a special feature that focuses on the often two-sided nature of water issues in Africa: surplus and scarcity, under-developed and overexploited and challenges and opportuniti...[Read full description]November 2010Agriculture, Climate change, Dams, Drinking water, Energy, Environment, Food security, Gender, Groundwater, Land degradation, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Pollution, River Basin Management, Rural areas, Sanitation, State of water resources, Transboundary waters, Urban areas, Water allocation, Water availability, Water balance, Water demand, Water governance, Water quality, Water scarcity, Water supply, Watersheds, WetlandsUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=407Summary of the Guidelines for user fees and cost recovery for urban, networked water and sanitation deliveryOctober 2010Cost recovery, Fee collection, Sanitation, Tariffs, Urban areas, Utility services, Water supply, Water User AssociationsAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=406This document addresses the issues of urban, predominantly networked, water supply and sanitation. The main objective of these guidelines is to provide guidance to AfDB Group Task Managers and other stakeholders as well as to enhance the design and implementation of financially sustainable water sector projects and programmes. A key objective of these guidelines is to enable service providers to deliver better services to all, within the context of a protected environment, through accessing enhanced revenue and finance flows whilst acknowledging that direct f...[Read full description]October 2010Cost recovery, Fee collection, Sanitation, Tariffs, Urban areas, Utility services, Water supply, Water User AssociationsAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=405Executive summary of the Guidelines for user fees and cost recovery for rural, non-networked, water and sanitation delivery.October 2010Cost recovery, Fee collection, Rural areas, Sanitation, Small-scale providers, Tariffs, Utility services, Water supply, Water User AssociationsAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=404This document addresses the issues of rural, non-networked water supply and sanitation. The main objective of these guidelines is to provide guidance to AfDB Group Task Managers and other stakeholders as well as to enhance the design and implementation of financially sustainable water sector projects and programmes. A key objective of these guidelines is to enable service providers to deliver better services to all, within the context of a protected environment, through accessing enhanced revenue and finance flows whilst acknowledging that direct full cost re...[Read full description]October 2010Cost recovery, Fee collection, Rural areas, Sanitation, Small-scale providers, Tariffs, Utility services, Water supply, Water User AssociationsAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=403This report is an attempt to contribute to greater international understanding of the issues, challenges and opportunities facing engineering, with a particular focus on contributions of this discipline to sustainable development. Chapter 6.2.1. focuses on water supply and sanitation and describes emerging challenges, such as climate change, population growth and urbanization, deterioration of infrastructure systems, engineering is confronted with; the water supply and sanitation issue is also covered in several other chapters.October 2010Infrastructure, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=400This report, commissioned as a contribution to the 10th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, focuses on the importance of inland fisheries as an ecosystem service that significantly contributes to food production and livelihoods in many parts of the world but at the same time depends upon a sustained supply of freshwater of appropriate quality and sustainable ecosystems functioning. The assessment looks at the pressures and the drivers of ecosystems degradation that affect inland fisheries, and reviews opportunities on how to m...[Read full description]October 2010Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Livelihoods, Sustainable development, Water conservation United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=985This Resource Manual, prepared as part of the new World Heritage Resource Manual Series, aims to raise the awareness of World Heritage managers and administrators of the real extent of risks associated with disasters. It provides them with a sound methodology for identifying, assessing and then reducing these risks, with a view to preserving their heritage and ensuring that it contributes - to its full potential - to the sustainable development of their communities. The manual is divided into 8 sections, the first 7 ask and answer important questions which al...[Read full description]June 2010Disaster prevention, Disasters, Emergency situations, Mitigation, Monitoring, Risk management, Sustainable development, Traditional knowledgeInternational Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM), International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=361Today, half of humanity lives in urban areas. By 2050 all regions will be predominantly urban. Building on the outcomes of the World Water Development Report 3 (WWDR3) and on work implemented by UN-HABITAT, this Briefing Note restates the critical water-related challenges of this unprecedented urban expansion - from providing access to basic services to ensuring environmental and human security. The paper provides for concrete policy options to meet these challenges, protect against potential water-related disasters and ensure the development of sustainable u...[Read full description]March 2010Climate change, Disasters, Drinking water, Financing, Sanitation, Technology, Urban areas, Vulnerable groups, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UN-Waterhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=280This guide for journalists attempts to provide media professionals with basic information about some priority issues for sustainable development. It also provides practical exercises to inspire investigative reporting, and draws links to existing experience that may enrich the information resources of media professionals. Chapter 3 "Resource depletion: freshwater" addresses different water-related issues, including: water scarcity, access to water and sanitation, food production and food security, climate change, desertification, the human right to water, etc. [Read full description]June 2008Biodiversity, Capacity building, Climate change, Communication, Conflicts, Desertification, Education, Environment, Food security, Groundwater, Human right to water and sanitation, Participation, Pollution, State of water resources, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water footprint, Water management, Water policy, Water scarcityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=443This is the fi rst issue in an evolving series of state of the African cities reports, intended to provide both a tool and a platform for debate on urban issues within Africa. It aims to provide focus and encouragement to African governments at the central and local level as well as to other key actors in the broad area of sustainable human settlements development. The question of urban water and sanitation supply is addressed all along the report.March 2008Informal settlements, Sanitation, Slums, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water security, Water services, Water supplyUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=20This checklist is meant to assist staff and consultants in implementing ADB's policy and strategic objectives on gender and development (GAD). It guides users through all stages of the project/program cycle in determining access to resources, roles and responsibilities, constraints, and priorities according to gender in the water supply and sanitation sector and in designing appropriate gender-sensitive strategies, components, and indicators to respond to gender issues.March 2006Gender, Sanitation, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=19This report looks at small-scale freshwater rural aquaculture from the viewpoint of poverty reduction: - What are the main factors that enable fish farming to generate livelihoods and reduce poverty? - What steps can be taken to overcome constraints and optimize these factors? Based on case studies, the first part of the report highlights the importance of access to capital assets-human, social, natural, physical and financial- and to a range of transforming processes, such as markets, institutions, facilities, infrastructure, and services. The roles of th...[Read full description]April 2005Aquaculture, Poverty, Poverty reductionAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=434Sandwatch seeks to change the lifestyle and habits of youth and adults on a community-wide basis, and to develop awareness of the fragile nature of the marine and coastal environment - in particular, the beach environment - and the need to use it wisely. Sandwatch provides the framework for school students, with the help of their teachers and local communities, to work together to critically evaluate the problems and conflicts facing their beach environments and to develop sustainable approaches to address these issues. Chapter 8 focus on water quality issues...[Read full description]January 2005Adaptation, Behaviour change, Climate change, Coastal zones, Community participation, Ecosystem services, Education, Islands, Sustainable development, Water qualityUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=7This publication compiles the proceedings of the Regional Consultation Workshop on Cooperation in Shared Water Resources in Central Asia: Past Experience and Future Challenges, which was held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, from 26 to 28 9 2002. The proceedings present different cooperation experiences between Central Asian countries and provide some recommendations to enhance transboundary water management.November 2004Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Transboundary waters, Water managementAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=18This study presents the impact of the Water Voices documentary 'Hidden Paradise' on audiences from poor communities in the Philippines.October 2004Communication, Development communication, Gender, Perceptions, Poverty, Practices and habits , YouthAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=17This book is about small-scale private water providers in Asian cities and the entrepreneurial potential of small piped network operators. It proposes that city officials, city water utilities, and local banks work closely with small network entrepreneurs to bring water supplies to the poor and disadvantaged. The study examines small piped networks through case studies: how and who starts these operations; who they supply, with what, at what cost, and using what technologies; their business and risk management approaches; and what hinders their development. ...[Read full description]September 2004Poverty, Poverty reduction, Small-scale providers, Water servicesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=16This summary report extracts key messages from an impact evaluation study (IES) on Water Supply and Sanitation Projects in Selected Developing Member Countries. The study focused on the level of improvement in water availability for different user groups, the economic and social impact of improved water availability on the poor, policies relating to tariffs, supply alternatives, and institutional arrangements, and solutions to common problems based on best practices. January 2004Cost recovery, Financing, Nonrevenue water, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water conservation Asian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=15Flood mitigation projects worldwide have tended to follow a standard, top-down, and predominantly engineering approach. This paper suggests problems with that approach, examines water-related disasters from the point of view of affected poor households, and proposes steps to help flood-prone communities prepare and cope more effectively.January 2004Disaster prevention, Floods, Poverty, Poverty reductionAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=14This strategy paper is intended to help stimulate the international debate on water and poverty and related actions. It provides a framework for the development of action partnerships to improve the access of poor people to water within or in connection with the operations of the Asian Development Bank. It builds on the outputs of the Water and Poverty Initiative (WPI), including discussions and documents prepared for the 3rd World Water Forum in Kyoto in 3 2003.January 2004Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water governanceAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=13This paper aims to stimulate debate on and promote a better understanding of the importance of water security in the lives of the world's poor. The goal is to set out a basic conceptual framework to help explain the relationship between poverty and water security. The paper primarily targets the international water community: water resources experts and policy makers who are part of the ongoing debate on how to sustain and improve our management of water resources and the delivery of the different services these resources provide.January 2004Livelihoods, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water governance, Water securityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=12This paper outlines a pro-poor framework for action, linking poverty to water security and examining related issues of governance, water quality, access, livelihood opportunities, capacity building, disaster management, and ecosystem management.January 2004Capacity building, Disaster prevention, Ecosystem services, Livelihoods, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water governance, Water security, Water servicesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=11A growing body of evidence, including experiences from case studies, suggests that water is indeed a significant key to sustainable development. These theme papers examine some of the ways in which this is true. The themes outlined in this book explore ways to improve the institutional framework and governance conditions that regulate access to water resources. They touch tough issues such as the need to create more pro-poor water governance, improve access to quality water services, mainstream gender in all aspects of water management, involve and empower...[Read full description]January 2004Capacity building, Community participation, Food security, Gender, Health, Livelihoods, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water governance, Water management, Water security, Water servicesAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=10Produced as a working paper for the 3rd World Water Forum held 16-23 3 2003 in Kyoto, Japan, this paper draws together the lessons learned from case study papers produced for the Water and Poverty Initiative coordinated by the Asian Development Bank. The 30 case studies on which this analysis is based covers 20 countries and regions in Africa, Asia, and Micronesia. They range in size from the tiny atoll of Kiribati in Micronesia, with a population of less than 100,000, to the giant People's Republic of China, with a population of 1.28 billion. The cases explo...[Read full description]January 2004Disaster prevention, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Water governance, Water management, Water securityAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=9This publication presents 12 cases that give an overview of the types of poverty reduction projects the Asian Development Bank is either currently engaged in or has recently undertaken in the water sector in its Developing Member Countries, from water supply and sanitation to irrigation and drought relief. January 2004Community participation, Development communication, Drought, Gender, Irrigation, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Private sector participation (PSP), Sanitation, Small-scale providers, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=8This publication focuses on the link between water and poverty reduction. Ten cases from international experts tell stories of innovative approaches to water problems around the world. Gender, access to water, integrated water resources management, irrigation, coastal issues, and watershed development are among the issues explored in these case studies.January 2004Agriculture, Disasters, Drought, Gender, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), Irrigation, Poverty, Poverty reduction, Rural areas, Sanitation, Urban areas, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=6This document provides a study on the performance of water supply and sanitation utilities in eighteen Asian cities and explores how civil society perceives its role in improving water services in the cities. The presented data comprise essential benchmarking indicators on service level, service quality, operational efficiency, and financial management. Also included are broader performance dimensions including water resources management, policy and regulation, private sector participation, small-scale service providers, wastewater and sanitation, and urban f...[Read full description]January 2004Consumer satisfaction, Perceptions, Sanitation, Tariffs, Urban areas, Utility services, Wastewater, Water operators, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=5This document introduces the water policy of the Asian Development Bank. June 2003Water policyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=4This volume examines the features of water supply, the need and options for private sector participation, and institutional structures and incentives. It also recommends a framework and best practices for moving to private sector participation in water supply.December 2000Infrastructure, Investments, Private sector participation (PSP), Risk management, Water governance, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1129This study, based on the evaluation results of 15 free-standing water and sanitation projects, integrates the discoveries of three years of field research into World Bank assistance for rural water and combines the findings of rural water Impact Evaluations with recent Performance Audits and Implementation Completion Reports on the topic. The work has also been informed by a review of literature, pilot open-ended interviews, questionnaires and study-related field visits. A summary of a scholarly paper is contained within this report and represents a first att...[Read full description]March 2000Auditing, Community participation, Cost recovery, Financing, Health, Monitoring, Poverty, Rural areas, Sanitation, Sustainable development, Water availability, Water services, Water supplyWorld Bankhttp://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=3This report analyzes the acceleration in the pace of Asian urbanization and urban water and sanitation associated problems. The first two sections look at the trends of urbanization in the past and into the future to provide a context. Section III reviews the current situation regarding access to water and sanitaion. Section IV analyzes the issue of access to water and sanitation services and associated factors through a review of country studies and an analysis of cross-country data. Section V then discusses the long-term outlook concerning urban water and s...[Read full description]September 1997Financing, Infrastructure, Sanitation, Urban areas, Urbanization, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=2This paper addresses the question of choosing appropriate policy instruments for pollution control. It compares alternative regulation and fiscal-financial incentive based policy instruments for pollution control in terms of different choice criteria. Section II briefly reviews the static and dynamic efficenty characteristics of command and control measures as well as different types of market-based instruments. The problem of enforcement is also examined in this section. A menu of alternative policy regimes is outlined in Section III. This is followed in Sec...[Read full description]October 1995Economic impact, Economic instruments, Pollution, Tariffs, WastewaterAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=1The authors discuss the concept of "economic benefits" in the water supply sector, and then present several approaches that can be used to estimate the economic benefits to households of potable water supply improvements. January 1994Economic impact, Investments, Perceptions, Valuation, Water demand, Water supplyAsian Development Bank (ADB)http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/onu/en/detallePer_Onu?id=642This report from the UN Secretary General summarizes main achievements of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade 1981-1990. The report provides an historical background, makes a review of actions and progress, highlights some prospects and challenges, and provides an strategy for the 1990s.July 1990Sanitation, Water supplyUnited Nations General Assembly (UNGA)